GERM Reservoir Database
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GERM Database Search Results
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Reservoir
Z
Element
Value
Median
SD
Low
High
N
Unit
Reference
===========
Default
Units ...
=======
ppm
ppb
ppt
wt%
wt%ox
=======
Default
Reservoir
Z
Element
Value
Median
SD
Low
High
N
Unit
Info
Reference
Source(s)
Seawater
21
Sc
1.5e-05
Broeker & Peng 1982
Seawater
21
Sc
0.0006
ppb
Li 1982
Mead Peak Phosphatic Shale Member
21
Sc
0.001
41
ppm
Gulbrandsen 1966
Phosphoria Formation
21
Sc
0.001
61
ppm
Gulbrandsen 1966
Retort Phosphatic Shale Member
21
Sc
0.001
20
ppm
Gulbrandsen 1966
Rivers
21
Sc
0.004
ppb
Li 1982
Marine Organisms
21
Sc
0.07
ppm
Li 1991
Bowen 1979
Enstatite Chondrites
Ca/Sc
0.143
0.014
McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites
Al/Sc
0.145
McDonough & Sun 1995
Enstatite Chondrites
Al/Sc
0.145
0.007
McDonough & Sun 1995
Ordinary Chondrites
Al/Sc
0.145
0.005
McDonough & Sun 1995
Carbonaceous Chondrites
Al/Sc
0.15
0.009
McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites
Ca/Sc
0.156
McDonough & Sun 1995
Ordinary Chondrites
Ca/Sc
0.156
0.006
McDonough & Sun 1995
Carbonaceous Chondrites
Ca/Sc
0.16
0.009
McDonough & Sun 1995
Shales
Ti/Sc
0.41
Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.56
Condie 1993
Early Archean Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.57
Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.57
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.57
Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.59
Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.61
Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.63
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
Th/Sc
0.65
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
Th/Sc
0.68
Condie 1993
Early Archean Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.71
Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.71
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.71
Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.72
Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.74
Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.75
Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust
Th/Sc
0.76
Condie 1993
North American Shale Composite (NASC)
Th/Sc
0.82
Condie 1993
Shales
Ti/Sc
0.82
Condie 1993
Shales
Ti/Sc
0.84
Condie 1993
Seawater
21
Sc
0.86
Li 1991
Whitfield & Turner 1987
Core
21
Sc
0
µg/g
McDonough 1998
Continental Crust
Cu/Sc
1.23
Salters & Stracke 2004
Carbonates
21
Sc
1.3
50
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
1.5
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Ionov 1996
Shales
La/Sc
1.5
Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
1.6
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
1.6
Condie 1993
Sandstones
21
Sc
1.6
ppm
Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
1.8
Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
1.8
Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
1.8
Condie 1993
Peninsular Range Batholith
21
Sc
1.8
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Sylvester 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
1.9
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
1.9
Condie 1993
Bambui Group
21
Sc
10
14
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Cathcart 1974
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
10
ppm
Condie 1993
LL Ordinary Chondrites
21
Sc
10
µg/g
Grossman & Wasson 1985
Manganese Nodules
21
Sc
10
ppm
Li 1991
Baturin 1988
Oulad Abdoun Basin
21
Sc
10
4
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Phosphoria Formation
21
Sc
10
60
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Gulbrandsen 1966
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
10
ppm
Taylor et al. 1983
Taylor & McLennan 1981
Volcanoclastic Turbidites
21
Sc
10
43
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
ALHA77081 Acapulcoite
21
Sc
10.3
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Schultz et al. 1982
Gibson Lodranite
21
Sc
10.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Weigel et al. 1999
Nano Ooze
21
Sc
10.5
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Peru Trench
21
Sc
10.56
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Late Archean Upper Crust
21
Sc
10.7
ppm
Condie 1993
Solid Earth
21
Sc
10.9
ppm
McDonough 2004
Solid Earth
21
Sc
10.9
µg/g
McDonough 1998
Australian Granite
21
Sc
11
704
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Chappell & White 1992
Continental Rift Xenoliths
21
Sc
11
10
5
23
Pearson et al. 2004
Early Archean Upper Crust
21
Sc
11
ppm
Condie 1993
Marine Phosphorites
21
Sc
11
10
5
18
12
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Tonalites
21
Sc
11
ppm
Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
11
ppm
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Volcanoclastic Sediment
21
Sc
11
15
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Yangtze Craton
21
Sc
11
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Veramin Mesosiderite
21
Sc
11.15
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mittlefehldt in press
Powell 1971
Vanuatu Trench
21
Sc
11.2
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Ganges River Particulates
21
Sc
11.5
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
Turbidites
21
Sc
11.6
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
East Sunda Trench
21
Sc
11.7
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Andaman Trench
21
Sc
11.74
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
North Antilles Trench
21
Sc
11.75
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Allende Meteorite
21
Sc
11.9
µg/g
Grossman & Wasson 1985
Sumatra Trench
21
Sc
11.99
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
111
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Ionov 1996
Brachina Brachinite
21
Sc
12
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Nehru et al. 1983
Congo River Particulates
21
Sc
12
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
12
12
4
273
Pearson et al. 2004
Mantle Xenoliths
21
Sc
12
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
McDonough 1990
Monterey Formation
21
Sc
12
5
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites
21
Sc
12
ppm
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
12
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Eade and Fahrig 1973
Spinel Peridotites
21
Sc
12.2
12
6.4
220
ppm
McDonough 1990
Japan Trench
21
Sc
12.29
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kuriles Trench
21
Sc
12.29
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
12.3
972
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
12.4
56
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
12.4
56
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Basalts
21
Sc
12.5
7
ppm
Farmer 2004
Conticelli et al. 1997
Late Archean Upper Crust
21
Sc
12.5
ppm
Condie 1993
IAB Udei Station
21
Sc
12.6
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985
Hydrothermal Sediment
21
Sc
12.7
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay
21
Sc
12.8
2
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
ALH 84001 Meteorite
21
Sc
13
1
ppm
McSween, Jr. 2004
Lodders 1998
Australian Granite
21
Sc
13
1074
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Wormald & Price 1988
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
13
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Continental Crust
21
Sc
13
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Continental Crust
21
Sc
13
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Shaw et al. 1986
Felsic Post-Archean Granulites
21
Sc
13
13
59
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
13
ppm
Condie 1993
Granulites
21
Sc
13
8
152
ppm
Rudnick & Presper 1990
Late Archean Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
13
Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
13
Condie 1993
Marine Shales
21
Sc
13
ppm
Li 1991
Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Marine Shales
21
Sc
13
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Metafelsic Volcanics
21
Sc
13
41
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Ocean Arc Xenoliths
21
Sc
13
12
5
21
Pearson et al. 2004
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
13
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
Taylor & McLennan 1985
Silicate Earth
21
Sc
13
ppm
McDonough et al. 1992
Taylor & McLennan 1985
Yangtze Craton
21
Sc
13
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Early Archean Upper Crust
21
Sc
13.1
ppm
Condie 1993
Subducted Sediment
21
Sc
13.1
1.03
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Philip Trench
21
Sc
13.19
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
13.3
ppm
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
13.4
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
13.4
ppm
Condie 1993
ALH 84025 Brachinite
21
Sc
13.6
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Warren & Kallemeyn 1989a
Brown Clay
21
Sc
13.6
29
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
13.6
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
South Antilles Trench
21
Sc
13.67
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Archean Terrains
21
Sc
14
ppm
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Australian Granite
21
Sc
14
8
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Whalen 1985
Graywackes
21
Sc
14
ppm
Condie 1993
Graywackes
21
Sc
14
ppm
Condie 1993
Graywackes
21
Sc
14
ppm
Condie 1993
Interior North China Craton
21
Sc
14
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Island Arcs
21
Sc
14
323
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Silver & Chappell 1998
Kimberlite
21
Sc
14
22
ppm
Farmer 2004
Taylor et al. 1994
Sera de Mage Eucrite
21
Sc
14
ppm
Morgan et al. 1978
Schmitt et al. 1972
South Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
14
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites
21
Sc
14
ppm
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
14
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
14
0.9
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
see text
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
14
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Yangtze Craton
21
Sc
14
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton
21
Sc
14
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton
21
Sc
14
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
14.1
ppm
Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
14.1
ppm
Condie 1993
Basalts
21
Sc
14.2
5
ppm
Farmer 2004
Wilson et al. 1997
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
14.2
ppm
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
14.2
ppm
Condie 1993
Ashy Clay
21
Sc
14.3
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Baldissero Spinel Lherzolites
21
Sc
14.4
0.9
14
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Binda Eucrite
21
Sc
14.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
14.5
ppm
Condie 1993
Diatome Clay
21
Sc
14.6
6
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Felsic Granulites
21
Sc
14.7
137
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Arenaceous Rocks
21
Sc
14.8
121
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Java Trench
21
Sc
14.8
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
14.8
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
Hart & Zindler 1986
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
14.88
ppm
Hofmann 1988
Hart & Zindler 1986
Silicate Earth
21
Sc
14.88
ppm
McDonough et al. 1992
Hofmann 1988
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
14.9
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Morgan et al. 1986
Nankai Trench
21
Sc
14.95
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
15
ppm
Condie 1993
Graywackes
21
Sc
15
ppm
Condie 1993
Graywackes
21
Sc
15
ppm
Condie 1993
Interior North China Craton
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Middle Continental Crust
21
Sc
15
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Gao et al. 1998
North American Shale Composite (NASC)
21
Sc
15
ppm
Condie 1993
North Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
15
55
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
15
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
Anderson 1983
Seawater
21
Sc
15
8
20
Bruland 1983
Slope Lisbourne Group
21
Sc
15
4
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Patton & Matzko 1959
South Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
15
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
15
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Gao et al. 1998
Australian Granite
21
Sc
15.2
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Collins et al. 1982
Pelites
21
Sc
15.4
69
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
15.6
ppm
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
15.6
ppm
Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
15.7
ppm
Condie 1993
Mexico Trench
21
Sc
15.74
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Johnstown Diogenite
21
Sc
15.8
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Wanke et al. 1977
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
15.8
ppm
Condie 1993
Balmuccia Spinel Lherzolites
21
Sc
15.9
3.1
18
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
15.9
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Glaser et al. 1999
Pelites
21
Sc
15.9
1341
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Basalts
21
Sc
16
3
ppm
Farmer 2004
Wilson et al. 1997
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
16
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Continental Crust
21
Sc
16
ppm
Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust
21
Sc
16
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust
21
Sc
16
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Wedepohl 1995
Danube River Particulates
21
Sc
16
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
16
ppm
Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
16
ppm
Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
16
ppm
Condie 1993
Greywackes
21
Sc
16
ppm
Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
16
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Shaw et al. 1994
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions
21
Sc
16
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
16
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
McDonough & Sun 1995
Shales
21
Sc
16
ppm
Condie 1993
Silicate Earth
21
Sc
16
µg/g
McDonough 1998
Silicate Earth
21
Sc
16
ppm
McDonough 2004
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
16.1
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Wedepohl 1991
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
16.2
1.62
ppm
McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth
21
Sc
16.2
1.62
ppm
McDonough & Sun 1995
Depleted Mantle
21
Sc
16.3
2.119
ppm
Salters & Stracke 2004
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
21
Sc
16.3
ppm
Condie 1993
Turbidites
21
Sc
16.48
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
16.5
ppm
Palme & O'Neill 2004
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
16.5
1.65
ppm
Palme & O'Neill 2004
Diatome Ooze
21
Sc
16.7
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
16.9
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Jagoutz et al. 1979
Alaska Trench
21
Sc
16.96
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Basalts
21
Sc
17
3
ppm
Farmer 2004
Chung et al. 1995
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
17
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Volcanics
21
Sc
17
ppm
Condie 1993
Graywackes
21
Sc
17
ppm
Condie 1993
Interior North China Craton
21
Sc
17
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Intermediate Mafic Archean Granulites
21
Sc
17
17
15
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
17
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Villaseca et al. 1999
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
17
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
Wanke et al. 1984
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
17
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun 1982
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
17
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Jagoutz et al. 1979
Shales
21
Sc
17
ppm
Condie 1993
Silicate Earth
21
Sc
17
ppm
McDonough et al. 1992
Jagoutz et al. 1979
Wanke et al. 1984
Silty Mud
21
Sc
17
16
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Cascadia Trench
21
Sc
17.06
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Clastic Turbidites
21
Sc
17.1
28
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Mud
21
Sc
17.1
6
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
17.1
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
McDonough & Sun 1989
Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
17.2
6
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Silicate Earth
21
Sc
17.3
ppm
McDonough et al. 1992
Sun 1982
Sun & McDonough 1989
McDonough & Frey 1989
Continental Crust
21
Sc
17.4
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Wedepohl 1991
Radiolarian Clay
21
Sc
17.5
8
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay
21
Sc
17.5
8
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Andesites
21
Sc
17.55
25
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Aleutian Trench
21
Sc
17.57
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Makran Trench
21
Sc
17.63
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Amazon River Particulates
21
Sc
18
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
Andesites
21
Sc
18
ppm
Condie 1993
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
18
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Dover Sandstone
21
Sc
18
4
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Cathcart & Schmidt 1974
East China Craton
21
Sc
18
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton
21
Sc
18
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
18
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
18
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
18
6
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
18
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
River Particulates
21
Sc
18
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
South Margin of North China Craton
21
Sc
18
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Barea Mesosiderite
21
Sc
18.19
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mason & Jarosewich 1973
Mittlefehldt in press
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
18.7
ppm
Kerr 2004
Salters et al. 1992
Kerm Trench
21
Sc
18.8
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Orangeite
21
Sc
18.8
114
ppm
Farmer 2004
Mitchell 1995
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
186
ppm
Kerr 2004
Kerr et al. 1996
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
19
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Continental Crust
21
Sc
19
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Gao et al. 1998a
East China Craton
21
Sc
19
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Interlayered Clay & Chert
21
Sc
19
12
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
19
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Marine Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
19
ppm
Li 1982
Marine Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
19
ppm
Li 1991
Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens
21
Sc
19
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Middle Continental Crust
21
Sc
19
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Middle Continental Crust
21
Sc
19
5
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
North Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
19
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Precambrian Granulites
21
Sc
19
88
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
19
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Palme & Nickel 1985
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
19
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
Palme & Nickel 1985
South Margin of North China Craton
21
Sc
19
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton
21
Sc
19
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Basalts
21
Sc
19.2
23
ppm
Farmer 2004
Paslick et al. 1995
Sera de Mage Eucrite
21
Sc
19.2
ppm
Morgan et al. 1978
Basalts
21
Sc
19.3
7
ppm
Farmer 2004
Price et al. 1997
Green Clay
21
Sc
19.3
3
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Basalts
21
Sc
19.5
6
ppm
Farmer 2004
Turner et al. 1996a
Mekong River Particulates
21
Sc
19.5
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
Mincy Mesosiderite
21
Sc
19.8
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mittlefehldt in press
Simpson & Ahrens 1977
Moore County Eucrite
21
Sc
19.8
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Estherville Mesosiderite
21
Sc
19.88
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mittlefehldt in press
Simpson & Ahrens 1977
Carbonates
21
Sc
2
2038
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Marine Shales
21
Sc
2
6
ppm
Altschuller 1980
North American Shale Composite (NASC)
La/Sc
2.07
Condie 1993
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
2.1
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Eggins et al. 1998
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
2.1
Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
2.1
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
La/Sc
2.1
Condie 1993
Colombia Trench
21
Sc
2.15
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Early Archean Upper Crust
La/Sc
2.2
Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
La/Sc
2.2
Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust
La/Sc
2.2
Condie 1993
Shales
La/Sc
2.22
Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust
La/Sc
2.3
Condie 1993
Shales
La/Sc
2.37
Condie 1993
Sandstones
21
Sc
2.4
ppm
Condie 1993
Silicified Limestone
21
Sc
2.5
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Chert
21
Sc
2.7
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Early Archean Upper Crust
La/Sc
2.7
Condie 1993
Interlayered Chert & Limestone
21
Sc
2.7
5
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Late Archean Upper Crust
La/Sc
2.8
Condie 1993
Active Continental Rifts
21
Sc
20
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Andesites
21
Sc
20
ppm
Condie 1993
Andesites
21
Sc
20
ppm
Condie 1993
Andesites
21
Sc
20
ppm
Condie 1993
Andesites
21
Sc
20
ppm
Condie 1993
Archean Terrains
21
Sc
20
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Intermediate Precambrian Granulites
21
Sc
20
26
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
20
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Liu et al. 2001
South Margin of North China Craton
21
Sc
20
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton
21
Sc
20
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Basalts
21
Sc
20.1
9
ppm
Farmer 2004
Hoang & Flower 1998
Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
20.3
8
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
20.4
1
13
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Chaunskij Mesosiderite
21
Sc
20.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mittlefehldt in press
Petaev et al. 2000
Frankfort Howardites
21
Sc
20.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
McCarthy et al. 1972
Palme et al. 1978
Basalts
21
Sc
20.6
4
ppm
Farmer 2004
Chung 1999
Diorite
21
Sc
20.6
260
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Kapoeta Howardites
21
Sc
20.7
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Wanke et al. 1972
Brown Clay
21
Sc
20.9
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Continental Arc Andesite
21
Sc
20.98
41
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
ALH 77005 Meteorite
21
Sc
21
1
ppm
McSween, Jr. 2004
Lodders 1998
Early Archean Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
21
Condie 1993
Magdalena River Particulates
21
Sc
21
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
North Qinling Belt in China
21
Sc
21
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Paleozoic Orogens
21
Sc
21
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Rifted Continental Margins
21
Sc
21
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Shales
21
Sc
21
ppm
Condie 1993
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
21.2
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Ionov et al. 1997
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
21.4
0.9
13
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Intermediate Granulites
21
Sc
21.8
136
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Continental Crust
21
Sc
21.9
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust
21
Sc
21.9
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust
21
Sc
21.9
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Andesites
21
Sc
22
ppm
Condie 1993
Basalts
21
Sc
22
8
ppm
Farmer 2004
Zhang & O'Reilly 1997
Continental Crust
21
Sc
22
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust
21
Sc
22
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Taylor 1964
Continental Crust
21
Sc
22
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Shields & Platforms
21
Sc
22
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Early Archean Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
22
Condie 1993
Intermediate Mafic Granulitic Xenolites
21
Sc
22
19
19
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Middle Continental Crust
21
Sc
22
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Middle Continental Crust
21
Sc
22
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Tonga Trench
21
Sc
22
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Andesites
21
Sc
23
ppm
Condie 1993
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
23
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton
21
Sc
23
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Metapelitic Granulitic Xenolites
21
Sc
23
19
32
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Serra De Mage Eucrite
21
Sc
23.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Basalts
21
Sc
23.7
27
ppm
Farmer 2004
Farmer et al. 2002
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
24
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Continental Arcs
21
Sc
24
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Cratonic Xenoliths
21
Sc
24
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Gregoire et al. 2002
Igneous Rocks
21
Sc
24
ppm
Morgan et al. 1978
Schmitt et al. 1972
Miles IIE Iron
21
Sc
24.1
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Ebihara et al. 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts
21
Sc
24.1
7
ppm
Farmer 2004
Wooden et al. 1993
Ryuku Trench
21
Sc
24.16
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
25
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Wedepohl 1995
Miles IIE Iron
21
Sc
25
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Ebihara et al. 1997
Basalts
21
Sc
25.3
12
ppm
Farmer 2004
Dungan et al. 1986
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
25.3
ppm
Wedepohl 1995
Parana River Particulates
21
Sc
25.4
µg/g
Martin & Meybeck 1979
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
258
ppm
Kerr 2004
Kerr et al. 1996
Central East China Craton
21
Sc
26
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Granulites
21
Sc
26
24
159
ppm
Rudnick & Presper 1990
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
26
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Gao et al. 1998a
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions
21
Sc
26
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens
21
Sc
26
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Island Arc Andesite
21
Sc
26.14
18
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Petersburg Eucrites
21
Sc
26.15
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mason et al. 1979
Buchanan & Reid 1996
Malvern Howardites
21
Sc
26.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Palme et al. 1978
Andes Basalt
21
Sc
26.54
28
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
26.9
0.3
42
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Intermediate Mafic Post-Archean Granulites
21
Sc
27
27
41
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Basalts
21
Sc
27.3
13
ppm
Farmer 2004
Robert et al. 1992
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
27.3
ppm
Kerr 2004
Basalts
21
Sc
27.4
10
ppm
Farmer 2004
Chung et al. 2001
Andesites
21
Sc
27.9
50
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Plank & Langmuir 1988
Active Continental Rifts
21
Sc
28
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Komatiites
21
Sc
28
ppm
Condie 1993
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
28
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Condie & Selverstone 1999
Paleozoic Orogens
21
Sc
28
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
28.3
ppm
Kerr 2004
Aitken & Echeverria 1984
Dupre & Echeverria 1984
Jochum et al. 1991
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
29
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Ionov 1996
Juvinas Eucrite
21
Sc
29
ppm
Morgan et al. 1978
Schmitt et al. 1972
Wanke et al. 1972
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
29
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Rudnick & Presper 1990
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts
21
Sc
29
1
ppm
Farmer 2004
Peate 1997
Ibitira Eucrite
21
Sc
29.1
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Jarosewich 1990
Barrat et al. 2000
Macibini Eucrites
21
Sc
29.2
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
McCarthy et al. 1973
Buchanan et al. 2000b
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
29.3
0.1
86
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Stannern Eucrite
21
Sc
29.4
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Basalts
21
Sc
29.5
44
ppm
Farmer 2004
Baker et al. 1997
Australian Granite
21
Sc
3
6
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Turner et al. 1992
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
3.08
0.01
Palme & Jones 2004
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
3.1
Condie 1993
Solar Photosphere
21
Sc
3.1
0.09
Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar Photosphere
21
Sc
3.17
0.1
Palme & Jones 2004
Grevesse & Sauval 1998
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
3.2
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
3.2
Condie 1993
Continental Crust
Zn/Sc
3.29
Salters & Stracke 2004
Interlayerd Clay & Chert
21
Sc
3.3
2
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
3.3
Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
3.3
Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
3.3
Condie 1993
Izu-Bonin Trench
21
Sc
3.81
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
3.9
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Eggins et al. 1998
Granites
21
Sc
3.9
1226
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
3.9
Condie 1993
Alborz Mountains
21
Sc
30
3
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Aval et al. 1968
Archean Terrains
21
Sc
30
ppm
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust
21
Sc
30
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust
21
Sc
30
ppm
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust
21
Sc
30
ppm
Palme & O'Neill 2004
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Shields & Platforms
21
Sc
30
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Island Arcs
21
Sc
30
ppm
Taylor & McLennan 1995
North American Shale Composite (NASC)
21
Sc
30
ppm
Morgan et al. 1978
Y-74450 Eucrites
21
Sc
30
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Wanke et al. 1977
Fresh MORB in Indian Ocean
21
Sc
30.3
ppm
Klein 2004
Klein et al. 1991
Basalts
21
Sc
30.4
16
ppm
Farmer 2004
Rogers et al. 1998
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
30.8
ppm
Kerr 2004
Kerr et al. 2002
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
31
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
31
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
31
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
31
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Solar System
21
Sc
31
Anders & Ebihara 1982
Cameron 1982
Pelagic Clay
21
Sc
31.1
3
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
31.2
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Eggins et al. 1998
North American Shale Composite (NASC)
21
Sc
31.5
ppm
Morgan et al. 1978
Wanke & Palme 1974
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
31.5
1
17
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Mafic Intrusions
21
Sc
31.8
308
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts
21
Sc
32.2
9
ppm
Farmer 2004
Wooden et al. 1993
Continental Arc Andesite
21
Sc
32.51
110
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Basalts
21
Sc
33
ppm
Condie 1993
Basalts
21
Sc
33
ppm
Condie 1993
Continental Arcs
21
Sc
33
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
33
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Rudnick & Taylor 1987
Rifted Continental Margins
21
Sc
33
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Central American Basalts
21
Sc
33.2
13
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Greater Antilles Basalt
21
Sc
33.21
14
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Nuevo Laredo Eucrite
21
Sc
33.3
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Warren & Jerde 1987
N-MORB
21
Sc
33.6
ppm
Klein 2004
Thompson et al. 1980
ODP Site 735
21
Sc
33.6
33.8
22
ppm
Hart et al. 1999
Marianas Basalt
21
Sc
33.64
15
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
33.8
ppm
Kerr 2004
Salters et al. 1992
Solar System
21
Sc
33.8
3.042
15
Anders & Ebihara 1982
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
335
ppm
Kerr 2004
Hauff et al. 2000
Granulitic Xenolites
21
Sc
34
35
98
ppm
Rudnick & Presper 1990
Solar System
21
Sc
34.2
2.736
18
Anders & Grevesse 1989
Cascade Basalt
21
Sc
34.24
5
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Metalliferous Clay
21
Sc
34.4
12
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts
21
Sc
34.4
36
ppm
Farmer 2004
Hooper & Hawkesworth 1993
Scotia Island Basalt
21
Sc
34.45
11
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
34.5
ppm
Kerr 2004
Salters et al. 1992
Sioux County Eucrite
21
Sc
34.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Lesser Antilles Basalt
21
Sc
34.76
44
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Basalts
21
Sc
35
ppm
Condie 1993
Basalts
21
Sc
35
ppm
Condie 1993
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
35
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Mafic Granulitic Xenolites
21
Sc
35
34
92
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Kamchatka Basalt
21
Sc
35.33
40
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
35.4
1.1
16
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Kermadec Basalts
21
Sc
35.8
10
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
353
ppm
Kerr 2004
Reynaud et al. 1999
Angrite LEW 87051
21
Sc
36
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990
Basic Precambrian Granulites
21
Sc
36
25
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
E-MORB
21
Sc
36
ppm
Klein 2004
Lehnert 2000
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
36
ppm
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Ultrabasic Precambrian Granulites
21
Sc
36
14
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Luzon Basalt
21
Sc
36.32
5
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Island Arc Andesite
21
Sc
36.37
112
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Carbonaceous Chondrites
Sc/Yb
36.4
1.8
McDonough & Sun 1995
Boninites
21
Sc
36.45
54
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts
21
Sc
36.75
45
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
CI Chondrites
Sc/Yb
36.8
McDonough & Sun 1995
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
36.9
ppm
Kerr 2004
Mahoney et al. 1995
Basalts
21
Sc
37
ppm
Condie 1993
Basalts
21
Sc
37
ppm
Condie 1993
Mavic Volcanics
21
Sc
37
632
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Ordinary Chondrites
Sc/Yb
37.7
1.9
McDonough & Sun 1995
Enstatite Chondrites
Sc/Yb
37.9
3.1
McDonough & Sun 1995
New Hebrides Islands
21
Sc
38
14
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
38.7
1.4
7
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Aleutian Basalts
21
Sc
38.71
20
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
38.9
ppm
Kerr 2004
Salters et al. 1992
Mafic Archean Granulites
21
Sc
39
41
23
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
39.5
0.5
31
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Cratonic Xenoliths
21
Sc
4
4
3
232
Pearson et al. 2004
Granites
21
Sc
4
ppm
Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
4
Condie 1993
Solar Corona
21
Sc
4.04
0.4
Anders & Grevesse 1989
Breneman & Stone 1985
Solar Corona
21
Sc
4.04
0.4
Anders & Grevesse 1989
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
4.1
Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust
Cr/Sc
4.2
Condie 1993
Chert
21
Sc
4.4
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Qingzhen Enstatite Chondrite
21
Sc
4.4
µg/g
Grossman et al. 1985
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
4.42
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Glaser et al. 1999
Granites
21
Sc
4.7
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Sylvester 1995
Primitive Mantle
V/Sc
4.7
McDonough 1990
McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun & McDonough 1989
Sun 1982
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites
21
Sc
4.7
355
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Martin 1995
Carbonate
21
Sc
4.8
13
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Chassigny Achondrite
21
Sc
4.8
0.1
ppm
Boynton et al. 1976
Havero Urelite
21
Sc
4.9
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Wanke et al. 1972
Radiolarites
21
Sc
4.9
17
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Ureilite Primitive Achondrites
21
Sc
4.9
ppm
Boynton et al. 1976
Mason 1971
Basalts
21
Sc
40
ppm
Condie 1993
Lower Continental Crust
21
Sc
40
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Taylor & McLennan 1981
Oceanic Crust
21
Sc
40
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Wedepohl 1981
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
40
ppm
Kerr 2004
Tejada et al. 2002
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts
21
Sc
40
1
ppm
Farmer 2004
Peate 1997
D'Orbigny Angrite
21
Sc
40.3
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mittlefehldt et al. 2002
Oceanic Crust
21
Sc
41
ppm
Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Hofmann 1988
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
41
ppm
Kerr 2004
Tejada et al. 2002
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
41.1
ppm
Kerr 2004
Aitken & Echeverria 1984
Dupre & Echeverria 1984
Jochum et al. 1991
N-MORB
21
Sc
41.37
4.054
26
ppm
Hofmann 1988
Jochum et al. 1988
N-MORB
21
Sc
41.37
ppm
Hart et al. 1999
Hofmann 1988
Ito et al. 1987
Smith et al. 1995
Hauri & Hart 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts
21
Sc
42
1
ppm
Farmer 2004
Peate 1997
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
42.2
ppm
Kerr 2004
Kerr et al. 1997
Hauff et al. 2000
N-MORB
21
Sc
42.3
ppm
Klein 2004
Niu et al. 1999
Cratonic Xenoliths
21
Sc
43
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Gergoire et al. 2002
Transitional Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts
21
Sc
43
ppm
Klein 2004
Lehnert 2000
Amphibolites
21
Sc
43.2
189
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Mafic Granulites
21
Sc
43.7
128
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
43.7
0.5
31
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
N-MORB
21
Sc
44
ppm
Klein 2004
Lehnert 2000
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
44.4
ppm
Kerr 2004
Kerr et al. 1997
Hauff et al. 2000
Tongan Basalts
21
Sc
44.58
9
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Mafic Post-Archean Granulites
21
Sc
45
43
33
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
45
1
7
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
45.9
ppm
Kerr 2004
Mahoney et al. 1993
N-MORB
21
Sc
48
ppm
Klein 2004
Lehnert 2000
QUE 94201 Meteorite
21
Sc
48
2
ppm
McSween, Jr. 2004
Lodders 1998
Protolith Gabbros at ODP Site 735
21
Sc
48.1
8
ppm
Hart et al. 1999
Angrite Angra Dos Reis
21
Sc
49.6
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990
Granites
21
Sc
5
ppm
Condie 1993
Granites
21
Sc
5
ppm
Condie 1993
Granites
21
Sc
5
8
ppm
Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004
Kemp 2001
Mishash Formation
21
Sc
5
3
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Mazor 1963
Spinel Peridotites
V/Sc
5
4.7
1.1
113
McDonough 1990
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites
21
Sc
5
ppm
Condie 1993
Kamchatka Trench
21
Sc
5.09
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
5.1
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Ionov et al. 1997
Chassigny Meteorite
21
Sc
5.3
0.4
ppm
McSween, Jr. 2004
Lodders 1998
Orgueil Chondrite
21
Sc
5.3
µg/g
Grossman et al. 1985
Granites
21
Sc
5.4
402
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
Middle Continental Crust
21
Sc
5.4
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Shaw et al. 1994
Orgueil Chondrite
21
Sc
5.76
10
ppm
Anders & Ebihara 1982
Winonaite Pontlyfni
21
Sc
5.79
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Graham et al. 1977
Davis et al. 1977
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.8
ppm
McDonough & Sun 1995
Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.82
ppm
Palme & Jones 2004
Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.82
0.501
18
ppm
Anders & Grevesse 1989
Orgueil Chondrite
21
Sc
5.83
12
ppm
Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.9
0.177
ppm
Palme & Jones 2004
Palme & Beer 1993
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.9
ppm
McDonough & Sun 1995
Palme 1988
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.9
0.177
ppm
Palme & O'Neill 2004
Palme & Jones 2004
IAB Campo del Cielo
21
Sc
5.9
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Bild 1977
Radiolarites
21
Sc
5.9
4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.92
ppm
McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
5.98
ppm
McDonough & Frey 1989
Palme et al. 1981
Anders & Ebihara 1982
Beer et al. 1984
Jochum et al. 1986
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
50
ppm
Kerr 2004
Tejada et al. 1996
Nakhla Meteorite
21
Sc
51
4
ppm
McSween, Jr. 2004
Lodders 1998
Shergotty Meteorite
21
Sc
52
7
ppm
McSween, Jr. 2004
Lodders 1998
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
52
2
6
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Oceanic Plateaus
21
Sc
52.3
ppm
Kerr 2004
Mahoney et al. 1993
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks
21
Sc
57
2
6
ppm
Kelemen et al. 2004
Bone Valley Formation
21
Sc
6
8
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Felsic Archean Granulites
21
Sc
6
5
91
ppm
Rudnick & Fountain 1995
La Caja Formation
21
Sc
6
8
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Rogers et al. 1956
Y-791491 Lodranite
21
Sc
6.07
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Weigel et al. 1999
Goalpara Ureilite
21
Sc
6.3
0.1
ppm
Boynton et al. 1976
Ureilite Primitive Achondrites
21
Sc
6.3
ppm
Boynton et al. 1976
Mason 1971
DSDP/ODP Site 800
21
Sc
6.4
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Aubres Aubrite
21
Sc
6.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Easton 1985
Wolf et al. 1983
Shallowater Aubrite
21
Sc
6.8
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Easton 1985
Keil et al. 1989
Marianas Trench
21
Sc
6.94
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
60.2
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Eggins et al. 1998
Precambrian Canadian Shield
21
Sc
7
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Pungo River Formation
21
Sc
7
2
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
7
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
7
µg/g
Rudnick & Gao 2004
Shaw et al. 1967
Shaw et al. 1976
Upper Continental Crust
21
Sc
7
ppm
Wedepohl 1995
ALHA 81101 Urelite
21
Sc
7.2
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Spitz & Boynton 1991
Carbonate Turbidites
21
Sc
7.2
87
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
EET 84302 Acapulcoite
21
Sc
7.35
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Weigel et al. 1999
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites
21
Sc
7.4
641
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
DSDP/ODP Site 801
21
Sc
7.48
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central America Trench
21
Sc
7.67
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
ALHA 77257 Urelite
21
Sc
7.7
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Jarosewich 1990
Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Spitz & Boynton 1991
EET 83309 Urelite
21
Sc
7.8
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Warren & Kallemeyn 1989b
Upper Continental Crust
Cr/Sc
7.8
Condie 1993
Enstatite Chondrites
Ti/Sc
74
7
McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites
Ti/Sc
74.3
McDonough & Sun 1995
Carbonaceous Chondrites
Ti/Sc
75
6
McDonough & Sun 1995
Ordinary Chondrites
Ti/Sc
75
3
McDonough & Sun 1995
Brown Rock
21
Sc
8
3
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Oceanic Island Xenoliths
21
Sc
8
9
2
16
Pearson et al. 2004
Silicic Precambrian Granulites
21
Sc
8
23
ppm
Shaw et al. 1986
Winonaite Tierra Blanca
21
Sc
8.03
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985
Jarosweich 1990
Novo-Urei Ureilite
21
Sc
8.1
0.1
ppm
Boynton et al. 1976
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
8.2
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Ionov 1996
META 78008 Urelite
21
Sc
8.4
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Upper Continental Crust
Cr/Sc
8.4
Condie 1993
Acapulcoite Primitive Achondrites
21
Sc
8.5
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Yanai & Kojima 1991
Zipfel et al. 1995
Kenna Ureilite
21
Sc
8.5
0.1
ppm
Boynton et al. 1976
Volcanoclastic Turbidites
21
Sc
8.5
13
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
CI Chondrites
21
Sc
8.55
ppm
McDonough et al. 1992
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites
21
Sc
8.8
553
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
MAC 88177 Lodranite
21
Sc
8.97
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Weigel et al. 1999
Pena Blanca Spring Aubrite
21
Sc
9
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Wolf et al. 1983
Lodders et al. 1993
Arenaceous Rocks
21
Sc
9.2
2754
ppm
Gao et al. 1998
IAB Landes
21
Sc
9.3
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Bild 1977
CI Chondrites
V/Sc
9.4
McDonough 1990
McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun & McDonough 1989
Sun 1982
Diatom Oozes & Clay
21
Sc
9.9
15
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Shalka Diogenite
21
Sc
9.9
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
McCarthy et al. 1972
Mittlefehldt 1994
South Sandwich Trench
21
Sc
9.91
ppm
Plank & Langmuir 1998
Watson IIE Iron
21
Sc
9.972
µg/g
Mittlefehldt 2004
Olsen et al. 1994
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths
21
Sc
94.4
ppm
Pearson et al. 2004
Eggins et al. 1998
Garnet Peridotites
21
Sc
6
ppm
McDonough 1991
Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Jordan 1979
Boyd 1989
McDonough 1990
Marine Shales
21
Sc
0.3
5.8
6
ppm
Altschuller 1980
Oceans Surface water
21
Sc
0.4
1
ng/kg
Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983
Brewer et al. 1972
Periodotite Section in Ophiolites
21
Sc
14.1
ppm
McDonough 1991
Phosphoria Formation
21
Sc
10
ppm
Gulbrandsen 1966
Primitive Mantle
21
Sc
17.3
ppm
McDonough 1991
McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun 1982
Seawater
21
Sc
1
ng/kg
Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983
Brewer et al. 1972
Spinel Peridotites
21
Sc
12
ppm
McDonough 1991
Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Jordan 1979
Boyd 1989
McDonough 1990
Ureilite Primitive Achondrites
21
Sc
3.9
6.9
ppm
Boynton et al. 1976
Mason 1971