GERM Reservoir Database
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GERM Database Search Results        
Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s)
Orgueil Chondrite 7 N 3180         4 ppm Solar system abundances of major and minor elements as based on studies from the Orgueil Meteorite. Abundances in the Orgueil meteorite are adequately close to the C1 chondrite mean except for REE, in which case other studies will yield more preferable results Anders & Ebihara 1982 Gibson et al. 1971
Solar System 7 N 2310000             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982
Solar System 7 N 2480000   992000         Anders & Ebihara 1982
Comet Halley 7 N 8.05   0.12         Logarithmic abundance relative to log N(H) = 12.00. Normalized to Mg = 7.58. This estimates combines the measurement of both the dust and gas components in the comet Halley. Anders & Grevesse 1989 Jessberger et al. 1988
Comet Halley 7 N 8.05   0.12         Logarithmic abundance relative to log N(H) = 12.00. Normalized to Mg = 7.58. This estimates combines the measurement of both the dust and gas components in the comet Halley. Anders & Grevesse 1989 Jessberger et al. 1988
Comet Halley 7 N 7.88             Elemental abundances found in Comet Halley as measured by Delsemme 1988. Anders & Grevesse 1989 Delsemme 1988
Comet Halley 7 N 7.59   0.4         Elemental abundances found in Comet Halley as measured by Geiss 1987. Anders & Grevesse 1989 Geiss 1987
Orgueil Chondrite 7 N 3180         4 ppm Orgueil meteorite measurements. Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar Corona 7 N 7.4   0.06         Based on the measurement of solar energetic particles. Adopted solar corona values corrected for residual charge/mass fractionation. Normalized to Log A(Si) = 7.55 based on the photospheric scale. Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar Corona 7 N 7.55   0.23         Coronal spectroscopic results apply variously to the ordinary quiet coronas, active regions, coronal holes or prominences. Found that coronal abundances do not differ from photospheric abundances by more than their uncertainties. Anders & Grevesse 1989 Meyer 1985
Solar Corona 7 N 7.4   0.03         SEP values corrected for the Q/M-depenent fractionation which depend on the assumed Fe/Si ratio. For the most part these values are quite accurate they generally agree with Solar Wind values and lie within the errors of the specroscopic data. Anders & Grevesse 1989 Breneman & Stone 1985
Solar Photosphere 7 N 8.05   0.04         Abundances in Solar Photosphere; in original table: log N(H) = 12.00 Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 7 N 3130000             Solar atomic abundances. Values are not normalised to 100% but they are relative to 10E6 Silica atoms. Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar Wind 7 N 7.42   0.15         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Bochsler 1987
Seawater 7 N 580             N (dissolved N2). Broeker & Peng 1982
Seawater 7 N 30             N03. Broeker & Peng 1982
Halley Comet Tail   N/C 0.06             Relative atomic abundances of gas and dust from Comet Halley as given in elemental ratios from Grun & Jessberger 1990. Brownlee 2004 Grun & Jessberger 1990
Halley Comet Tail   N/C       0.03 0.06     Relative atomic abundances of gas and dust from Comet Halley as given in elemental ratios from Geiss 1988. Brownlee 2004 Geiss 1988
Halley Comet Tail   N/C 0.2             Relative atomic abundances of gas and dust in the solar system as given in elemental ratios from Heubner 2002. Brownlee 2004 Huebner 2002
Halley Comet Tail   N/Mg 2.3             Relative atomic abundances of gas and dust in the solar system as given in elemental ratios from Heubner 2002. Brownlee 2004 Huebner 2002
Halley Comet Tail   N/Mg 0.7             Relative atomic abundances of gas and dust from Comet Halley as given in elemental ratios from Grun & Jessberger 1990. Brownlee 2004 Grun & Jessberger 1990
Halley Comet Tail   N/Mg       0.4 0.8     Relative atomic abundances of gas and dust from Comet Halley as given in elemental ratios from Geiss 1988. Brownlee 2004 Geiss 1988
Seawater 7 N 30     0.1 45     Nutrient distribution type. NO3[1-] and also N2 are the probable main species in oxygenated seawater. Range and average concentrations normalized to 35¿ salinity. Bruland 1983
Solar System 7 N 2.45             Solar system abundances of major rock forming elements relative to silicon and taken from Palme & Jones Chapter 1.03 of the Treatise of Geochemistry 2004. Clayton 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
Venus Atmosphere   14N/15N 273   56         Isotopic composition of Venus' atmosphere as obtained by Pioneer Venus Mass Spectroscopy. Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Atmosphere 7 N 3.5   0.028       wt% Abundance of various elements, isotopes and compounds to give a representative chemical composition model of the atmosphere found on Venus. Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Manganese Nodules 7 N 200           ppm Average concentrations of various elements found in deep sea Manganese nodules.  Sea salt components are subtracted assuming all chloride is of seawater origin. Li 1991 Baturin 1988
Marine Organisms 7 N 18000           ppm Concentration values of various elements found in marine organisms. Element concentrations are mainly from brown algae data from Bowen 1979, which are also indicative of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Li 1991 Bowen 1979
Marine Pelagic Clay 7 N 600           ppm Average concentrations for various elements enriched in Oceanic Pelagic Clays.  Compared to the element values of Shales, the Pelagic Clays are relatively similar with few exceptions.   All sea salt components are subtracted from the sample analysis assuming all chloride is of seawater origin. Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Baturin 1988
Marine Shales 7 N 1000           ppm Average concentrations of various elements in shales, note that the values are within a factor of two or better as compared to Oceanic Pelagic Clays with a few exceptions.  The exceptions, as far as this reference is concerned, are not critical and any conclusions drawn are applicable to both Oceanic Pelagic Clays and Shales.  Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Vinogradov 1959
Seawater 7 N 420000             Elemental average concentrations of the deep Atlantic and deep Pacific waters summarized by Whitfield & Turner 1987.  Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987
Jupiter Atmosphere 7 N       3 4     Abundances of major element species in the atmosphere of Jupiter with the values expressed as relative to solar abundance. See Source citations for abundance values in absolute units. Nitrogen value as Ammonia NH4. Lunine 2004 Atreya et al. 1999b
Gautier et al. 2001
Noll et al. 1989
Fink et al. 1978
Neptune Atmosphere 7 N       20 40     Abundances of major element species in the atmosphere of Neptune with the values expressed as relative to solar abundance. See Source citations for abundance values in absolute units. Nitrogen is given as Ammonia, NH3. Lunine 2004 Gautier et al. 1995
Saturn Atmosphere 7 N       0.5 3     Abundances of major element species in the atmosphere of Saturn with the values expressed as relative to solar abundance. See Source citations for abundance values in absolute units. Nitrogen is given as Ammonium NH3. Lunine 2004 Atreya et al. 1999b
Gautier et al. 2001
Noll et al. 1989
Fink et al. 1978
Uranus Atmosphere 7 N       1       Abundances of major element species in the atmosphere of Uranus with the values expressed as relative to solar abundance. See Source citations for abundance values in absolute units. Nitrogen is given as Ammonia, NH3. Lunine 2004 Gautier et al. 1995
Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 7 N 0.01         8 wt%ox Composition of Blake plateau phosphorite and comparable deposits. Data was taken from analyses of composites of 8 phosphorites. Semi-quantitative or uncertain value. Manheim et al. 1980
CI Chondrites 7 N 3180           ppm Based on measurements on 3 out of 5 carbonaceous chrondrites namely Orgueil, Ivuna and Alais. McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites 7 N 3.18           ppm C1 Carbonaceous chondrite major and minor element compositions as given in Palme 1988. These values are given in an effort to accurately represent the C1 chondrites as based on an array of sources and derive a revised model for the composition of the Earth. McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988
CI Chondrites 7 N 1500           ppm C1 Carbonaceous chondrite major and minor element compositions as given in Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988. These values are given in an effort to accurately represent the C1 chondrites as based on an array of sources and derive a revised model for the composition of the Earth. McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988
Primitive Mantle 7 N 2           ppm Pyrolite model for the silicate Earth composition based on peridotites, komatiites and basalts. Error estimate is subjective. McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth 7 N 2           ppm Pyrolite model for the silicate Earth composition based on peridotites, komatiites and basalts. Error estimate is subjective. McDonough & Sun 1995
Core 7 N 170           µg/g Compostioinal models for the bulk Earth, core and silicate Earth are modified after McDonough & Sun (1995). McDonough 1998
Silicate Earth 7 N 2           µg/g Compostioinal models for the bulk Earth, core and silicate Earth are modified after McDonough & Sun (1995). McDonough 1998
Solid Earth 7 N 55           µg/g Compostioinal models for the bulk Earth, core and silicate Earth are modified after McDonough & Sun (1995). McDonough 1998
Core 7 N 75           ppm Elemental composition of the Earth's core as given in ppm unless stated as wt. %. McDonough 2004
Silicate Earth 7 N 2           ppm Composition of the Silicate Earth as given by elemental abundances in ppm (and wt%). McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 7 N 25           ppm Bulk elemental composition of the Solid Earth with concentrations given in ppm (and wt% where noted). McDonough 2004
Mars Atmosphere   15N/14N 63   16         Elemental and Isotopic composition of the Martian atmosphere as modeled by Bogard et al. 2001. Isotopic values are given as ratios where elements are given in respect to gas compounds such as CO2, N2, etc. McSween, Jr. 2004 Bogard et al. 2001
Mars Atmosphere 7 N 2.7             Elemental and Isotopic composition of the Martian atmosphere as modeled by Bogard et al. 2001. Isotopic values are given as ratios where elements are given in respect to gas compounds such as CO2, N2, etc. McSween, Jr. 2004 Bogard et al. 2001
SNC Meteorites   15N/14N         50     Isotopic ratio of the Martian Atmosphere as studied by Bogard et al. 2001 using SNC (Shergotty Nakhla Chassigny Meteorite) glasses. Isotopic values are given as ratios with % terrestrial or % solar values depending on the isotope itself. McSween, Jr. 2004 Bogard et al. 2001
Rivers 7 N 375             Average total river concentrations of dissolved Nitrogen according to Natural Transportation given in migrograms per liter.   Value represents the total amount of dissolved organic and inorganic nitrogen (both from Atmospheric and Carbonate Weathering origins). Meybeck 1982
CI Chondrites 7 N 3180   318       ppm Abundance of elements in the solar system based off of Palme & Beer 1993 study of CI meteorites. Elements imcompletely condensed in CI meteorites. Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993
CI Chondrites 7 N 6.32   0.04         CI Meteorite derived solar system abundances of various elements. Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 7 N 0.32           wt% Abundance of elements in the solar system from Anders & Grevesse 1989 study of CI meteorites. Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989
Intra Stellar Medium 7 N 7.9   1.185         Abundance of highly volatile elements in the gas phase of Inter Stellar Medium (ISM) as viewed in the direction of Ophiucus star. ISM is viewed as cool gas. Palme & Jones 2004 Savage & Sembach 1996
Solar Photosphere 7 N 7.93   0.11         Elemental solar photospheric abundances as given by various references. Palme & Jones 2004 Holweger 2001
Solar System 7 N 7.93   2.379         Solar system abundance of volatile and refractory elements based on calculations from Palme & Jones 2004 on Highly Volatile elements. Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 7 N 3180   318       ppm Composition of the Primitive Mantle of the Earth as based on CI Chondritic major and trace element compositions from Chapter 1.03 Palme & Jones 2004 Treatise of Geochemistry. Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
Primitive Mantle 7 N 2           ppm Elemental composition of the Primitive Mantle of the Earth as given from this study and other various sources. These elemental values are compared to those of CI Chondrites given by Palme & Jones 2004 Treatise of Geochemistry. Comments given by the authors in reference to these values: Mass balance. Standard deviations are uncertain and greater than 50%. Palme & O'Neill 2004 Zhang & Zindler 1993
Planets 7 N 1.4e-07             Abundance of volatiles in the atmospheres of terrestrial planets. In this case, the value is for the atmosphere of Venus and is measured as a ratio of moles to the mass of the planet itself (mol/g-planet) where the planet is given in grams in the actual table. These values were originally given by Ozima and Podosek 2001. Porcelli & Pepin Ozima & Podosek 2001
Planets 7 N 4.2e-11             Abundance of volatiles in the atmospheres of terrestrial planets. In this case, the value is for the atmosphere of Mars and is measured as a ratio of moles to the mass of the planet itself (mol/g-planet) where the planet is given in grams in the actual table. These values were originally given by Ozima and Podosek 2001. Porcelli & Pepin Ozima & Podosek 2001
Planets 7 N 2.31e-08             Abundance of volatiles in the atmospheres of terrestrial planets. In this case, the value is for the atmosphere of Earth and is measured as a ratio of moles to the mass of the planet itself (mol/g-planet) where the planet is given in grams in the actual table. These values were originally given by Ozima and Podosek 2001. Porcelli & Pepin Ozima & Podosek 2001
Atmosphere 7 N 2.76e+20             Global inventory for atmospheric volatiles as measured in moles. Based on dry tropospheric air. Porcelli & Turekian 2004 Ozima & Podosek 2001
Silicate Earth 7 N 4e+19             Global inventory for crustal volatiles as measured in moles. Porcelli & Turekian 2012 Marty & Dauphas 2003
Atmosphere   14N 0.0037             Isotopic compositions of Earth Atmosphere as given in relative abundances of noble-gas and major volatiles. Porcelli & Turekian 2014 Ozima & Podosek 2001
Porcelli et al. 2002
Atmosphere   15N 1             Isotopic compositions of Earth Atmosphere as given in relative abundances of noble-gas and major volatiles. Porcelli & Turekian 2014 Ozima & Podosek 2001
Porcelli et al. 2002
Atmosphere 7 N       0.001 10000   ppm Mole fraction of NH3: Ammonia gas in dry air. Major sources for these gases in the atmosphere range from biological sources to antropogenic. Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 7 N       1 10000   ppm Mole fraction of NOx: Nitrogen oxides gas in dry air. Major sources for these gases in the atmosphere range from biological sources to antropogenic. Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 7 N 0.31           ppm Mole fraction of N2O: Nitrous oxide gas in dry air. Major sources for these gases in the atmosphere range from biological sources to antropogenic. Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 7 N 78.084             Mole fraction of N2: Nitrogen gas in dry air. Major sources for these gases in the atmosphere range from biological sources to antropogenic. Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Oceans Deep water 7 N 560             Deep ocean water is ~1,000 m depth. Where possible data is from the Pacific ocean that shows the greates variations; otherwhise data is from the Atlantic ocean. Species = N2. Depth = 995 m. Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Craig et al. 1967
Oceans Deep water 7 N 41             Deep ocean water is ~1,000 m depth. Where possible data is from the Pacific ocean that shows the greates variations; otherwhise data is from the Atlantic ocean. Species = NO3. Depth = 891 m. Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979
Oceans Surface water 7 N 0             Surface or near-surface concentratio. Where possible data is from the Pacific ocean that shows the greates variations; otherwhise data is from the Atlantic ocean. Species = NO3. Depth = 22 m. Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979
Seawater 7 N 590             This mean ocean concentratio has been calculated based on the correlation expressions in Table 1, assuming a salinity of 35¿, a nitrate concentratio of 30 ¿mol/kg, a phosphate concentratio of 2 ¿mol/kg and a silicate concentratio of 110 ¿mol/kg. Species = N2. Where possible data is from the Pacific ocean that shows the greates variations; otherwhise data is from the Atlantic ocean. Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Craig et al. 1967
Seawater 7 N 30             This mean ocean concentratio has been calculated based on the correlation expressions in Table 1, assuming a salinity of 35¿, a nitrate concentratio of 30 ¿mol/kg, a phosphate concentratio of 2 ¿mol/kg and a silicate concentratio of 110 ¿mol/kg. Species = NO3. Where possible data is from the Pacific ocean that shows the greates variations; otherwhise data is from the Atlantic ocean. Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979
Continental Crust 7 N 56           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 7 N 60           µg/g Major and trace element compositional estimates of the Bulk Continental Crust given by Wedepohl 1995. Major element oxides are given in wt.% and trace elements in either ng/g or ¿g/g. Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 7 N 20           µg/g Major and trace element compositional estimates of the Bulk Continental Crust given by Taylor 1964. Major element oxides are given in wt.% and trace elements in either ng/g or ¿g/g. Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor 1964
Lower Continental Crust 7 N 34           µg/g Major and trace element compositional estimates of the lower continental crust as given by Wedepohl 1995 using lower crust in Western Europe derived from siesmic data and granulite xenolith composition. Major element oxides are given in wt.% and trace elements in either ng/g or ¿g/g. Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 7 N 34           µg/g Recommended composition of the Lower Continental crust as given by various sources. Major element oxides are given in wt.% and trace element concentrations are given in either ng/g or ¿g/g. Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 7 N 83           µg/g Estimates of trace element compositions of the Upper Continental Crust. These values are taken from Wedepohl 1995 and represent a previous estimate. Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 7 N 83           µg/g Recommended composition of the Upper Continental Crust as given by various sources which are listed in Table 1 and 2 of Rudnick and Gao 2004 as well as in the text. Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text
Upper Continental Crust 7 N 83           µg/g Recommended composition of the Upper Continental Crust as given by various sources which are listed in Table 1 and 2 of Rudnick and Gao 2004 as well as in the text. Rudnick & Gao 2004
Depleted Mantle 7 N 40   12       ppb Estimate for the concentrations in the Depleted Mantle of most of the elements of the Periodic Table.  C/N is the element ratio used to make this estimate. Salters & Stracke 2004
Continental Crust 7 N 60           ppm UCC; LCC = calculated from rock averages compiled by Wlotzka (1972) in the proportions of Figure 2. Additional data on granites from Hall (1988). Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 7 N 34           ppm LCC = calculated from rock averages compiled by Wlotzka (1972) in the proportions of Figure 2. Additional data on granites from Hall (1988). Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 7 N 93           ppm UCC = calculated from rock averages compiled by Wlotzka (1972) in the proportions of Figure 2. Additional data on granites from Hall (1988). Wedepohl 1995
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