GERM Reservoir Database
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

GERM Database Search Results        
Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s)
Lunar Mantle   e182W -0.1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -0.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.4             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.4             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.5             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -0.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.7             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.8             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.8             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.8             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -0.8             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.8             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -0.9             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -1.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -1.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -1.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -1.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -1.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -1.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -1.4             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.4             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.4             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W -1.5             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.5             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.5             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -1.5             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Moon   e182W -1.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -1.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -1.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W -1.7             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lombard Meteorite   e182W -4.3   0.3         Halliday 2004 Horan et al. 1998
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom et al. 1996
Tlacotopec Meteorite   e182W -4.4   0.4         Halliday 2004 Horan et al. 1998
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom et al. 1996
Mt. Edith Meteorite   e182W -4.5   0.6         Halliday 2004 Horan et al. 1998
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom et al. 1996
Bennett Co. Meteorite   e182W -4.6   0.9         Halliday 2004 Horan et al. 1998
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom et al. 1996
Duel Hill-1854 Meteorite   e182W -5.1   1.1         Halliday 2004 Horan et al. 1998
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom et al. 1996
Seawater 74 W 6e-05             Broeker & Peng 1982
Silicate Earth 74 W 0.029           ppm McDonough 2004
Silicate Earth 74 W 0.029           µg/g McDonough 1998
Rivers 74 W 0.03           ppb Li 1982
Marine Organisms 74 W 0.035           ppm Li 1991 Bowen 1979

CI Chondrites 74 W 0.0903   0.003612       ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993
Jochum 1996
CI Chondrites 74 W 0.0926           ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989
Oceans Surface water 74 W 0.1           µg/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Ishibashi 1953
Chan & Riley 1967
Seawater 74 W 0.1           ppb Li 1982
Depleted Mantle 74 W 0.11             Jones & Drake 1986 Newsom & Palme 1984
Solar System 74 W 0.133   0.00678     3   Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 74 W 0.137   0.010001     1   Anders & Ebihara 1982
Solid Earth 74 W 0.17           ppm McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 74 W 0.17           µg/g McDonough 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 74 W 0.27         553 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Carbonates 74 W 0.3         50 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Metafelsic Volcanics 74 W 0.3         41 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Moon   e182W 0.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
North Qinling Belt in China 74 W 0.3           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Silicate Earth   e182W 0.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Solar System 74 W 0.3             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982
Intermediate Granulites 74 W 0.31         136 ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 74 W 0.33           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 74 W 0.33           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Granites 74 W 0.39         402 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Granulites 74 W 0.4         137 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Silicate Earth   e182W 0.4             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Interior North China Craton 74 W 0.43           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Mafic Granulites 74 W 0.46         128 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 74 W 0.46         641 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Core 74 W 0.47           ppm McDonough 2004
Core 74 W 0.47           µg/g McDonough 1998
Mafic Intrusions 74 W 0.49         308 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.5           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.5           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Taylor 1987
Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.5           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Presper 1990
Lunar Mantle   e182W 0.5             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Seawater 74 W 0.5             Bruland 1983
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.51           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Granites 74 W 0.51         1226 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.51           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a
Yangtze Craton 74 W 0.51           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Amphibolites 74 W 0.53         189 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Diorite 74 W 0.53         260 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.54           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 74 W 0.54           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 74 W 0.56           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.6           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.6           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 see table notes











Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Lunar Mantle   e182W 0.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Middle Continental Crust 74 W 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Middle Continental Crust 74 W 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 74 W 0.65           ppm Gao et al. 1998
CI Chondrites 74 W 0.66   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004
Interior North China Craton 74 W 0.66           ppm Gao et al. 1998
East China Craton 74 W 0.68           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.69           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.69           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Volcanics 74 W 0.69         972 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 74 W 0.69           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Continental Crust 74 W 0.7           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a
Interior North China Craton 74 W 0.7           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lower Continental Crust 74 W 0.7           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Lunar Mantle   e182W 0.7             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Yangtze Craton 74 W 0.7           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.73           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 74 W 0.73           ppm Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 74 W 0.74           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 74 W 0.76           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 74 W 0.79           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Silicate Earth   e182W 0.8             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.82           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lunar Mantle   e182W 0.9             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Arenaceous Rocks 74 W 0.91         2754 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 74 W 0.91           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 0.91           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 74 W 0.96           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 74 W 0.96           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Continental Crust 74 W 1           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust 74 W 1           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 74 W 1           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 74 W 1           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust 74 W 1           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 74 W 1           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 74 W 1           ppm Candela 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Lunar Mantle   e182W 1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Marine Pelagic Clay 74 W 1           ppm Li 1982
Silicate Earth   e182W 1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
North Qinling Belt in China 74 W 1.05           ppm Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 74 W 1.07           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 74 W 1.07           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Arenaceous Rocks 74 W 1.09         121 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Solar Photosphere 74 W 1.11   0.15         Palme & Jones 2004 Grevesse & Sauval 1998
Solar Photosphere 74 W 1.11   0.15         Anders & Grevesse 1989
Lunar Mantle   e182W 1.3             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
South Margin of North China Craton 74 W 1.34           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Silicate Earth   e182W 1.4             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 1.4           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 1.4           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Pelites 74 W 1.48         69 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Continental Crust 74 W 1.5           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor 1964
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 1.5           ppm Taylor et al. 1983 Taylor & McLennan 1981
Pelites 74 W 1.58         1341 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lunar Mantle   e182W 1.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Silicate Earth   e182W 1.7             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Carbonates 74 W 1.72         2038 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Marine Shales 74 W 1.8           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 1.9           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 1.9   1       µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text











CI Chondrites 74 W 100           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988
Manganese Nodules 74 W 100           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988
Seawater 74 W 100             Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987
Continental Crust 74 W 1000           ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Nakhla Meteorite 74 W 120   80       ppb McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Frankfort Howardites 74 W 126           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972
Palme et al. 1978
Serra De Mage Eucrite 74 W 14           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
MAC 88177 Lodranite 74 W 140           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Primitive Mantle 74 W 16   4.8       ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Newsom et al. 1996
Primitive Mantle 74 W 16           ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Newsom et al. 1996
Moore County Eucrite 74 W 18           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Havero Urelite 74 W 180           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972
Gibson Lodranite 74 W 190           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Lunar Mantle   e182W 2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W 2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 2           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 2           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
CAI Inclusions Allende Meteorite 74 W 2.43   0.0972       ppm Bischoff & Palme 1987
South Margin of North China Craton 74 W 2.47           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 74 W 2.62           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lunar Mantle   e182W 2.8             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Lunar Mantle   e182W 2.9             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Binda Eucrite 74 W 20           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Stannern Eucrite 74 W 220           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Primitive Mantle 74 W 29           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth 74 W 29           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995
Upper Continental Crust 74 W 3.3           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Sims et al. 1990
Depleted Mantle 74 W 3.5   1.82       ppb Salters & Stracke 2004
Johnstown Diogenite 74 W 3.5           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977
Central East China Craton   Nd/W 33.6             Gao et al. 1998
Kapoeta Howardites 74 W 36           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972
Central East China Craton   Nd/W 39.3             Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton   Nd/W 39.9             Gao et al. 1998
Marine Pelagic Clay 74 W 4           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Lunar Mantle   e182W 4.2             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Sioux County Eucrite 74 W 43           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Central East China Craton   Nd/W 43.7             Gao et al. 1998
Chassigny Meteorite 74 W 46           ppb McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Shergotty Meteorite 74 W 460   53       ppb McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Mavic Volcanics 74 W 5.32         632 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Lunar Mantle   e182W 5.6             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
EET 84302 Acapulcoite 74 W 510           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Central East China Craton   Nd/W 52.3             Gao et al. 1998
Y-791491 Lodranite 74 W 540           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Lunar Mantle   e182W 7.1             Halliday 2004 Walter et al. 2000
Kleine et al. 2002
Newsom 1990
Halliday 2000
Spinel Peridotites 74 W 7.2 4 5.2     6 ppb McDonough 1990
ALH 84001 Meteorite 74 W 79           ppb McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Ibitira Eucrite 74 W 80           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990
Barrat et al. 2000
ALH 77005 Meteorite 74 W 84           ppb McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Y-74450 Eucrites 74 W 85           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977
Orgueil Chondrite 74 W 89         1 ppb Anders & Ebihara 1982
CI Chondrites 74 W 90.3   3.612       ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
Brachina Brachinite 74 W 91.5           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Nehru et al. 1983
Orgueil Chondrite 74 W 92.3         3 ppb Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites 74 W 92.6   4.72     3 ppb Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites 74 W 93           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites 74 W 93           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988
Continental Crust 74 W   0.66         wt% Candela 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Seawater 74 W         1   µg/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Ishibashi 1953
Chan & Riley 1967
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