EarthRef Links
Find links to other interesting websites related to EarthRef.org


  • Chart of the Nuclides (Brookhaven National Laboratory).
  • Web Elements -- great periodic table (University of Sheffield).
  • IUPAC -- atomic masses of the elements (IUPAC Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances).
  • Tables of Atomic and Ionic Radii (University of Indiana).
  • Values of Fundamental Constants (ICSU, CODATA).
  • Periodic Table of Isotopes -- information on isotopic systems commonly used in the Earth Sciences (USGS).
  • See separate Modelings Tools page.
  • Measured and Estimated Seafloor Topography (SIO).
  • GTOPO30 -- global 30-second elevation data set for land.
  • HYDRO1k -- geographic database providing comprehensive and consistent global coverage of topographically derived data sets.
  • On-line access to the TerrainBase CD-ROM -- an improved 5-minute DTM of land and ocean values for the entire world.
  • 30-Second Images of the United States developed using data from TerrainBase.
  • The GLOBE Project -- a 1-km gridded, quality-controlled global Digital Elevation Model (DEM).
  • An interactive version of the Smith & Sandwell (1997) Global Ocean Bathymetry Map -- the most complete, high-resolution image of sea floor topography currently available.
  • Near-real-time Global and Regional satellite (Topex) sea level altimetry data from NOAA
  • COAST (Consortium for Oceanographic Activities for Students and Teachers) offers VRML models of submarine canyons. Its mission includes the advancement of conservation science and development of emerging issues.
  • The Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) conducts basic research into the history of the ocean basins and the overall nature of the crust beneath the ocean floor using the scientific drill ship JOIDES Resolution. Numerous documents are available for download from their Publication Services Department.
  • http://duff.geology.washington.edu/ offers 10m grids for all of Washington state.
  • Regional Ecosystem Office's web site has geological information for the western United States.
  • Gridded 2-Minute Gravity Database (SIO).
  • MTNet is an international electronic forum for the free exchange of knowledge, programs and data between scientists engaged in the study of the Earth using electromagnetic methods, principally the magnetotelluric technique (magnetotellurics).
  • The University of Hawaii Sea Level Center (UHSLC) provides three online databases; the Research Quality Dataset, the world ocean circulation Experiment Fast Delivery Data, and the IGOSS sea level program in the Pacific Map Data.
  • Time-Averaged Inventory of Volcanic Sulfur Emissions -- this data set contains volcanic SO2 emissions averaged over the twenty-five years from the early 1970s to 1997. There are two files containing emissions data. The first contains maximum SO2 emissions from sporadic volcanic activity. The second contains the average SO2 emissions from continuous volcanic activity. Data from the Global Emissions Inventory Activity of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project.
  • NOAA Interactive Data Access and Retrieval System -- a graphical user interface-based tool that allows visual browsing of data available online at the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC).
  • United Nations Environment Program GEMS/WATER -- the GEMS/Water program is a multi-faceted water science program oriented towards understanding freshwater quality issues throughout the world.
  • VENTS Program Hydrothermal Vent Geochemistry.
  • NODC Oceanographic Profile Data Base -- observations of ocean parameters versus depth taken by a variety of instruments including Nansen bottles, bathythermographs, and CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) recorder.
  • Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Program database (GTSPP).
  • Joint Archive for Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler database -- data on upper ocean velocity structure on a variety of temporal and spatial scales.
  • NODC Coastal Ocean Time Series Database – a prototype database for integrating coastal ocean time series observations from a variety of instruments with different resolution, accuracy and response to spatial and temporal variability into a common database.
  • Global Ocean Observation Database -- custom subsets constructed on demand from over 100 years of Ocean Station (temperature, salinity, oxygen, phosphate, silicate, nitrite, nitrate, pH, alkalinity, and chlorophyll); CTD (temperature, salinity); and XBT and MBT (temperature) profile data.
  • 3-dimensional Modular Ocean Model (MOM) using z-coordinates and primitive equations for ocean circulation. This numerical ocean modeling tool is for use in studying ocean circulation over a wide range of space and time scales (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, GFDL/NOAA, Department of Commerce).
  • ROADNet will enhance our capacity to monitor and respond to changes in our environment by developing both the wireless networks and the integrated, seamless, and transparent information management system that will deliver seismic, oceanographic, hydrological, ecological, and physical data to a variety of end users in real-time.
  • WHOI Noble Metal Database and an Os-Isotope Database, which contains approximately 1700 Os-isotope data records (as of Jan 1998), containing all published Os-isotope data with additional isotope and trace element data. Also a Database of all published PGE concentrations in meteorites. This database contains approximately 500 entries (as of Aug 1998).  Both datasets are available as Excel 5.0 files.
  • RidgePetDB and GEOROC -- comprehensive, searchable on-line petrologic and chemical databases for ocean floor and oceanic island rocks.
  • CLIMAP 18K Data Set -- files contain micropaleontology in the form of faunal counts of diatoms, planktonic foraminifera, coccoliths, and radiolaria, as well as stratigraphy (percent fine, coarse, total carbonate, 18O and 13C), and geochemistry (percent opal, quartz, and organic carbon), and inferred sea surface temperatures for 635 ocean sediment cores. Data are primarily from the period 18,000 years bp to the present.
  • LDEO 14C Data Files -- data compiled by W.F. Ruddiman and staff at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University. Data include 974 carbon-14 dates from 309 ocean sediments cores, covering the period from 40,000 years bp to the present worldwide.
  • PETROS Igneous Petrology Databank -- a worldwide data bank of major element chemical analyses of igneous rocks compiled for research and teaching purposes by Dr. Felix Mutschler and staff at Eastern Washington University. PETROS version 6.1 includes 37,300 major element chemical analyses divided into 307 major groups representing geographic areas or petrologic provinces. Also included are 468 average igneous rock compositions calculated by various authors, a bibliography of information sources, and complete format/operating instructions for PETROS.
  • Geokem -- Extensive database of major and trace elements in igneous rocks by Bernie Gunn.  Based on the Geokem database, which was started in 1962 at the Univ. of Montreal.  Includes brief descriptions of most types of terrestrial and lunar igneous rocks, their regional distribution and classification, and examples of their geochemical trends and "fingerprints".
  • Igneous and Sedimentary Rock Compositional Databases from the International Union of Geological Sciences, Commission on Systematics in Petrology (CSP), Subcommission on Databases in Petrology (SDBP).  Data are available both as downloadable Microsoft Access databases and in an online, Web-based database.
  • SIO Ferromanganese Nodule Analysis File -- data on the geochemistry of marine ferromanganese nodules. The SIO files contain data from approximately 1,500 samples collected at 800 locations worldwide.
  • CNEXO Ferromanganese Nodule Analysis File -- the Centre National Pour l'Exploitation des Oceans (CNEXO) ferromanganese nodule analysis files consist of geochemical data from published reports pertaining to oceanic ferromanganese deposits, including Russian, since 1891.
  • Smithsonian Volcanic Glass Data File -- chemical composition analysis of glassy rinds of deep-sea volcanic rocks in the Smithsonian's Sea-Floor Rock Collection.
  • MINSQ uses least-squared to calculate modes from whole-rock chemical data with real or idea mineral compositions.
  • EarthScope applies modern observational, analytical and telecommunications technologies to investigate the structure and evolution of the North American continent and the physical processes controlling earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
  • Maps of volcanoes of the Wrangell Mountains and Cook Inlet Region, Alaska.
  • Treatise on Geochemistry provides comprehensive coverage of the full range of disciplines and topics in the field of geochemistry.
  • Columbia Earthscape is dedicated to the idea of Earth systems and their connection to humanity. It archives publications, conferences, data, and educational materials from many sources.
  • UserCalc is a web-based Uranium series calculator based on the models of Spiegelman and Elliott, 1993.
  • ChemFinder (CambridgeSoft Corporation).
  • CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics (ICSU).
  • Equations of State for CO2, H2O-CO2 Mixtures (U. Mäder, University of Bern).
  • FACT (Facility for the Analysis of Chemical Thermodynamics) (École Polytechnique de Montréal).
  • GRI-Mech thermodynamic database (delta H, S and Cp at 298K) for approximately 50 species (Gas Research Institute).
  • Internally Consistent Dataset for Rock-Forming Minerals based on the Si-Ti-Al-Fe-Ca-Mg-Fe-K-Na-H2O-CO2 system (M. Gottschalk, GeoForschungsZentrum, Potsdam).
  • MELTS -- database for mineral Solid Solutions, igneous Melts, and Water (M. Ghiorso, University of Washington).
  • MTDATA thermodynamic databases for pure substances, oxides, aqueous species (National Physical Laboratory).
  • NEA Data Bank -- delta H and delta So at 298K, and Cp(T)) for various compounds of important elements in radioactive waste (Nuclear Energy Agency).
  • Chemistry WebBook (NIST).
  • Thermophysical Data -- k, Cp, density, etc. data for a range of materials (K & K Associates, Westminster, Colorado).
  • ThermoDex  -- an index of selected thermodynamic data handbooks (Univ of TX, Austin).
  • MEMS Material Database -- physical and thermodynamic properties of 136 compounds or pure elements.
  • NASA Master Directory (NASA).
  • National Geophysical Data Center (NOAA).
  • World Data Center System (ICSU).
  • The International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG).
  • Earth Science Resources (University of Geneva).
  • Engineering Software Database (ASME).
  • Geochemistry on the World Wide Web (W. White, Cornell University).
  • LLNL Earth & Environmental Programs -- list of links (LLNL).
  • GeoGuide -- gateway to online Earth Science information, including thematic maps and geography (Goettingen).
  • NASA Master Directory -- list of links (NASA).
  • Sheffield ChemDex (University of Sheffield).
  • Software and Data for thermodynamics and phase equilibrium calculations in geology (T. Gordon, University of Calgary).
  • Software for Chemistry -- chemistry teaching aids (K. Irgum, Umeå University).
  • Thermodynamic Data and Property Calculation Sites on the Web (Thermodynamics Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago).
  • Web Sites in Inorganic Chemical Thermodynamics (École Polytechnique de Montréal).
  • Global Geological Resource Locator -- vital links to geology and related sites, funding agencies, fellowship programs, universities offering geology courses, geological software and job vacancies (Delta Studies Institute).
  • Marine Related Software and Graphics (Pat Wilde, GFDL).
  • Index to Marine Geological Samples.

  • DLESE -- a digital library for Earth system education.
  • OceanPortal -- a high-level directory of Ocean Data and Information related web sites. Its objective is to help scientists and other ocean experts in locating such data & information.
  • The University of California eScholarship Repository contains working papers from research centers and departments in the University of California.
  • Astronomy Picture of the Day -- each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
  • The article Enhanced: Top-Down Tectonics? contains numerous geophysics-related links.
  • Conversion Factors -- including energy, H, S, Cp, P, V and T (Process Associates of America).
  • MegaConverter (Ben-Cam InterMedia).

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