GERM Reservoir Database
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

	GERM Database Search Results   Save as ... ================== Excel spreadsheet Tab delimited text file   Sort by ... =========== Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Reference =========== Default   Units ... ======= ppm ppb ppt wt% wt%ox ======= Default   Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s) Lunar Soil 15 P 0.1         1 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.16         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.58         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.16         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Basalts 15 P 1.58         10 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 2001 Peridotites 15 P 0.1         103 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Intermediate Mafic Archean Granulites 15 P 0.27 0.23       105 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 CO Chondrites 15 P 0.25   0.09     106 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993 Greshake 1997 Pyroxenites 15 P 0.38         106 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Australian Granite 15 P 0.11         1074 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Wormald & Price 1988 Nepheline Syenites 15 P 0.13         108 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Radiolarian Clay 15 P 0.09         11 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Ademellites 15 P 0.19         113 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Orangeite 15 P 0.74         114 wt% Farmer 2004 Mitchell 1995 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 15 P 0.18   0.001     114 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Basalts 15 P 0.18         12 wt% Farmer 2004 Dungan et al. 1986 Interlayered Clay & Chert 15 P 0.897         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Metalliferous Clay 15 P 1.661         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Intermediate Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 15 P 0.26 0.24       120 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Arenaceous Rocks 15 P 0.09         121 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Granites 15 P 0.11         1226 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Mafic Granulites 15 P 0.3         128 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Australian Granite 15 P 0.17         13 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Inger & Harris 1993 Basalts 15 P 0.63         13 wt% Farmer 2004 Robert et al. 1992 Carbonate 15 P 0.227         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Volcanoclastic Turbidites 15 P 0.285         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Gabbros 15 P 0.24         1317 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Pelites 15 P 0.14         1341 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Intermediate Granulites 15 P 0.26         136 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Felsic Granulites 15 P 0.19         137 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Honshu Basalt 15 P 0.26         137 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Basanites 15 P 0.74         138 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Baldissero Spinel Lherzolites 15 P 26   12     14 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Ultrabasic Precambrian Granulites 15 P 0.17         14 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Continental Arc Andesite 15 P 0.22         142 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Latites 15 P 0.33         146 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Diatom Oozes & Clay 15 P 0.1         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Volcanoclastic Sediment 15 P 0.127         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Trachybasalts 15 P 0.59         155 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Nephelinites 15 P 1.07         159 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Basalts 15 P 0.56         16 wt% Farmer 2004 Rogers et al. 1998 Basalts 15 P 0.76         16 wt% Farmer 2004 Jung & Hoernes 2000 Silty Mud 15 P 0.2         16 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Carbonates 15 P         0.01 162 wt%ox Mirota & Veizer 1994 Marianas Basalt 15 P 0.13         168 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Radiolarites 15 P 0.136         17 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 15 P 0.01   0     17 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Lherzolites 15 P 0.11         177 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Balmuccia Spinel Lherzolites 15 P 39   10     18 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.39         18 wt% Farmer 2004 Lightfoot et al. 1990 Felsic Post-Archean Granulites 15 P 0.11 0.09       186 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Norites 15 P 0.15         188 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Amphibolites 15 P 0.16         189 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Tholeiites 15 P 0.24         190 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Harzburgites 15 P 0.13         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Websterites 15 P 0.16         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Ferruginous Clay 15 P 0.08         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Interlayerd Clay & Chert 15 P 0.345         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Lunar Breccias 15 P 0.15         2 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Radiolarian Clay 15 P 0.325         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Retort Phosphatic Shale Member 15 P 31.95         20 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966 Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 15 P 0.14         203 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Carbonates 15 P 0.05         2038 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Greater Antilles Basalt 15 P 0.23         21 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Kimberlite 15 P 0.59         22 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994 ODP Site 735 15 P 0.092 0.045       22 wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Andesites 15 P 0.21         2203 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Trachyandesites 15 P 0.41         223 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Granites 15 P 0.12         2236 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Igneous Rocks 15 P 0.26         22775 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Basalts 15 P 0.56         23 wt% Farmer 2004 Paslick et al. 1995 Silicic Precambrian Granulites 15 P 0.08         23 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Spinel Peridotites 15 P 0.056 0.03 0.11     233 wt%ox McDonough 1990 Luzon Basalt 15 P 0.22         24 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Basic Precambrian Granulites 15 P 0.2         25 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Monzonites 15 P 0.25         252 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 15 P 0.2 0.12       258 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Intermediate Precambrian Granulites 15 P 0.2         26 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Diorite 15 P 0.25         260 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Basalts 15 P 1.13         27 wt% Farmer 2004 Farmer et al. 2002 Arenaceous Rocks 15 P 0.12         2754 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Clastic Turbidites 15 P 0.164         28 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 15 P 0.13   0.003     28 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Brown Clay 15 P 0.617         29 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Basalts 15 P 0.72         3 wt% Farmer 2004 Wilson et al. 1997 Basalts 15 P 0.83         3 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 1995 Green Clay 15 P 0.142         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Orgueil Chondrite 15 P 1180         3 ppm Anders & Grevesse 1989 Orgueil Chondrite 15 P 1180         3 ppm Anders & Ebihara 1982 Pelagic Clay 15 P 0.267         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Zeolite Clay 15 P 0.1         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Mafic Intrusions 15 P 0.32         308 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Basalts 15 P 0.35         3156 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Island Arc Andesite 15 P 0.14         32 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Kimberlite 15 P 1         32 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994 Phonolites 15 P 0.18         320 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Island Arcs 15 P 0.13         323 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Silver & Chappell 1998 Granulitic Xenolites 15 P 0.23 0.13       330 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990 Boninites 15 P 0.06         348 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Kimberlite 15 P 0.7         35 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 15 P 0.13         355 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Martin 1995 Felsic Archean Granulites 15 P 0.11 0.09       358 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 CO Chondrites 15 P 0.32   0.09     36 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993 Greshake 1997 Kermadec Basalts 15 P 0.12         36 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.35         36 wt% Farmer 2004 Hooper & Hawkesworth 1993 Diabases 15 P 0.25         370 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Ashy Clay 15 P 0.329         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Basalts 15 P 0.56         4 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung 1999 Brown Clay 15 P 0.357         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Chert 15 P 0.09         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Chert 15 P 0.201         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 CI Chondrites 15 P 1220   122     4 ppm Anders & Grevesse 1989 Diatome Ooze 15 P 0.134         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Hydrothermal Sediment 15 P 1.17         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Nano Ooze 15 P 0.126         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Radiolarites 15 P 0.064         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Solar System 15 P 10400   1040     4   Anders & Ebihara 1982 Solar System 15 P 10400   1040     4   Anders & Grevesse 1989 Turbidites 15 P 0.145         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Turbidites 15 P 0.11         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Granites 15 P 0.1         402 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Mead Peak Phosphatic Shale Member 15 P 29.79         41 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966 Metafelsic Volcanics 15 P 0.21         41 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Scotia Island Basalt 15 P 0.15         41 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Volcanoclastic Turbidites 15 P 0.24         43 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Syenites 15 P 0.29         436 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Basalts 15 P 0.62         44 wt% Farmer 2004 Baker et al. 1997 Intermediate Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 15 P 0.19 0.16       46 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Granulites 15 P 0.21 0.15       469 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990 Andesites 15 P 0.2         47 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Trachytes 15 P 0.21         483 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Continental Arc Andesite 15 P 0.22         497 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Basalts 15 P 0.61         5 wt% Farmer 2004 Wilson et al. 1997 Interlayered Chert & Limestone 15 P 0.084         5 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Andesites 15 P 0.205         50 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Plank & Langmuir 1988 Carbonates 15 P 0.08         50 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Island Arc Andesite 15 P 0.15         503 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Basaltic Glass at ODP/DSDP Site 504 15 P 0.08   0.01     51 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986 Mugearites 15 P 0.75         55 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Pelagic Clay 15 P 0.274         55 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 15 P 0.14         553 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Rhyolites 15 P 0.07         554 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Andes Basalt 15 P 0.21         56 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Pelagic Clay 15 P 0.125         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 15 P 0.125         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Dacites 15 P 0.15         578 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Hawaiites 15 P 0.74         58 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Least-Altered Basalt at ODP/DSDP Site 504 15 P 0.07   0.01     58 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986 Australian Granite 15 P 0.02         6 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Turner et al. 1992 Basalts 15 P 1.04         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Turner et al. 1996a Basalts 15 P 0.97         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Marzoli et al. 2000 Diatome Clay 15 P 0.093         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Diatome Mud 15 P 0.123         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Group 1 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 15 P 0.19         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Group 1 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 15 P 0.18         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Lunar Breccias 15 P 0.12         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Pelagic Clay 15 P 1.01         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 15 P 1.865         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.23         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Lightfoot et al. 1990 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 15 P 0.07   0.019     6 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Cascade Basalt 15 P 0.18         60 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Phosphoria Formation 15 P 30.5         61 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966 Granulites 15 P 0.15 0.11       618 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990 Rhyodacites 15 P 0.25         63 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Mavic Volcanics 15 P 0.4         632 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 15 P 0.17         641 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 New Hebrides Islands 15 P 0.18         65 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Aleutian Basalts 15 P 0.14         66 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Dolerites 15 P 0.27         687 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Pelites 15 P 0.15         69 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Basalts 15 P 0.34         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Price et al. 1997 Basalts 15 P 0.55         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Conticelli et al. 1997 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.15         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 15 P 0.14   0.013     7 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Nepheline Leucite Basalts 15 P 0.89         70 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Tongan Basalts 15 P 0.16         70 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Australian Granite 15 P 0.15         704 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Chappell & White 1992 Granodiorites 15 P 0.18         723 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Diorites 15 P 0.29         755 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Lujavrites 15 P 0.14         76 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Central American Basalts 15 P 0.23         78 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Dunites 15 P 0.2         78 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Kamchatka Basalt 15 P 0.19         78 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Metapelitic Granulitic Xenolites 15 P 0.12 0.09       78 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Australian Granite 15 P 0.09         8 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Whalen 1985 Basalts 15 P 0.76         8 wt% Farmer 2004 Marzoli et al. 2000 Basalts 15 P 0.64         8 wt% Farmer 2004 Zhang & O'Reilly 1997 CO Chondrites 15 P 3.6   2.1     8 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993 Greshake 1997 Granites 15 P 0.105         8 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Kemp 2001 Group 2 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 15 P 0.11         8 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Group 2 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 15 P 0.1         8 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 15 P 22.2         8 wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980 Pelagic Clay 15 P 0.257         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Protolith Gabbros at ODP Site 735 15 P 0.04         8 wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Radiolarian Clay 15 P 0.137         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Radiolarian Clay 15 P 0.137         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Tinguaites 15 P 0.2         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Tonalites 15 P 0.25         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Lesser Antilles Basalt 15 P 0.15         84 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Tephrites 15 P 0.63         84 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Carbonate Turbidites 15 P 0.13         87 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 15 P 0.3 0.22       87 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Precambrian Granulites 15 P 0.13         88 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Basalts 15 P 0.57         9 wt% Farmer 2004 Hoang & Flower 1998 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 15 P 0.14         9 wt% Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 15 P 0.08   0.001     95 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Anorthosites 15 P 0.09         97 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.13         972 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Mafic Archean Granulites 15 P 0.19 0.12       98 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Acapulcoite Primitive Achondrites 15 P 1.6             Mittlefehldt 2004 Yanai & Kojima 1991 Zipfel et al. 1995 Active Continental Rifts 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Active Continental Rifts 15 P 0.3           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 AII Fracture Zone Basalts 15 P 0.22           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Johnson & Dick 1992 Alaska Trench 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Aleutian Trench 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 ALH 77005 Meteorite 15 P 1750   150       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 ALH 84001 Meteorite 15 P 61           ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 ALHA 77257 Urelite 15 P 0.3             Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992 Spitz & Boynton 1991 Amazon River Particulates 15 P 1650           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Andaman Trench 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Andean Andesites 15 P 0.27           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Bailey 1981 Andesites 15 P 0.23           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 15 P 0.22           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 15 P 0.23           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 15 P 0.21           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 15 P 0.22           wt%ox Condie 1993 Archean Amphibolites 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1981 Archean Canadian Shield 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Cameron et al. 1979 Archean Canadian Shield 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Goodwin 1978 Archean Canadian Shield 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971 Archean Lower Crust 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Archean Terrains 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Shaw et al. 1967 Archean Terrains 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Atmosphere   32P 0.4             Turekian & Graustein 2004 Lal & Peters 1967 Atmosphere   33P 0.6             Turekian & Graustein 2004 Lal & Peters 1967 Aubres Aubrite 15 P 2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985 Wolf et al. 1983 Australian Granite 15 P 0.09           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Collins et al. 1982 Barea Mesosiderite 15 P 5.28             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason & Jarosewich 1973 Mittlefehldt in press Basalts 15 P 0.26           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 15 P 0.24           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 15 P 0.28           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 15 P 0.11           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 15 P 0.23           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Condie 1993 Binda Eucrite 15 P 0.17             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Brachina Brachinite 15 P 1.31             Mittlefehldt 2004 Nehru et al. 1983 Cascadia Trench 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Central America Trench 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.25           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Chassigny Meteorite 15 P 275   35       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Chaunskij Mesosiderite 15 P 8.16             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Petaev et al. 2000 Chert 15 P 0.09           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 CI Chondrites 15 P 1220           ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989 CI Chondrites 15 P 926   64.82       ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993 Wolf & Palme 2001 CI Chondrites 15 P 0.28           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Palme et al. 1981 Anders & Ebihara 1982 Beer et al. 1984 Jochum et al. 1986 CI Chondrites 15 P 1080           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 CI Chondrites 15 P 926   64.82       ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004 CI Chondrites 15 P 1020           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988 CI Chondrites 15 P 1.01           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988 CI Chondrites 15 P 5.44   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004 Colombia Trench 15 P 0.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Colorado River Particulates 15 P 540           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Congo River Particulates 15 P 1500           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Continental Arcs 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Arcs 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Wedepohl 1995 Continental Crust 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Holland & Lambert 1972 Continental Crust 15 P 0.3           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1969 Continental Crust 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor 1964 Continental Crust 15 P 779           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991 Continental Crust 15 P 0.19           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Continental Crust 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Continental Crust 15 P 0.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Christensen & Mooney 1995 Continental Crust 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 15 P 757           ppm Wedepohl 1995 Continental Crust 15 P 0.18           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a Continental Crust 15 P 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 15 P 0.14           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1986 Continental Crust 15 P 0.19           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Continental Crust 15 P 0.13           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Continental Crust 15 P 0.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Holland & Lambert 1972 Continental Crust 15 P 0.24           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor 1964 Continental Crust 15 P 0.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 15 P 0.13           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Continental Shields & Platforms 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Shields & Platforms 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Core   Ni/P       10 11     McDonough & Sun 1995 Core 15 P 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004 Core 15 P 3690           ppm Allegre et al. 1995 Core 15 P 3200           µg/g McDonough 1998 Core 15 P 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004 Core 15 P       0.5 0.5   wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Core 15 P 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004 Core 15 P 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004 D'Orbigny Angrite 15 P 0.7             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt et al. 2002 Danube River Particulates 15 P 680           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Depleted D-MORB basalts   Ce/P 0.19             Salters & Stracke 2004 Depleted D-MORB basalts 15 P 0.019           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Depleted Mantle 15 P 0.058             Jones & Drake 1986 Newsom & Drake 1983 Depleted Mantle 15 P 40.7   10.175       ppm Salters & Stracke 2004 DSDP/ODP Site 800 15 P 0.22           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 DSDP/ODP Site 801 15 P 0.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 DSDP/ODP Site 801 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 E-MORB 15 P 0.26           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 Early Archean Upper Crust 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Early Archean Upper Crust 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 East China Craton 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 East China Craton 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 East Sunda Trench 15 P 0.126           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Estherville Mesosiderite 15 P 2.4             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Simpson & Ahrens 1977 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.09           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.08           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.06           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.06           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 15 P 0.05           wt%ox Condie 1993 Frankfort Howardites 15 P 0.15             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972 Palme et al. 1978 Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts   Ce/P 0.19             Salters & Stracke 2004 Fresh MORB in Indian Ocean 15 P 0.13           wt% Klein 2004 Klein et al. 1991 Gabbros 15 P 0.24           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976 Ganges River Particulates 15 P 560           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Garnet Peridotites 15 P   0.02         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Jordan 1979 Boyd 1989 McDonough 1990 Garonne River Particulates 15 P 1300           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Granites 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Whalen et al. 1987 Granites 15 P 0.17           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995 Granites 15 P 0.08           wt%ox Condie 1993 Granites 15 P 0.08           wt%ox Condie 1993 Granites 15 P 0.09           wt%ox Condie 1993 Granodiorites 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976 Granulites 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1982 Graywackes 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Greywackes 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Ibitira Eucrite 15 P 0.44             Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990 Barrat et al. 2000 Inner Blake Plateau Phosphorites 15 P 25.8           wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980 Interior North China Craton 15 P 0.23           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 15 P 0.24           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 15 P 0.17           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 15 P 0.21           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Intra Stellar Medium 15 P 5.07   3.8025         Palme & Jones 2004 Savage & Sembach 1996 Izu-Bonin Trench 15 P 0.27           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Japan Trench 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Java Trench 15 P 0.186           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Johnstown Diogenite 15 P 0.18             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977 Jupiter Atmosphere 15 P       0.2       Lunine 2004 Atreya et al. 1999b Gautier et al. 2001 Noll et al. 1989 Fink et al. 1978 Kamchatka Trench 15 P 0.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Kerm Trench 15 P 0.45           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Komatiites 15 P 0.02           wt%ox Condie 1993 Kuriles Trench 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Late Archean Upper Crust 15 P 0.11           wt%ox Condie 1993 Late Archean Upper Crust 15 P 0.11           wt%ox Condie 1993 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.1           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.21           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie & Selverstone 1999 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.16           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Villaseca et al. 1999 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.13           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Liu et al. 2001 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.24           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.19           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.13           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Presper 1990 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.21           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.21           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 872           ppm Wedepohl 1995 Lower Continental Crust 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Macibini Eucrites 15 P 0.48             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1973 Buchanan et al. 2000b Makran Trench 15 P 0.23           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Malvern Howardites 15 P 0.305             Mittlefehldt 2004 Palme et al. 1978 Manganese Nodules 15 P 25000           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988 Mantle 15 P 0.009           wt% McDonough 2004 Mantle Xenoliths 15 P 0.06           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough 1990 Marianas Trench 15 P 0.22           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Marine Apatites 15 P       36.5 40.5   wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966 Marine Organisms 15 P 2800           ppm Li 1991 Bowen 1979 Marine Pelagic Clay 15 P 1500           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961 Marine Pelagic Clay 15 P 1500           ppm Li 1982 Marine Shales 15 P 700           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961 Mars Mantle 15 P 0.17           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1997 Mars Mantle 15 P             wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Sanloup 1999 Mars Mantle 15 P 0.17           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke & Dreibus 1988 Mars Rocks 15 P 0.98   0.196       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 15 P 0.99   0.198       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 15 P 1   0.2       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 15 P 0.97   0.194       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 15 P 1.42   0.284       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 15 P 0.95   0.19       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 15 P 1.01   0.202       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 15 P 0.95   0.19       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 15 P 1.89   0.378       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 15 P 1.55   0.31       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mekong River Particulates 15 P 2000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 Metamorphic Rocks 15 P 0.22           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Poldervaart 1955 Mexico Trench 15 P 0.36           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Middle Continental Crust 15 P 0.19           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998 Middle Continental Crust 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Middle Continental Crust 15 P 0.15           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Middle Continental Crust 15 P 0.15           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994 Middle Continental Crust 15 P 0.15   0.06       wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Middle Continental Crust 15 P 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Middle Continental Crust 15 P 0.14           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Mincy Mesosiderite 15 P 6.07             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Simpson & Ahrens 1977 Moore County Eucrite 15 P 0.16             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 MORB Basaltic Glass 15 P 0.1           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 15 P 0.22           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 15 P 0.11           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 15 P 0.25           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 15 P 0.18           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 N-MORB 15 P 0.22           wt% Klein 2004 Thompson et al. 1980 N-MORB 15 P 0.13           wt% Klein 2004 Niu et al. 1999 N-MORB 15 P 0.06           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 N-MORB 15 P 0.095           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Presnall & Hoover 1987 N-MORB 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Hofmann 1988 Ito et al. 1987 Smith et al. 1995 Hauri & Hart 1997 N-MORB 15 P 0.08           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 Nakhla Meteorite 15 P 500   45       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Nankai Trench 15 P 0.27           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Niger River Particulates 15 P 1600           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 North American Shale Composite (NASC) 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 North Antilles Trench 15 P 0.09           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.4           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.23           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.17           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Oceanic Crust 15 P 500           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1981 Oceans Deep water 15 P 2.84             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979 Oceans Surface water 15 P 0.08             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979 ODP/DSDP Site 417/418 15 P 0.11           wt%ox Staudigel et al. 1996 Paleozoic Orogens 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Paleozoic Orogens 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Paleozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 Paleozoic Upper Crust 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Parana River Particulates 15 P 1300           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Pelagic Clay 15 P 1.01           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 Peninsular Range Batholith 15 P 0.08           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995 Periodotite Section in Ophiolites 15 P   0.02         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Peru Trench 15 P 0.19           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Philip Trench 15 P 0.44           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Post-Archean Terrrains 15 P 0.19           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971 Precambrian Canadian Shield 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Primitive Mantle   Ni/P 22             McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.021           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.02             Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 15 P 86   12.9       ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 McDonough et al. 1985 Langmuir et al. 1992 Primitive Mantle 15 P   0.022         wt%ox McDonough 1991 McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.022           wt%ox McDonough 1990 McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.022           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 McDonough & Sun 1989 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.013           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Anderson 1983 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.019           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.015           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Wanke et al. 1984 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.022           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.02           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Ringwood 1979 Primitive Mantle 15 P 83           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle 15 P 60           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Primitive Mantle 15 P 58           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.02           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle 15 P 90   13.5       ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 15 P 0.021           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Radiolarites 15 P 0.04           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 Rifted Continental Margins 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Rifted Continental Margins 15 P 0.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 River Particulates 15 P 1150           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 River Particulates 15 P 530             Meybeck 1982 Rivers 15 P 25             Meybeck 1982 Rivers 15 P 20           ppb Li 1982 Ryuku Trench 15 P 1.25           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Sandstones 15 P 0.02           wt%ox Condie 1993 Sandstones 15 P 0.02           wt%ox Condie 1993 Sandstones 15 P 0.03           wt%ox Condie 1993 Saturn Atmosphere 15 P 6             Lunine 2004 Atreya et al. 1999b Gautier et al. 2001 Noll et al. 1989 Fink et al. 1978 Seawater 15 P 2             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979 Seawater 15 P 2.3             Broeker & Peng 1982 Seawater 15 P 60           ppb Li 1982 Seawater 15 P 65000             Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987 Seawater 15 P 2.3     1 3.5     Bruland 1983 Sediments 15 P 0.18           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1969 Serra De Mage Eucrite 15 P 0.25             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Shales 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Condie 1993 Shales 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Condie 1993 Shales 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Shalka Diogenite 15 P 0.01             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972 Mittlefehldt 1994 Shallowater Aubrite 15 P 22             Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985 Keil et al. 1989 Shergotty Meteorite 15 P 3230   230       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Silicate Earth   Ni/P 22             McDonough & Sun 1995 Silicate Earth 15 P 90   13.5       ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Silicate Earth 15 P 90           µg/g McDonough 1998 Silicate Earth 15 P 90           ppm McDonough 2004 Silicate Earth 15 P 0.021           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Silicified Limestone 15 P 0.25           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Sioux County Eucrite 15 P 0.39             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Solar Corona 15 P 5.24   0.08         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Solar Corona 15 P 5.24   0.06         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Breneman & Stone 1985 Solar Photosphere 15 P 5.45   0.04         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Solar Photosphere 15 P 5.45   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004 Grevesse & Sauval 1998 Solar System 15 P 0.29           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976 Solar System 15 P 6500             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982 Solar System 15 P 5.44   0.544         Palme & Jones 2004 Solid Earth   Ni/P       10 11     McDonough & Sun 1995 Solid Earth 15 P 1240           ppm Allegre et al. 1995 Solid Earth 15 P 715           ppm McDonough 2004 Solid Earth 15 P 0.07           wt% McDonough 2004 Solid Earth 15 P 1100           µg/g McDonough 1998 Solid Earth 15 P       0.17 0.17   wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Solid Earth 15 P 0.07           wt% McDonough 2004 Solid Earth 15 P 0.07           wt% McDonough 2004 South African Garnet Peridotites 15 P 0.01           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Boyd & Mertzman 1987 South Antilles Trench 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 15 P 0.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Sandwich Trench 15 P 0.1           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Spinel Peridotites 15 P 0.02           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Spinel Peridotites 15 P   0.03         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Jordan 1979 Boyd 1989 McDonough 1990 Stannern Eucrite 15 P 0.445             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Subducted Sediment 15 P 0.19   0.05       wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Sumatra Trench 15 P 0.15           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Tonalites 15 P 0.26           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Wedepohl 1991 Arth et al. 1978 Ermanovics et al. 1979 Tarney et al. 1979 Schermerhorn 1987 Paradis et al. 1988 Pohl & Emmermann 1991 Tepper et al. 1993 Tonalites 15 P 0.26           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Condie 1993 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Condie 1993 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 15 P 0.11           wt%ox Condie 1993 Tonga Trench 15 P 0.981           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Transitional Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 15 P 0.16           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 700           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.15   0.02       wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.17           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.17           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.11           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Staudigel et al. 1995 Smith et al. 1995 Hart & Staudigel 1989 Staudigel et al. 1989 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.15           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.15           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.23             Rudnick & Gao 2004 Clarke 1889 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.31             Rudnick & Gao 2004 Clarke & Washington 1924 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.16           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Fahrig & Eade 1968 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.16           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1976 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.16           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.15           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Borodin 1998 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.23           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Goldschmidt 1933 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 0.15           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1967 Upper Continental Crust 15 P 665           ppm Wedepohl 1995 Vanuatu Trench 15 P 0.143           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Veramin Mesosiderite 15 P 3.2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Powell 1971 Volcanoclastic Turbidites 15 P 0.24           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 Watson IIE Iron 15 P 2.6             Mittlefehldt 2004 Olsen et al. 1994 Winonaite Pontlyfni 15 P 0.48             Mittlefehldt 2004 Graham et al. 1977 Davis et al. 1977 Winonaite Tierra Blanca 15 P 1.2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985 Jarosweich 1990 Yangtze Craton 15 P 0.12           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 15 P 0.13           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 15 P 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 15 P 0.17           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 15 P 0.14           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998