GERM Reservoir Database
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

GERM Database Search Results        
Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s)
Acapulcoite Primitive Achondrites 27 Co 640           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Yanai & Kojima 1991
Zipfel et al. 1995
Active Continental Rifts 27 Co 23           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Active Continental Rifts 27 Co 34           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Alaska Trench 27 Co 18.8           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Alborz Mountains 27 Co 9         3 ppm Altschuller 1980 Aval et al. 1968
Aleutian Basalts 27 Co 44.09         16 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Aleutian Trench 27 Co 26           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
ALH 77005 Meteorite 27 Co 72   4       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
ALH 84001 Meteorite 27 Co 47   3       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
ALH 84025 Brachinite 27 Co 365           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1989a
ALHA 77257 Urelite 27 Co 89           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990
Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Spitz & Boynton 1991
ALHA 81101 Urelite 27 Co 71           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Spitz & Boynton 1991
ALHA77081 Acapulcoite 27 Co 795           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Schultz et al. 1982
Allende Meteorite 27 Co 620           µg/g Grossman & Wasson 1985
Amazon River Particulates 27 Co 41           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Amphibolites 27 Co 57         189 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Andaman Trench 27 Co 13.9           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Andes Basalt 27 Co 41.06         9 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Andesites 27 Co 30.3         50 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998 Plank & Langmuir 1988
Andesites 27 Co 26           ppm Condie 1993
Andesites 27 Co 31           ppm Condie 1993
Andesites 27 Co 22           ppm Condie 1993
Andesites 27 Co 20           ppm Condie 1993
Andesites 27 Co 35           ppm Condie 1993
Andesites 27 Co 47           ppm Condie 1993
Andesites 27 Co 50           ppm Condie 1993
Andesites 27 Co 22.07         21 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Angra dos Reis Angrite 27 Co 20.4           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Angrite Angra Dos Reis 27 Co 21.3           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990
Angrite LEW 87051 27 Co 27.4           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990
Archean Terrains 27 Co 25           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Archean Terrains 27 Co 30           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Archean Terrains 27 Co 27           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Arenaceous Rocks 27 Co 16         121 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Arenaceous Rocks 27 Co 8.7         2754 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Ashy Clay 27 Co 57.1         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Atmosphere 27 Co       50 200   ppb Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Aubres Aubrite 27 Co 6           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985
Wolf et al. 1983
Australian Granite 27 Co 10         1074 ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Wormald & Price 1988
Australian Granite 27 Co 4           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Collins et al. 1982
Australian Granite 27 Co 18         8 ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Whalen 1985
Australian Granite 27 Co 10         704 ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Chappell & White 1992
Baldissero Spinel Lherzolites 27 Co 100   30     14 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Balmuccia Spinel Lherzolites 27 Co 106   3     18 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Bambui Group 27 Co 10         14 ppm Altschuller 1980 Cathcart 1974
Barea Mesosiderite 27 Co 50.5           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason & Jarosewich 1973
Mittlefehldt in press
Basaltic Glass at ODP/DSDP Site 504 27 Co 0.1   0.03     51 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986
Basalts 27 Co 42           ppm Condie 1993
Basalts 27 Co 59           ppm Condie 1993
Basalts 27 Co 41           ppm Condie 1993
Basalts 27 Co 35           ppm Condie 1993
Basalts 27 Co 35           ppm Condie 1993
Basalts 27 Co 40           ppm Condie 1993
Basalts 27 Co 55           ppm Condie 1993
Basalts 27 Co 51.4         12 ppm Farmer 2004 Dungan et al. 1986
Basalts 27 Co 197         6 ppm Farmer 2004 Turner et al. 1996a
Basalts 27 Co 42.2         16 ppm Farmer 2004 Rogers et al. 1998
Basalts 27 Co 29.9         13 ppm Farmer 2004 Robert et al. 1992
Basalts 27 Co 40.4         27 ppm Farmer 2004 Farmer et al. 2002
Basalts 27 Co 41         3 ppm Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 1995
Basalts 27 Co 32.8         7 ppm Farmer 2004 Conticelli et al. 1997
Basalts 27 Co 45.2         10 ppm Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 2001
Basic Precambrian Granulites 27 Co 58         25 ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Battle Creek Formation 27 Co 5         17 ppm Altschuller 1980 De Keyser & Cook 1972
Battle Creek Formation 27 Co 35         7 ppm Altschuller 1980 De Keyser & Cook 1972
Bereba Eucrite 27 Co 4.7           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Bereba Eucrite 27 Co 4.7           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Bialystok Howardite 27 Co 14           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Binda Eucrite 27 Co 11.8           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Bone Valley Formation 27 Co 4.5         8 ppm Altschuller 1980
Boninites 27 Co 43.1         38 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Brachina Brachinite 27 Co 235           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Nehru et al. 1983
Brown Clay 27 Co 139.7         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Brown Clay 27 Co 52.2         29 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Brown Rock 27 Co 5         3 ppm Altschuller 1980
CAI Inclusions Allende Meteorite 27 Co 95.7   2.871       ppm Bischoff & Palme 1987
Carbonate 27 Co 25.4         13 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Carbonate Turbidites 27 Co 9         87 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Carbonates 27 Co 3         2038 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Carbonates 27 Co 2.1         50 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Cascade Basalt 27 Co 43.08         22 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Cascadia Trench 27 Co 16.9           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central America Trench 27 Co 30           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 31           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 18           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 17           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 24           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 18           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 16           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 19           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 22           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 36           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 30           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 27 Co 24           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Chassigny Achondrite 27 Co 124   4       ppm Boynton et al. 1976
Chassigny Meteorite 27 Co 123   17       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Chaunskij Mesosiderite 27 Co 311           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press
Petaev et al. 2000
Chert 27 Co 6         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Chert 27 Co 10.7         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
CI Chondrites 27 Co 500           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites 27 Co 506   15.18       ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993
CI Chondrites 27 Co 502   33.1     18 ppm Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites 27 Co 506   15.18       ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 27 Co 501           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988
CI Chondrites 27 Co 508           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988
CI Chondrites 27 Co 502           ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites 27 Co 4.9   0.01         Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites   Ni/Co 22             McDonough 1990 McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun & McDonough 1989
Sun 1982
Clastic Turbidites 27 Co 16.9         28 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Colombia Trench 27 Co 6.5           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Colorado River Particulates 27 Co 17           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Comet Halley 27 Co 5.06   0.22         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Jessberger et al. 1988
Congo River Particulates 27 Co 25           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Constantinople Eucrite 27 Co 7.4           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Constantinople Eucrite 27 Co 7.4           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Continental Arc Andesite 27 Co 41.2         80 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Continental Arc Andesite 27 Co 31.36         36 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Continental Arc Basalt 27 Co 0.0096             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Continental Arc Xenoliths 27 Co 108 105 11     28   Pearson et al. 2004
Continental Arcs 27 Co 40           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Arcs 27 Co 28           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 29           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 26.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 27 Co 25           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 26           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1986
Continental Crust 27 Co 24           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a
Continental Crust 27 Co 26.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 25           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 29           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 24           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 26           ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Continental Crust 27 Co 26.6           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991
Continental Crust 27 Co 26           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 26.6           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 27 Co 29           ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 27 Co 24           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 27 Co 25           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor 1964
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 27 Co 102 104 8     273   Pearson et al. 2004
Continental Rift Xenoliths 27 Co           23   Pearson et al. 2004
Continental Shields & Platforms 27 Co 37           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Shields & Platforms 27 Co 26           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Core 27 Co 0.25           ppm McDonough 2004
Core 27 Co 2530           ppm Allegre et al. 1995
Core 27 Co       0.24 0.26   wt% McDonough & Sun 1995
Core 27 Co 2500           µg/g McDonough 1998
Core   Ni/Co       20.8 20.8     McDonough & Sun 1995
Cratonic Xenoliths 27 Co 120 116 19     232   Pearson et al. 2004
D'Orbigny Angrite 27 Co 33           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt et al. 2002
Dacites 27 Co 0.06             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Danube River Particulates 27 Co 13           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Depleted Mantle 27 Co 106   14.84       ppm Salters & Stracke 2004
Depleted Mantle 27 Co 0.21             Jones & Drake 1986 Jagoutz et al. 1979
Diatom Oozes & Clay 27 Co 32.2         15 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Clay 27 Co 18.7         6 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Mud 27 Co 44.7         6 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Ooze 27 Co 37.5         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diorite 27 Co 22.5         260 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Dover Sandstone 27 Co 5         4 ppm Altschuller 1980 Cathcart & Schmidt 1974
DSDP/ODP Site 800 27 Co 21           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
DSDP/ODP Site 801 27 Co 22.3           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Early Archean Upper Crust 27 Co 25           ppm Condie 1993
Early Archean Upper Crust 27 Co 22           ppm Condie 1993
Early Archean Upper Crust   Co/Th 2.8             Condie 1993
Early Archean Upper Crust   Co/Th 3.4             Condie 1993
Early Archean Upper Crust   Ni/Co 6.4             Condie 1993
Early Archean Upper Crust   Ni/Co 6.1             Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 15           ppm Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 17           ppm Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.9             Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.5             Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 2             Condie 1993
Early Proterozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 2.1             Condie 1993
East China Craton 27 Co 22           ppm Gao et al. 1998
East China Craton 27 Co 24           ppm Gao et al. 1998
East Sunda Trench 27 Co 22.6           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
EET 83309 Urelite 27 Co 135           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1989b
EET 84302 Acapulcoite 27 Co 1620           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Estherville Mesosiderite 27 Co 39.5           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press
Simpson & Ahrens 1977
Felsic Archean Granulites 27 Co 12 10       76 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Felsic Granulites 27 Co 18         137 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Post-Archean Granulites 27 Co 22 15       52 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 6           ppm Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 12           ppm Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 10           ppm Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 7.6         972 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 5           ppm Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 6           ppm Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 5           ppm Condie 1993
Felsic Volcanics 27 Co 6           ppm Condie 1993
Frankfort Howardite 27 Co 21.8           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Frankfort Howardites 27 Co 23.6           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972
Palme et al. 1978
Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 27 Co 0.44             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 27 Co 41.76         33 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Ganges River Particulates 27 Co 14           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Garnet Peridotites 27 Co   101         ppm McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Jordan 1979
Boyd 1989
McDonough 1990
Garnet Peridotites   Fe/Co 510   99         McDonough 1991
Garnet Peridotites   Ni/Co 21   4         McDonough 1991
Garonne River Particulates 27 Co 39           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Gibson Lodranite 27 Co 720           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Goalpara Ureilite 27 Co 78   6       ppm Boynton et al. 1976
Granites 27 Co 3         1226 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Granites 27 Co 7.1         402 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Granites 27 Co 13           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995
Granites 27 Co 5.5           ppm Condie 1993
Granites 27 Co 3.5           ppm Condie 1993
Granites 27 Co 3           ppm Condie 1993
Granulites 27 Co 33 25       187 ppm Rudnick & Presper 1990
Granulites 27 Co 26 20       181 ppm Rudnick & Presper 1990
Granulitic Xenolites 27 Co 51 75       156 ppm Rudnick & Presper 1990
Graywackes 27 Co 25           ppm Condie 1993
Graywackes 27 Co 28           ppm Condie 1993
Graywackes 27 Co 20           ppm Condie 1993
Graywackes 27 Co 15           ppm Condie 1993
Graywackes 27 Co 20           ppm Condie 1993
Graywackes 27 Co 30           ppm Condie 1993
Green Clay 27 Co 14.8         3 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Greywackes 27 Co 15           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Havero Urelite 27 Co 101           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972
Honshu Basalt 27 Co 57.13         15 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Hydrothermal Sediment 27 Co 207.2         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
IAB Campo del Cielo 27 Co 402           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Bild 1977
IAB Iron Meteorites 27 Co 4.9           µg/g Haack & McCoy 2004 Chabot & Drake 2000
Jones & Drake 1983
IAB Landes 27 Co 730           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Bild 1977
IAB Udei Station 27 Co 110           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985
Ibitira Eucrite 27 Co 11.7           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990
Barrat et al. 2000
Igneous Rocks 27 Co 0.15         22775 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Igneous Rocks 27 Co 3           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Schmitt et al. 1972
IIAB Iron Meteorites 27 Co 4.6           µg/g Haack & McCoy 2004 Chabot & Drake 2000
Jones & Drake 1983
IIIAB Iron Meteorites 27 Co 5.1           µg/g Haack & McCoy 2004 Chabot & Drake 2000
Jones & Drake 1983
Interior North China Craton 27 Co 35           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 27 Co 22           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 27 Co 19           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 27 Co 18           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 27 Co 25           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Interlayerd Clay & Chert 27 Co 5.1         2 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Interlayered Chert & Limestone 27 Co 7         5 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Interlayered Clay & Chert 27 Co 184.8         12 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Intermediate Granulites 27 Co 29         136 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Intermediate Mafic Archean Granulites 27 Co 26 22       45 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Intermediate Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 27 Co 33 29       17 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Intermediate Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 27 Co 35 30       65 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Intermediate Precambrian Granulites 27 Co 33         26 ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Intra Stellar Medium 27 Co 2.15   0.645         Palme & Jones 2004 Savage & Sembach 1996
Island Arc Andesite 27 Co 44.17         56 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Island Arc Andesite 27 Co 30.69         8 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Island Arc Andesite 27 Co 0.0035             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Island Arcs 27 Co 25           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
IVA Iron Meteorites 27 Co 4           µg/g Haack & McCoy 2004 Chabot & Drake 2000
Jones & Drake 1983
IVB Iron Meteorites 27 Co 7.6           µg/g Haack & McCoy 2004 Chabot & Drake 2000
Jones & Drake 1983
Izu-Bonin Trench 27 Co 8.5           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Japan Trench 27 Co 30.8           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Java Trench 27 Co 25.9           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Johnstown Diogenite 27 Co 38.1           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977
Jonzac Eucrite 27 Co 9.3           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Jonzac Eucrite 27 Co 9.3           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Juvinas Eucrite 27 Co 6.5           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Juvinas Eucrite 27 Co 6.5           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Juvinas Eucrite 27 Co 4           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Schmitt et al. 1972
Juvinas Eucrite 27 Co 5.8           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Wanke et al. 1972
Kamchatka Basalt 27 Co 41.72         36 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Kamchatka Trench 27 Co 7           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kapoeta Howardite 27 Co 23.6           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Kapoeta Howardite 27 Co 21.6           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Kapoeta Howardites 27 Co 28           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972
Kenna Ureilite 27 Co 164   2       ppm Boynton et al. 1976
Kerm Trench 27 Co 86.9           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Komatiites 27 Co 110           ppm Condie 1993
Komatiites   Fe/Co 830             McDonough 1991
Komatiites   Ni/Co 12             McDonough 1991
Kuriles Trench 27 Co 30.8           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kyzyl Kum 27 Co 7         5 ppm Altschuller 1980 Kapustyanski 1964
La Caja Formation 27 Co 3         8 ppm Altschuller 1980 Rogers et al. 1956
Late Archean Upper Crust 27 Co 22           ppm Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust 27 Co 19           ppm Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust   Co/Th 2.8             Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust   Co/Th 2.4             Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust   Ni/Co 3.9             Condie 1993
Late Archean Upper Crust   Ni/Co 3.9             Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 15           ppm Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 17           ppm Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.8             Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.4             Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.8             Condie 1993
Late Proterozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.8             Condie 1993
Least-Altered Basalt at ODP/DSDP Site 504 27 Co 0.1   0.03     58 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986
Lesser Antilles Basalt 27 Co 61.22         13 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
LL Ordinary Chondrites 27 Co 450           µg/g Grossman & Wasson 1985
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 38           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 31           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Taylor 1987
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 41           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Presper 1990
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 38           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 31           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Liu et al. 2001
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 22           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Villaseca et al. 1999
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 20           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie & Selverstone 1999
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 38           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 33           ppm Shaw et al. 1986 Taylor & McLennan 1981
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 39           ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 38           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 35           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 38           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 36           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 33           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 38           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 27 Co 38           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Luzon Basalt 27 Co 35.63         7 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
MAC 88177 Lodranite 27 Co 100           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Macibini Eucrites 27 Co 8.52           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1973
Buchanan et al. 2000b
MacKenzie River Particulates 27 Co 14           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Mafic Archean Granulites 27 Co 48 47       34 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mafic Granulites 27 Co 57         128 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 27 Co 53 42       105 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mafic Intrusions 27 Co 41         308 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 27 Co 52 50       39 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Magdalena River Particulates 27 Co 19           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Makran Trench 27 Co 20.4           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Malvern Howardites 27 Co 15.5           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Palme et al. 1978
Manganese Nodules 27 Co 2700           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988
Mantle Xenoliths 27 Co 0.014           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough 1990
Marianas Basalt 27 Co 34.79         14 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Marianas Trench 27 Co 21.6           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Marine Organisms 27 Co 0.43           ppm Li 1991 Bowen 1979
Marine Pelagic Clay 27 Co 74           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Marine Pelagic Clay 27 Co 74           ppm Li 1982
Marine Phosphorites 27 Co 7 5   0 35 15 ppm Altschuller 1980
Marine Shales 27 Co 19           ppm Altschuller 1980 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Marine Shales 27 Co 19           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Mavic Volcanics 27 Co 39         632 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Mead Peak Phosphatic Shale Member 27 Co 0.001         41 ppm Gulbrandsen 1966
Mekong River Particulates 27 Co 20           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 27 Co 18           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 27 Co 30           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 27 Co 21           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 27 Co 30           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 14           ppm Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 15           ppm Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.7             Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.4             Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.7             Condie 1993
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.7             Condie 1993
META 78008 Urelite 27 Co 123           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Metafelsic Volcanics 27 Co 5         41 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Metalliferous Clay 27 Co 379.3         12 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Metapelitic Granulitic Xenolites 27 Co 26 21       43 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mexico Trench 27 Co 36           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Middle Continental Crust 27 Co 30           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994
Middle Continental Crust 27 Co 25           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Middle Continental Crust 27 Co 18           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998
Middle Continental Crust 27 Co 25           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Middle Continental Crust 27 Co 22           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Middle Continental Crust 27 Co 22   5       µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 17           ppm Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 15           ppm Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.8             Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.5             Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.9             Condie 1993
Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.9             Condie 1993
Miles IIE Iron 27 Co 263           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Ebihara et al. 1997
Miles IIE Iron 27 Co 302           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Ebihara et al. 1997
Mincy Mesosiderite 27 Co 138           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press
Simpson & Ahrens 1977
Mishash Formation 27 Co 20         3 ppm Altschuller 1980 Mazor 1963
Mississippi River Particulates 27 Co 21           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Molteno Howardite 27 Co 35           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Monterey Formation 27 Co 5         5 ppm Altschuller 1980
Moore County Eucrite 27 Co 11.3           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
N-MORB 27 Co 50.1           ppm Klein 2004 Niu et al. 1999
N-MORB 27 Co 54           ppm Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
N-MORB 27 Co 47.07           ppm Hart et al. 1999 Hofmann 1988
Ito et al. 1987
Smith et al. 1995
Hauri & Hart 1997
N-MORB 27 Co 47.07   3.719     26 ppm Hofmann 1988 Jochum et al. 1988
N-MORB 27 Co 37.8           ppm Klein 2004 Thompson et al. 1980
Nakhla Meteorite 27 Co 48   5       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Nakhla Nakhlite 27 Co 81           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Nankai Trench 27 Co 15.9           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Nano Ooze 27 Co 12.5         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Nepheline Syenites 27 Co 0.2         108 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
New Hebrides Islands 27 Co 44.67         6 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Niger River Particulates 27 Co 40           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
North American Shale Composite (NASC) 27 Co 7.6           ppm Morgan et al. 1978
North American Shale Composite (NASC) 27 Co 14.3           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Wanke & Palme 1974
North American Shale Composite (NASC) 27 Co 26           ppm Condie 1993
North Antilles Trench 27 Co 22.7           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 28           ppm Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 21           ppm Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 16           ppm Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 19           ppm Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 21           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 27 Co         0.01 8 wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980
Novo-Urei Ureilite 27 Co 134   5       ppm Boynton et al. 1976
Nuevo Laredo Eucrite 27 Co 2.17           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Jerde 1987
Ob River Particulates 27 Co 14           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Ocean Arc Xenoliths 27 Co 149 139 33     21   Pearson et al. 2004
Ocean Island Basalts 27 Co 0.0592             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Ocean Island Basalts 27 Co 1.51             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Oceanic Crust 27 Co 45           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1981
Oceanic Crust 27 Co 47           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Hofmann 1988
Oceanic Island Xenoliths 27 Co 153 141 26     16   Pearson et al. 2004
Oceans Deep water 27 Co 2           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Knauer & Martin 1973
Oceans Surface water 27 Co 7           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Knauer & Martin 1973
ODP Site 735 27 Co 42.2 39       22 ppm Hart et al. 1999
Oldoinyo Lengai Carbonatite 27 Co 0.0787             Oppenheimer 2004 Oppenheimer et al. 2002
Orangeite 27 Co 80         114 ppm Farmer 2004 Mitchell 1995
Orgueil Chondrite 27 Co 500           µg/g Grossman et al. 1985
Orgueil Chondrite 27 Co 507         12 ppm Anders & Grevesse 1989
Orgueil Chondrite 27 Co 509         10 ppm Anders & Ebihara 1982
Orinoco River Particulates 27 Co 10           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Paleozoic Orogens 27 Co 24           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Paleozoic Orogens 27 Co 34           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Paleozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 14           ppm Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust 27 Co 16           ppm Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.8             Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust   Co/Th 1.4             Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.8             Condie 1993
Paleozoic Upper Crust   Ni/Co 1.8             Condie 1993
Parana River Particulates 27 Co 23           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Pelagic Clay 27 Co 24.2         56 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 27 Co 15.9         55 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 27 Co 29.3         6 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 27 Co 24.2         56 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 27 Co 23.4         8 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 27 Co 32.7         6 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 27 Co 178.2         3 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelites 27 Co 16         1341 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Pelites 27 Co 16         69 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Pena Blanca Spring Aubrite 27 Co 9.8           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wolf et al. 1983
Lodders et al. 1993
Peninsular Range Batholith 27 Co 14           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995
Periodotite Section in Ophiolites 27 Co   110         ppm McDonough 1991
Periodotite Section in Ophiolites   Fe/Co 570   50         McDonough 1991
Periodotite Section in Ophiolites   Ni/Co 19   1.3         McDonough 1991
Peru Trench 27 Co 31           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pesyanoe Aubrite 27 Co 2.4           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Pesyanoe Aubrite 27 Co 14           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Petersburg Eucrites 27 Co 69           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason et al. 1979
Buchanan & Reid 1996
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 27 Co 44         1 ppm Farmer 2004 Peate 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 27 Co 36         1 ppm Farmer 2004 Peate 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 27 Co 50         1 ppm Farmer 2004 Peate 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 27 Co 64.7         7 ppm Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 27 Co 41.3         9 ppm Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993
Philip Trench 27 Co 80.6           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Phosphoria Formation 27 Co         0.001 61 ppm Gulbrandsen 1966
Phosphoria Formation 27 Co 2         60 ppm Altschuller 1980 Gulbrandsen 1966
Precambrian Canadian Shield 27 Co 12           ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Precambrian Granulites 27 Co 39         88 ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 104           ppm Hofmann 1988 Hart & Zindler 1986
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 105   10.5       ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 104           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Hofmann 1988
Primitive Mantle 27 Co   105         ppm McDonough 1991 McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun 1982
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 102           ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 O'Neill & Palme 1998
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 102   5.1       ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 O'Neill & Palme 1998
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 104           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 0.013           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 0.012           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Palme & Nickel 1985
Primitive Mantle 27 Co 0.013           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986
Primitive Mantle   Fe/Co 620             McDonough 1991
Primitive Mantle   Ni/Co 18             McDonough 1991
Primitive Mantle   Ni/Co 18.7             McDonough & Sun 1995
Primitive Mantle   Ni/Co 17             McDonough 1990 McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun & McDonough 1989
Sun 1982
Qingzhen Enstatite Chondrite 27 Co 880           µg/g Grossman et al. 1985
QUE 94201 Meteorite 27 Co 24   1       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Radiolarian Clay 27 Co 41.7         2 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 27 Co 48.7         8 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 27 Co 48.7         8 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarites 27 Co 17.6         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarites 27 Co 12.5         17 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Retort Phosphatic Shale Member 27 Co         0.001 20 ppm Gulbrandsen 1966
Rifted Continental Margins 27 Co 40           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Rifted Continental Margins 27 Co 24           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995
River Particulates 27 Co 20           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Rivers 27 Co 0.1           ppb Li 1982
Ryuku Trench 27 Co 160.5           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Sandstones 27 Co 2.8           ppm Condie 1993
Sandstones 27 Co 6.6           ppm Condie 1993
Scotia Island Basalt 27 Co 35.94         10 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Seawater 27 Co 3e-05             Broeker & Peng 1982
Seawater 27 Co 2           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Knauer & Martin 1973
Seawater 27 Co 15.6             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Craig et al. 1967
Seawater 27 Co 0.02     0.01 0.1     Bruland 1983
Seawater 27 Co 1.2             Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987
Seawater 27 Co 0.002           ppb Li 1982 Knauer et al. 1982
Sera de Mage Eucrite 27 Co 10           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Schmitt et al. 1972
Sera de Mage Eucrite 27 Co 4.8           ppm Morgan et al. 1978
Sera de Mage Eucrite 27 Co 6.5           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Serra De Mage Eucrite 27 Co 14.4           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Shales 27 Co 18           ppm Condie 1993
Shales 27 Co 31           ppm Condie 1993
Shales 27 Co 20           ppm Condie 1993
Shalka Diogenite 27 Co 18           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972
Mittlefehldt 1994
Shallowater Aubrite 27 Co 490           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985
Keil et al. 1989
Shergotty Meteorite 27 Co 40   7       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Shergotty Shergottite 27 Co 63           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Silicate Earth 27 Co 105           µg/g McDonough 1998
Silicate Earth 27 Co 105           ppm McDonough 2004
Silicate Earth 27 Co 105   10.5       ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth   Ni/Co 18.7             McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicic Precambrian Granulites 27 Co 28         23 ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Silicified Limestone 27 Co 7.6           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Silty Mud 27 Co 26.4         16 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Sioux County Eucrite 27 Co 6.8           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Sioux County Eucrite 27 Co 4.3           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Sioux County Eucrite 27 Co 4.3           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Solar Photosphere 27 Co 4.92   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004 Grevesse & Sauval 1998
Solar Photosphere 27 Co 4.92   0.04         Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 27 Co 2250   148.5     18   Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 27 Co 2200             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982
Solar System 27 Co 2250   155.25     16   Anders & Ebihara 1982
Solar System 27 Co 4.9   0.49         Palme & Jones 2004
Solid Earth 27 Co 880           ppm McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 27 Co       0.085 0.0915   wt% McDonough & Sun 1995
Solid Earth 27 Co 880           µg/g McDonough 1998
Solid Earth 27 Co 870           ppm Allegre et al. 1995
Solid Earth   Ni/Co       20.7 20.6     McDonough & Sun 1995
South Antilles Trench 27 Co 22.8           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 27 Co 19           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 27 Co 22           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 27 Co 20           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 27 Co 22           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 27 Co 25           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 15           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 16           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 15           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 27 Co 16           ppm Gao et al. 1998
South Sandwich Trench 27 Co 32.2           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Spinel Peridotites 27 Co 112 111 10     166 ppm McDonough 1990
Spinel Peridotites 27 Co   111         ppm McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Jordan 1979
Boyd 1989
McDonough 1990
Spinel Peridotites   Fe/Co 580   99         McDonough 1991
Spinel Peridotites   Ni/Co 19.4 19.6 2.4     165   McDonough 1990
Spinel Peridotites   Ni/Co 20   4         McDonough 1991
St. Lawrence River Particulates 27 Co 550           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Stannern Eucrite 27 Co 7.5           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Stannern Trend Eucrites 27 Co 14.7           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Stannern Trend Eucrites 27 Co 7.3           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Stannern Trend Eucrites 27 Co 14.7           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Stannern Trend Eucrites 27 Co 7.3           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Subducted Sediment 27 Co 21.9   9.48       ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Sumatra Trench 27 Co 18.2           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Tonalites 27 Co 16           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 27 Co 14         553 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 27 Co 12           ppm Condie 1993
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 27 Co 8.4         641 ppm Gao et al. 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 27 Co 14           ppm Condie 1993
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 27 Co 10           ppm Condie 1993
Tonga Trench 27 Co 216.9           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Tongan Basalts 27 Co 45.07         6 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004
Turbidites 27 Co 17         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Turbidites 27 Co 13         4 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Ultrabasic Precambrian Granulites 27 Co 61         14 ppm Shaw et al. 1986
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 17.3           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 18           ppm Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 10           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 11.6           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 18           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 12           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1967
Shaw et al. 1976
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 17.3   0.6       µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text










Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 12           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 18           ppm Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 10           ppm Taylor et al. 1983 Taylor & McLennan 1981
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 17.3           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 17           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998
Upper Continental Crust 27 Co 17           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Upper Continental Crust   Co/Th 2             Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust   Co/Th 2.1             Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust   Ni/Co 3.3             Condie 1993
Upper Continental Crust   Ni/Co 3.1             Condie 1993
Ureilite Primitive Achondrites 27 Co       80 139   ppm Boynton et al. 1976 Mason 1971
Vanuatu Trench 27 Co 18.9           ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Venus Atmosphere 27 Co 30   18       ppm Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Atmosphere 27 Co 17   1       ppm Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Atmosphere 27 Co 20   3       ppm Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Atmosphere 27 Co 28   7       ppm Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Atmosphere 27 Co 45   10       ppm Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Core 27 Co 0.26           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Morgan & Anders 1980
Lodders & Fegley 1998
Veramin Mesosiderite 27 Co 108.5           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press
Powell 1971
Volcanoclastic Sediment 27 Co 16.2         15 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Volcanoclastic Turbidites 27 Co 30.4         13 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Volcanoclastic Turbidites 27 Co 38         43 ppm Plank & Langmuir 1998
Washougal Howardite 27 Co 43           ppm Laul et al. 1972
Watson IIE Iron 27 Co 41.87           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Olsen et al. 1994
Winonaite Pontlyfni 27 Co 883           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Graham et al. 1977
Davis et al. 1977
Winonaite Tierra Blanca 27 Co 762           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985
Jarosweich 1990
Y-74450 Eucrites 27 Co 12           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977
Y-791491 Lodranite 27 Co 1250           µg/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Yangtze Craton 27 Co 19           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 27 Co 16           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 27 Co 16           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 27 Co 14           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 27 Co 14           ppm Gao et al. 1998
Yemissei River Particulates 27 Co 40           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Yukon River Particulates 27 Co 40           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
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