GERM Reservoir Database
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GERM Database Search Results        
Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s)
Marine Pelagic Clay 44 Ru 0.0002           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Baturin 1988
Silicate Earth 44 Ru 0.005           µg/g McDonough 1998
Silicate Earth 44 Ru 0.005           ppm McDonough 2004
Manganese Nodules 44 Ru 0.008           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988
Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.1           ppb Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.1           ng/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Greywackes 44 Ru 0.1           ppb Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.34           ng/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Peucker-Eherenbrink & Jahn 2001
Upper Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.34           ng/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Upper Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.34   0.02       ng/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text
Oceans Deep water 44 Ru 0.5           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Dixon et al. 1966
Seawater 44 Ru 0.5           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Dixon et al. 1966
Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.57           ng/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.6           ng/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 0.683   0.02049       ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993
Jochum 1996
Oceans Surface water 44 Ru 0.7           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Dixon et al. 1966
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 0.712           ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989
Lower Continental Crust 44 Ru 0.75           ng/g Rudnick & Gao 2004
Solid Earth 44 Ru 1.3           µg/g McDonough 1998
Solid Earth 44 Ru 1.3           ppm McDonough 2004
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 1.8   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004
Solar Photosphere 44 Ru 1.84   0.07         Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar Photosphere 44 Ru 1.84   0.07         Palme & Jones 2004 Grevesse & Sauval 1998
Solar System 44 Ru 1.86   0.10044     9   Anders & Ebihara 1982
Solar System 44 Ru 1.86   0.1     9   Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 44 Ru 1.9             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982
Qingzhen Enstatite Chondrite 44 Ru 1040           ng/g Grossman et al. 1985
CAI Inclusions Allende Meteorite 44 Ru 11.8   0.826       ppm Bischoff & Palme 1987
Spinel Peridotites 44 Ru 12.4 12 4.1     3 ppb McDonough 1990
Allende Meteorite 44 Ru 1200           ng/g Grossman & Wasson 1985
Core 44 Ru 4           µg/g McDonough 1998
Core 44 Ru 4           ppm McDonough 2004
Primitive Mantle 44 Ru 4.55   0.182       ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004
Primitive Mantle 44 Ru 5   1.5       ppb McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth 44 Ru 5   1.5       ppb McDonough & Sun 1995
Depleted Mantle 44 Ru 5.7   0.912       ppb Salters & Stracke 2004
LL Ordinary Chondrites 44 Ru 500           ng/g Grossman & Wasson 1985
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 683   20.49       ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 690           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 710           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 710           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988
CI Chondrites 44 Ru 712   38.5     9 ppb Anders & Grevesse 1989
Orgueil Chondrite 44 Ru 714         5 ppb Anders & Grevesse 1989
Orgueil Chondrite 44 Ru 714         5 ppb Anders & Ebihara 1982
Orgueil Chondrite 44 Ru 780           ng/g Grossman et al. 1985
Seawater 44 Ru         0.005     Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987
Koide et al. 1986
Koide et al. 1986
Koide et al. 1987
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