GERM Reservoir Database
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

	GERM Database Search Results   Save as ... ================== Excel spreadsheet Tab delimited text file   Sort by ... =========== Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Reference =========== Default   Units ... ======= ppm ppb ppt wt% wt%ox ======= Default   Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s) Solar Photosphere 65 Tb -0.1   0.3         Palme & Jones 2004 Grevesse & Sauval 1998 Solar Photosphere 65 Tb -0.1   0.3         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Seawater 65 Tb 9e-07             Broeker & Peng 1982 Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 65 Tb 0.0007           wt% Manheim et al. 1980 Ehrlich 1968 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.0008           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Rivers 65 Tb 0.001           ppb Li 1982 Martin & Meybeck 1979 Seawater 65 Tb 0.001           ppb Li 1982 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.006           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov et al. 1997 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.01           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.013           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Bedini & Bodinier 1999 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.025           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Gregoire et al. 2002 Chassigny Meteorite 65 Tb 0.03   0.02       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 0.0363           ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 0.0374           ppm McDonough & Frey 1989 Palme et al. 1981 Anders & Ebihara 1982 Beer et al. 1984 Jochum et al. 1986 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 0.0375   0.00375       ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993 ALH 84001 Meteorite 65 Tb 0.038   0.005       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 65 Tb 0.049   0.002     16 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 0.053           ppm McDonough et al. 1992 Solar System 65 Tb 0.0589             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Baldissero Spinel Lherzolites 65 Tb 0.06   0.01     14 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.06           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Gregoire et al. 2002 Solar System 65 Tb 0.0603   0.001327     21   Anders & Grevesse 1989 Depleted-Depleted MORB Mantle 65 Tb 0.064           ppm Workman & Hart 2005 Solid Earth 65 Tb 0.067           ppm McDonough 2004 Solid Earth 65 Tb 0.067           µg/g McDonough 1998 Depleted Mantle 65 Tb 0.07     0.065 0.073   ppm Workman & Hart 2005 Spinel Peridotites 65 Tb 0.07 0.056 0.064     146 ppm McDonough 1990 Depleted Mantle 65 Tb 0.075   0.0075       ppm Salters & Stracke 2004 Enriched-Depleted MORB Mantle 65 Tb 0.076           ppm Workman & Hart 2005 Solar System 65 Tb 0.076             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982 Allende Meteorite 65 Tb 0.08           wt%ox Martin & Mason 1974 Balmuccia Spinel Lherzolites 65 Tb 0.08   0.04     18 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.082           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.0849           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.087           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.087           ppm McDonough & Frey 1989 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Silicate Earth 65 Tb 0.087           ppm McDonough et al. 1992 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.09           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Stachel et al. 1998 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.09           ppm McDonough & Frey 1989 Anderson 1983 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.0924           ppm McDonough & Frey 1989 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.093           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.094           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Hofmann 1988 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.094           ppm Hofmann 1988 Hart & Zindler 1986 Silicate Earth 65 Tb 0.094           ppm McDonough et al. 1992 Hofmann 1988 Oceans Deep water 65 Tb 0.1           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Sastry et al. 1969 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.1           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Seawater 65 Tb 0.1           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Sastry et al. 1969 Silicate Earth 65 Tb 0.1           ppm McDonough 2004 Silicate Earth 65 Tb 0.1           µg/g McDonough 1998 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.107           ppm McDonough & Frey 1989 McDonough & Sun 1989 Silicate Earth 65 Tb 0.108           ppm McDonough et al. 1992 Sun 1982 Sun & McDonough 1989 McDonough & Frey 1989 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.11           ppm McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.113           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Carbonates 65 Tb 0.12         50 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Nakhla Meteorite 65 Tb 0.12   0.01       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Olivine Chondrules 65 Tb 0.12     0.08 0.17 3 ppm Martin & Mason 1974 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.125           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 0.126           ppm McDonough & Frey 1989 Wanke et al. 1984 Silicate Earth 65 Tb 0.126           ppm McDonough et al. 1992 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Wanke et al. 1984 Sandstones 65 Tb 0.14           ppm Condie 1993 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.164           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 ALH 77005 Meteorite 65 Tb 0.17   0.01       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Boninites 65 Tb 0.17         38 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Komatiites 65 Tb 0.19           ppm Condie 1993 Seawater 65 Tb 0.21             Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987 Carbonates 65 Tb 0.22         2038 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Sandstones 65 Tb 0.23           ppm Condie 1993 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.232           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 65 Tb 0.253   0.006     31 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.28           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994 Middle Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.28           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.29           ppm Kerr 2004 Aitken & Echeverria 1984 Dupre & Echeverria 1984 Jochum et al. 1991 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.3           ppm Kerr 2004 REE Fractionated CAI Inclusions 65 Tb 0.31     0.12 0.52 5 ppm Martin & Mason 1974 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 65 Tb 0.31         355 ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Martin 1995 Radiolarites 65 Tb 0.32           ppm Elliot et al. 1997 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.33           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Liu et al. 2001 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 0.34   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004 Luzon Basalt 65 Tb 0.38         9 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.39           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov et al. 1997 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.39           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Gergoire et al. 2002 Chert 65 Tb 0.4           ppm Elliot et al. 1997 Archean Amphibolites 65 Tb 0.41           ppm Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1981 Middle Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.41           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.41           ppm Kerr 2004 Aitken & Echeverria 1984 Dupre & Echeverria 1984 Jochum et al. 1991 Peninsular Range Batholith 65 Tb 0.41           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995 Protolith Gabbros at ODP Site 735 65 Tb 0.41         8 ppm Hart et al. 1999 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 65 Tb 0.41   0.052     6 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Aleutian Basalts 65 Tb 0.43         20 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Andesites 65 Tb 0.43         23 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Central American Basalts 65 Tb 0.43         17 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Granulites 65 Tb 0.43           ppm Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1982 Lesser Antilles Basalt 65 Tb 0.43         18 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.43           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.45           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Bedini & Bodinier 1999 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 65 Tb 0.45           ppm Condie 1993 Archean Terrains 65 Tb 0.46           ppm Condie 1991 Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 65 Tb 0.47 0.41       87 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 New Hebrides Islands 65 Tb 0.47         20 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Kermadec Basalts 65 Tb 0.48         10 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.48           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.48           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.48           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 N-MORB 65 Tb 0.48           ppm Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 Shergotty Meteorite 65 Tb 0.48   0.05       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Precambrian Canadian Shield 65 Tb 0.481           ppm Shaw et al. 1986 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.481           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1967 Shaw et al. 1976 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 65 Tb 0.484   0.046     7 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Cascade Basalt 65 Tb 0.49         20 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Felsic Granulites 65 Tb 0.49         137 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 65 Tb 0.49         553 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Tongan Basalts 65 Tb 0.49         9 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Active Continental Rifts 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Archean Terrains 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Basalts 65 Tb 0.5         10 ppm Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 2001 Continental Arcs 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Arcs 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Shields & Platforms 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.5           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Presper 1990 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 North American Shale Composite (NASC) 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Paleozoic Orogens 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Rifted Continental Margins 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.5           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.5           ppm Wedepohl 1995 Continental Arc Andesite 65 Tb 0.51         47 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Continental Arc Andesite 65 Tb 0.51         122 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Greater Antilles Basalt 65 Tb 0.51         16 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Kamchatka Basalt 65 Tb 0.51         27 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Island Arc Andesite 65 Tb 0.52         97 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.52           ppm Kerr 2004 Hauff et al. 2000 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.53           ppm Weaver & Tarney 1984 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.53           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Early Archean Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.53           ppm Condie 1993 Melitite-rich Chondrules 65 Tb 0.53     0.41 0.71 10 ppm Martin & Mason 1974 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.54           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.54           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Glaser et al. 1999 Basalts 65 Tb 0.55           ppm Condie 1993 Early Archean Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.55           ppm Condie 1993 Late Archean Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.55           ppm Condie 1993 Marianas Basalt 65 Tb 0.55         16 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 65 Tb 0.55         641 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Australian Granite 65 Tb 0.56         13 ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Inger & Harris 1993 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.56           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.56           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Felsic Archean Granulites 65 Tb 0.56 0.32       91 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Archean Terrains 65 Tb 0.57           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995 Granulitic Xenolites 65 Tb 0.58 0.54       118 ppm Rudnick & Presper 1990 Graywackes 65 Tb 0.58           ppm Condie 1993 Graywackes 65 Tb 0.58           ppm Condie 1993 Intermediate Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 65 Tb 0.58 0.48       17 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Late Archean Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.58           ppm Condie 1993 Middle Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.58           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Middle Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.58           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.58           ppm Kerr 2004 Salters et al. 1992 Archean Terrains 65 Tb 0.59           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.59           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.59           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Taylor & McLennan 1995 Active Continental Rifts 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Andes Basalt 65 Tb 0.6         26 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Taylor & McLennan 1995 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.6           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Shields & Platforms 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Granites 65 Tb 0.6         1226 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Juvinas Eucrite 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Wanke et al. 1972 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Paleozoic Orogens 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Rifted Continental Margins 65 Tb 0.6           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Oceanic Crust 65 Tb 0.61           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1981 Scotia Island Basalt 65 Tb 0.61         11 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Volcanoclastic Turbidites 65 Tb 0.61           ppm Elliot et al. 1997 Danube River Particulates 65 Tb 0.62           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Interior North China Craton 65 Tb 0.62           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 65 Tb 0.62         7 ppm Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.63           ppm Kerr 2004 Tejada et al. 1996 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 65 Tb 0.63         1 ppm Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 65 Tb 0.63           ppm Condie 1993 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.64           ppm Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Interior North China Craton 65 Tb 0.64           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 65 Tb 0.64           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Island Arcs 65 Tb 0.64           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.64           ppm Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.64           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.64           ppm Taylor et al. 1983 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.64           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Taylor & McLennan 1995 Andean Andesites 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Weaver & Tarney 1984 Bailey 1981 Basalts 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Condie 1993 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.65           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Wedepohl 1995 Granites 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Condie 1993 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.65           ppm Kerr 2004 Salters et al. 1992 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 65 Tb 0.65         9 ppm Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Condie 1993 Graywackes 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Condie 1993 Graywackes 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Condie 1993 Graywackes 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Condie 1993 Graywackes 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Condie 1993 Interior North China Craton 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Intermediate Mafic Archean Granulites 65 Tb 0.66 0.5       19 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Kerr 2004 Reynaud et al. 1999 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.66           ppm Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.66           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 0.67         12 ppm Farmer 2004 Dungan et al. 1986 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.67           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991 Interior North China Craton 65 Tb 0.67           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Basalts 65 Tb 0.68           ppm Condie 1993 Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 65 Tb 0.68         42 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.68           ppm Kerr 2004 Tejada et al. 2002 Andesites 65 Tb 0.69           ppm Condie 1993 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.69           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Intermediate Granulites 65 Tb 0.69         136 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.69           ppm Kerr 2004 Salters et al. 1992 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.69           ppm Condie 1993 Yangtze Craton 65 Tb 0.69           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Andesites 65 Tb 0.7           ppm Condie 1993 Diorite 65 Tb 0.7         260 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 0.7           ppm Condie 1993 Ganges River Particulates 65 Tb 0.7           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Middle Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.7   0.1       µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Middle Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.7           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.7           ppm Kerr 2004 Mahoney et al. 1993 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.7   0.1       µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.7           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.7           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 0.71           ppm Condie 1993 Kimberlite 65 Tb 0.71         22 ppm Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994 Shales 65 Tb 0.71           ppm Condie 1993 ODP/DSDP Site 417/418 65 Tb 0.713           ppm Staudigel et al. 1996 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.715           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Gregoire et al. 2002 Basalts 65 Tb 0.72           ppm Condie 1993 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.72           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie & Selverstone 1999 Metafelsic Volcanics 65 Tb 0.72         41 ppm Gao et al. 1998 N-MORB 65 Tb 0.72           ppm Klein 2004 Niu et al. 1999 Post-Archean Terrrains 65 Tb 0.72           ppm Condie 1991 Andesites 65 Tb 0.73           ppm Condie 1993 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.73           ppm Gao et al. 1998 DSDP/ODP Site 801 65 Tb 0.73           ppm Elliot et al. 1997 Granites 65 Tb 0.73           ppm Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.73           ppm Kerr 2004 Tejada et al. 2002 ODP Site 735 65 Tb 0.73 0.59       22 ppm Hart et al. 1999 Andesites 65 Tb 0.74           ppm Condie 1993 Arenaceous Rocks 65 Tb 0.74         2754 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.74           ppm Gao et al. 1998 East China Craton 65 Tb 0.74           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Granulites 65 Tb 0.74 0.43       158 ppm Rudnick & Presper 1990 Paleozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.74           ppm Condie 1993 Andesites 65 Tb 0.75           ppm Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 0.75           ppm Condie 1993 North Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.75           ppm Gao et al. 1998 ODP/DSDP Site 417/418 65 Tb 0.75           ppm Staudigel et al. 1995 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.75           ppm Hart et al. 1999 Staudigel et al. 1995 Smith et al. 1995 Hart & Staudigel 1989 Staudigel et al. 1989 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.76           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.76           ppm Condie 1993 Middle Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.76           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.76           ppm Condie 1993 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 65 Tb 0.76           ppm Condie 1993 Andesites 65 Tb 0.77           ppm Condie 1993 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.77           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.77           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.77           ppm Condie 1993 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.77           ppm Condie 1993 Mafic Intrusions 65 Tb 0.77         308 ppm Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.77           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 65 Tb 0.776   0.008     42 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 65 Tb 0.777   0.033     13 ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 0.78           ppm Condie 1993 North Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.78           ppm Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 65 Tb 0.78           ppm Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 65 Tb 0.78           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.79           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.79           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Taylor 1987 Paleozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.79           ppm Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 0.8           ppm Condie 1993 Intermediate Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 65 Tb 0.8 0.6       22 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.8           ppm Condie 1993 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.8           ppm Kerr 2004 Kerr et al. 1997 Hauff et al. 2000 Yangtze Craton 65 Tb 0.8           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.81           ppm Wedepohl 1995 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.81           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.81           ppm Condie 1993 North Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.81           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.81           ppm Kerr 2004 Mahoney et al. 1993 Shales 65 Tb 0.81           ppm Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 0.82         27 ppm Farmer 2004 Farmer et al. 2002 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.82           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Johnson et al. 1996 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Condie 1993 East China Craton 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Condie 1993 REE Unfractionated CAI Inclusions 65 Tb 0.82     0.81 0.82 2 ppm Martin & Mason 1974 South Margin of North China Craton 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Upper Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.82           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 65 Tb 0.82           ppm Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.83           ppm Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 65 Tb 0.83           ppm Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.83           ppm Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.83           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Felsic Post-Archean Granulites 65 Tb 0.84 0.6       11 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 North Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.84           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Andesites 65 Tb 0.85           ppm Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 0.85         7 ppm Farmer 2004 Price et al. 1997 Marine Shales 65 Tb 0.85           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961 Haskin & Haskin 1966 North American Shale Composite (NASC) 65 Tb 0.85           ppm Condie 1993 South Qinling Belt in China 65 Tb 0.85           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 65 Tb 0.85           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Basalts 65 Tb 0.86         13 ppm Farmer 2004 Robert et al. 1992 Central East China Craton 65 Tb 0.86           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Lower Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.86           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a Arenaceous Rocks 65 Tb 0.87         121 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Pelites 65 Tb 0.87         69 ppm Gao et al. 1998 QUE 94201 Meteorite 65 Tb 0.87   0.09       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 N-MORB 65 Tb 0.885   0.3372     26 ppm Hofmann 1988 Jochum et al. 1988 N-MORB 65 Tb 0.885           ppm Hart et al. 1999 Hofmann 1988 Ito et al. 1987 Smith et al. 1995 Hauri & Hart 1997 Oceanic Crust 65 Tb 0.89           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Hofmann 1988 Continental Crust 65 Tb 0.9           µg/g Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor 1964 Garonne River Particulates 65 Tb 0.9           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Granites 65 Tb 0.9         402 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Mekong River Particulates 65 Tb 0.9           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 65 Tb 0.9         1 ppm Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Seawater 65 Tb 0.9             Bruland 1983 Shales 65 Tb 0.9           ppm Condie 1993 Yangtze Craton 65 Tb 0.9           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Amphibolites 65 Tb 0.92         189 ppm Gao et al. 1998 North Pacific Ocean Deep Water 65 Tb 0.92             Bruland 1983 Masuda & Ikeuchi 1979 N-MORB 65 Tb 0.93           ppm Klein 2004 Thompson et al. 1980 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.93           ppm Kerr 2004 Kerr et al. 1997 Hauff et al. 2000 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 0.94         972 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 0.94           ppm Kerr 2004 Mahoney et al. 1995 South Margin of North China Craton 65 Tb 0.94           ppm Gao et al. 1998 Basalts 65 Tb 0.957         8 ppm Farmer 2004 Zhang & O'Reilly 1997 Pelites 65 Tb 0.97         1341 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Basalts 65 Tb 0.99         4 ppm Farmer 2004 Chung 1999 Core 65 Tb 0           µg/g McDonough 1998 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 1           ppm Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 65 Tb 1           ppm Condie 1993 Mafic Archean Granulites 65 Tb 1 0.6       27 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 65 Tb 1 0.8       27 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Marine Pelagic Clay 65 Tb 1           ppm Li 1982 Piper 1974 Marine Shales 65 Tb 1         36 ppm Altschuller 1980 Hermann 1970 River Particulates 65 Tb 1           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Mavic Volcanics 65 Tb 1.01         632 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Orangeite 65 Tb 1.01         114 ppm Farmer 2004 Mitchell 1995 Basalts 65 Tb 1.03         9 ppm Farmer 2004 Hoang & Flower 1998 Mafic Granulites 65 Tb 1.05         128 ppm Gao et al. 1998 Metapelitic Granulitic Xenolites 65 Tb 1.05 0.9       40 ppm Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 65 Tb 1.12         36 ppm Farmer 2004 Hooper & Hawkesworth 1993 Granites 65 Tb 1.15           ppm Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 1.17         3 ppm Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 1995 Granulites 65 Tb 1.18 0.83       75 ppm Rudnick & Presper 1990 Basalts 65 Tb 1.23         16 ppm Farmer 2004 Rogers et al. 1998 Oceanic Plateaus 65 Tb 1.25           ppm Kerr 2004 Salters et al. 1992 Granites 65 Tb 1.28           ppm Condie 1993 Basalts 65 Tb 1.53         7 ppm Farmer 2004 Conticelli et al. 1997 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 65 Tb 1.54         1 ppm Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Congo River Particulates 65 Tb 1.6           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Marine Pelagic Clay 65 Tb 1.9           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961 Rankin & Glasby 1979 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 65 Tb 10.4           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Bedini & Bodinier 1999 Barea Mesosiderite 65 Tb 101           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason & Jarosewich 1973 Mittlefehldt in press Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 105   15.75       ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 105           ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Y-791491 Lodranite 65 Tb 13           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 Angrite Angra Dos Reis 65 Tb 1390           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990 Estherville Mesosiderite 65 Tb 146           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Simpson & Ahrens 1977 Frankfort Howardites 65 Tb 150           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972 Palme et al. 1978 ALHA 81101 Urelite 65 Tb 2.1           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992 Spitz & Boynton 1991 Basalts 65 Tb 2.2         6 ppm Farmer 2004 Turner et al. 1996a Chaunskij Mesosiderite 65 Tb 206           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Petaev et al. 2000 Moore County Eucrite 65 Tb 239           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Aubres Aubrite 65 Tb 25.2           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985 Wolf et al. 1983 Kapoeta Howardites 65 Tb 290           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972 Marine Apatites 65 Tb 3.2         13 ppm Altschuller 1980 Veramin Mesosiderite 65 Tb 31           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Powell 1971 MAC 88177 Lodranite 65 Tb 35           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 Orgueil Chondrite 65 Tb 35.3         4 ppb Anders & Ebihara 1982 Orgueil Chondrite 65 Tb 35.3         4 ppb Anders & Grevesse 1989 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 35.5   4.26     6 ppb Anders & Ebihara 1982 Evensen et al. 1978 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 35.5           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988 Malvern Howardites 65 Tb 350           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Palme et al. 1978 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 36.1           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 36.3   0.799     21 ppb Anders & Grevesse 1989 Angrite LEW 87051 65 Tb 360           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 37           ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988 CI Chondrites 65 Tb 37.5   3.75       ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004 Ibitira Eucrite 65 Tb 380           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990 Barrat et al. 2000 Petersburg Eucrites 65 Tb 392           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason et al. 1979 Buchanan & Reid 1996 Sioux County Eucrite 65 Tb 398           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 ALHA 77257 Urelite 65 Tb 4.1           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992 Spitz & Boynton 1991 Pelagic Clay 65 Tb 4.9           ppm Elliot et al. 1997 Macibini Eucrites 65 Tb 414           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1973 Buchanan et al. 2000b Brachina Brachinite 65 Tb 47           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Nehru et al. 1983 Manganese Nodules 65 Tb 5.4           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988 Cratonic Xenoliths 65 Tb 5.88           ppm Pearson et al. 2004 Gibson Lodranite 65 Tb 50           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 D'Orbigny Angrite 65 Tb 511           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt et al. 2002 Nuevo Laredo Eucrite 65 Tb 540           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Jerde 1987 Mincy Mesosiderite 65 Tb 58           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Simpson & Ahrens 1977 Watson IIE Iron 65 Tb 59.8           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Olsen et al. 1994 Pena Blanca Spring Aubrite 65 Tb 6.65           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wolf et al. 1983 Lodders et al. 1993 Continental Crust 65 Tb 600           ppb Palme & O'Neill 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Acapulcoite Primitive Achondrites 65 Tb 62           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Yanai & Kojima 1991 Zipfel et al. 1995 Greywackes 65 Tb 630           ppb Wedepohl 1995 EET 84302 Acapulcoite 65 Tb 65           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 Continental Crust 65 Tb 650           ppb Wedepohl 1995 Y-74450 Eucrites 65 Tb 660           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977 Binda Eucrite 65 Tb 70.5           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Stannern Eucrite 65 Tb 724           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Tonalites 65 Tb 750           ppb Wedepohl 1995 ALHA77081 Acapulcoite 65 Tb 80           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Schultz et al. 1982 Serra De Mage Eucrite 65 Tb 83.9           ng/g Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb 99   9.9       ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Silicate Earth 65 Tb 99   9.9       ppb McDonough & Sun 1995 Garnet Peridotites 65 Tb   0.05         ppm McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Jordan 1979 Boyd 1989 McDonough 1990 Island Arc Andesite 65 Tb             ppm Kelemen et al. 2004 Marine Apatites 65 Tb       1 6 13 ppm Altschuller 1980 Periodotite Section in Ophiolites 65 Tb   0.061         ppm McDonough 1991 Primitive Mantle 65 Tb   0.108         ppm McDonough 1991 McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Spinel Peridotites 65 Tb   0.056         ppm McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Jordan 1979 Boyd 1989 McDonough 1990