GERM Reservoir Database
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

	GERM Database Search Results   Save as ... ================== Excel spreadsheet Tab delimited text file   Sort by ... =========== Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Reference =========== Default   Units ... ======= ppm ppb ppt wt% wt%ox ======= Default   Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s) 21¿N EPR Hydrothermal Vents 14 Si       15 20     Bowers & Taylor 1985 Acapulcoite Primitive Achondrites 14 Si 176.5             Mittlefehldt 2004 Yanai & Kojima 1991 Zipfel et al. 1995 Active Continental Rifts 14 Si 55           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Active Continental Rifts 14 Si 60.5           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Ademellites 14 Si 68.65         113 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 AII Fracture Zone Basalts 14 Si 50.45           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Johnson & Dick 1992 Alaska Trench 14 Si 60.55           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Aleutian Basalts 14 Si 50.5         66 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Aleutian Trench 14 Si 59.63           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 ALH 77005 Meteorite 14 Si 19.8   0.4         McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 ALH 84001 Meteorite 14 Si 24.7   0.1         McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 ALH 84025 Brachinite 14 Si 170             Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1989a ALHA 77257 Urelite 14 Si 192.2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992 Spitz & Boynton 1991 ALHA77081 Acapulcoite 14 Si 191             Mittlefehldt 2004 Schultz et al. 1982 Allende Meteorite 14 Si 34.28           wt%ox Martin & Mason 1974 Amazon River Particulates 14 Si 267000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Amphibolites 14 Si 49.85         189 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Andaman Trench 14 Si 61.57           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Andean Andesites 14 Si 59.2           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Bailey 1981 Andes Basalt 14 Si 52.58         56 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Andesites 14 Si 59.03         47 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Andesites 14 Si 59           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 14 Si 59.4           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 14 Si 59.5           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 14 Si 58.8           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 14 Si 59.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 14 Si 58.7           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 14 Si 59.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Andesites 14 Si 57.94         2203 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Andesites 14 Si 53.94         50 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Plank & Langmuir 1988 Angrite Angra Dos Reis 14 Si 204.3             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990 Angrite LEW 87051 14 Si 188.9             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990 Anorthosites 14 Si 50.28         97 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Archean Amphibolites 14 Si 66.7           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1981 Archean Canadian Shield 14 Si 65.1           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971 Archean Canadian Shield 14 Si 66.5           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Cameron et al. 1979 Archean Canadian Shield 14 Si 65.3           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Goodwin 1978 Archean Canadian Shield 14 Si 57.4           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Archean Lower Crust 14 Si 61.2           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Archean Terrains 14 Si 61.3           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Shaw et al. 1967 Archean Terrains 14 Si 64           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Rogers 1978 Archean Terrains 14 Si 26.6           wt% Taylor & McLennan 1995 Archean Terrains 14 Si 28.1           wt% Taylor & McLennan 1995 Archean Terrains 14 Si 55.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Arenaceous Rocks 14 Si 73.8         2754 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Arenaceous Rocks 14 Si 70.69         121 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Ashy Clay 14 Si 48.74         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Atmosphere   32Si 0.3             Turekian & Graustein 2004 Lal & Peters 1967 Aubres Aubrite 14 Si 273.7             Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985 Wolf et al. 1983 Australian Granite 14 Si 74.16         13 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Inger & Harris 1993 Australian Granite 14 Si 69.5         1074 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Wormald & Price 1988 Australian Granite 14 Si 72.06           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Collins et al. 1982 Australian Granite 14 Si 75.93         6 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Turner et al. 1992 Australian Granite 14 Si 68.1         8 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Whalen 1985 Australian Granite 14 Si 70.91         704 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Chappell & White 1992 Barea Mesosiderite 14 Si 233             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason & Jarosewich 1973 Mittlefehldt in press Basaltic Glass at ODP/DSDP Site 504 14 Si 50.66   0.66     51 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986 Basalts 14 Si 50.3           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 14 Si 50.2           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 14 Si 50.8           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 14 Si 49.4         5 wt% Farmer 2004 Wilson et al. 1997 Basalts 14 Si 49.6         9 wt% Farmer 2004 Hoang & Flower 1998 Basalts 14 Si 51.6         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Price et al. 1997 Basalts 14 Si 46.6         23 wt% Farmer 2004 Paslick et al. 1995 Basalts 14 Si 45.1         8 wt% Farmer 2004 Marzoli et al. 2000 Basalts 14 Si 47.7         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Turner et al. 1996a Basalts 14 Si 50.5           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 14 Si 50.7           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 14 Si 50.3           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 14 Si 50.5           wt%ox Condie 1993 Basalts 14 Si 49.2         3156 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Basalts 14 Si 48.8         3 wt% Farmer 2004 Wilson et al. 1997 Basalts 14 Si 48.3         10 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 2001 Basalts 14 Si 48.1         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Conticelli et al. 1997 Basalts 14 Si 42.7         16 wt% Farmer 2004 Jung & Hoernes 2000 Basalts 14 Si 48.2         27 wt% Farmer 2004 Farmer et al. 2002 Basalts 14 Si 47.4         3 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 1995 Basalts 14 Si 49.5         13 wt% Farmer 2004 Robert et al. 1992 Basalts 14 Si 47.4         44 wt% Farmer 2004 Baker et al. 1997 Basalts 14 Si 45.3         8 wt% Farmer 2004 Zhang & O'Reilly 1997 Basalts 14 Si 45.1         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Marzoli et al. 2000 Basalts 14 Si 46.8         4 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung 1999 Basalts 14 Si 49.5         12 wt% Farmer 2004 Dungan et al. 1986 Basalts 14 Si 46.8         16 wt% Farmer 2004 Rogers et al. 1998 Basanites 14 Si 44.3         138 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Basic Precambrian Granulites 14 Si 49.18         25 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Binda Eucrite 14 Si 235.7             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Boninites 14 Si 56.83         348 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Brown Clay 14 Si 49.47         29 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Brown Clay 14 Si 49.66         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Ca-Al-rich Inclusions 14 Si 35.1           wt%ox Bischoff & Keil 1983 Ca-Al-rich Inclusions 14 Si 32.9           wt%ox Bischoff & Keil 1983 McSween 1977 Carbonaceous Chondrites   Mg/Si 0.91   0.04         McDonough & Sun 1995 Carbonate 14 Si 13.32         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Carbonate Turbidites 14 Si 26.8         87 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Carbonates 14 Si 13.66         2038 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Carbonates 14 Si 13         50 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Carbonates 14 Si 10.14   0.62     162 wt%ox Mirota & Veizer 1994 Cascade Basalt 14 Si 51.62         60 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Cascadia Trench 14 Si 57.86           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Central America Trench 14 Si 23.39           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Central American Basalts 14 Si 50.27         78 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Central East China Craton 14 Si 57.63           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 61.54           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 65.46           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 61.82           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 61.86           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 58.46           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 63.7           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 58.07           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 58.18           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 60.41           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton 14 Si 62.72           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton   Si/Ge 237000             Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton   Si/Ge 326000             Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton   Si/Ge 231000             Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton   Si/Ge 218000             Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton   Si/Ge 229000             Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton   Si/Ge 231000             Gao et al. 1998 Central East China Craton   Si/Ge 253000             Gao et al. 1998 Chassigny Meteorite 14 Si 17.5   0.5         McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Chaunskij Mesosiderite 14 Si 191.4             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Petaev et al. 2000 Chert 14 Si 83.56           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 Chert 14 Si 88.68         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Chert 14 Si 82.68         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Chondrule Silicates   Si/Al 0.4             Grossman & Wasson 1985 Chondrule Silicates   Si/Mg 0.03             Grossman & Wasson 1985 Chondrules 14 Si 47.2           wt%ox Bischoff & Keil 1983 CI Chondrites   Mg/Si 0.906             McDonough & Sun 1995 CI Chondrites 14 Si 10.68   0.3204       wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004 CI Chondrites 14 Si 10.5           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988 CI Chondrites 14 Si 10.64           wt% Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989 CI Chondrites 14 Si 10.68   0.3204       wt% Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993 CI Chondrites 14 Si 7.55   0.01         Palme & Jones 2004 CI Chondrites 14 Si 10.7           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988 CI Chondrites 14 Si 10.64   0.468     9 wt% Anders & Grevesse 1989 CI Chondrites 14 Si 10.65           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 CI Chondrites 14 Si 21.26           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Palme et al. 1981 Anders & Ebihara 1982 Beer et al. 1984 Jochum et al. 1986 CI Chondrites   Si/Al 0.047             Grossman & Wasson 1985 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1984 CI Chondrites   Si/Mg 0.014             Grossman & Wasson 1985 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1984 Clastic Turbidites 14 Si 57.86         28 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 CO Chondrites 14 Si 53   9     8 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993 Greshake 1997 CO Chondrites 14 Si 33.3   0.7     106 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993 Greshake 1997 CO Chondrites 14 Si 33.6   0.9     36 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993 Greshake 1997 CO Chondrites 14 Si 47   4     6 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993 Greshake 1997 Colombia Trench 14 Si 35.7           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Colorado River Particulates 14 Si 362000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Comet Halley 14 Si 7.85   0.04         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Jessberger et al. 1988 Comet Halley 14 Si -7.79             Anders & Grevesse 1989 Geiss 1987 Comet Halley 14 Si 7.73             Anders & Grevesse 1989 Delsemme 1988 Congo River Particulates 14 Si 239000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Continental Arc Andesite 14 Si 51.33         497 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Continental Arc Andesite 14 Si 58.05         142 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Continental Arc Xenoliths   Al/Si 0.07 0.07 0.02     28   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Arc Xenoliths   Mg/Si 1.2 1.17 0.1     28   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Arc Xenoliths 14 Si 44.41 44.71 1.17     28   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Arcs 14 Si 50.6           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Arcs 14 Si 57.3           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust   Ge/Si 4.65e-06             Salters & Stracke 2004 Continental Crust 14 Si 64.5           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1986 Continental Crust 14 Si 60.6           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Continental Crust 14 Si 26.77           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Continental Crust 14 Si 60.6           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 63.9           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Continental Crust 14 Si 60.6           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Continental Crust 14 Si 59.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 26.8           wt% Taylor & McLennan 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 28.8           wt% Wedepohl 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 63.7           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Smithson 1978 Continental Crust 14 Si 63.2           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Continental Crust 14 Si 63.2           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Continental Crust 14 Si 62.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Ronov & Yaroshevsky 1967 Continental Crust 14 Si 285200           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991 Continental Crust 14 Si 62.8           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Holland & Lambert 1972 Continental Crust 14 Si 60.4           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor 1964 Continental Crust 14 Si 61.9           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Goldschmidt 1933 Continental Crust 14 Si 63.1           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Vinogradov 1962 Continental Crust 14 Si 60.2           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor 1964 Continental Crust 14 Si 61.9           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1969 Continental Crust 14 Si 62.5           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Holland & Lambert 1972 Continental Crust 14 Si 58           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Continental Crust 14 Si 61.5           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Wedepohl 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 57.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Taylor & McLennan 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 64.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a Continental Crust 14 Si 60.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 62.4           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Christensen & Mooney 1995 Continental Crust 14 Si 62.8           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 52.84           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 42.53           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 57.32           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Zipfel & Worner 1992 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 56           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 55.53           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 55.61           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 55.41           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 55.16           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 42.67           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 0.13           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 0.12           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 52.4           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 52.21           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 52.6           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 48.64           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Zipfel & Worner 1992 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 0.11           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 42.28           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 43.41           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 52.32           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Zipfel & Worner 1992 Continental Intraplate Peridotite 14 Si 52.82           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths   Al/Si 0.06 0.06 0.03     273   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths   Mg/Si 1.17 1.2 0.26     273   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 14 Si 44.33 44.42 1.39     273   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Rift Xenoliths   Al/Si 0.07 0.08 0.03     23   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Rift Xenoliths   Mg/Si 1.19 1.19 0.11     23   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Rift Xenoliths 14 Si 44.58 44.43 0.87     23   Pearson et al. 2004 Continental Shields & Platforms 14 Si 52.4           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Continental Shields & Platforms 14 Si 57.8           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Core 14 Si 14           wt% Li & Fei 2004 Wanke & Dreibus 1997 Core 14 Si 7.35           wt% Li & Fei 2004 Allegre et al. 1995 Core 14 Si 6           wt% McDonough 2004 Core 14 Si 7.35           wt% Allegre et al. 1995 Core 14 Si 6           wt% McDonough 2004 Core 14 Si 6.4           wt% McDonough 1998 Core 14 Si 6           wt% McDonough 2004 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 56.9           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 56.1           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Smith et al. 1991 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 54.9           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 41.6           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 42.3           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 54.3           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 56.4           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 42           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 58           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 55           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Smith et al. 1991 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 56.8           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996 Cratonic Peridotite 14 Si 42.6           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Smith et al. 1991 Cratonic Xenoliths   Al/Si 0.03 0.02 0.02     232   Pearson et al. 2004 Cratonic Xenoliths   Mg/Si 1.38 1.39 0.11     232   Pearson et al. 2004 Cratonic Xenoliths 14 Si 43.27 43.39 1.63     232   Pearson et al. 2004 D'Orbigny Angrite 14 Si 179             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt et al. 2002 Dacites 14 Si 65.01         578 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Danube River Particulates 14 Si 299000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Depleted D-MORB basalts 14 Si 44.71           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Depleted Mantle 14 Si 44.9   0.449       wt%ox Salters & Stracke 2004 Depleted MORB Mantle Clinopyroxene 14 Si 50.61           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Depleted MORB Mantle Olivine 14 Si 40.7           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Depleted MORB Mantle Orthopyroxene 14 Si 53.36           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Diabases 14 Si 50.14         370 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Diatom Oozes & Clay 14 Si 71.3         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Diatome Clay 14 Si 70.77         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Diatome Mud 14 Si 55.78         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Diatome Ooze 14 Si 65         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Diorite 14 Si 57.33         260 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Diorites 14 Si 57.48         755 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Dolerites 14 Si 50.18         687 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 DSDP/ODP Site 800 14 Si 61.68           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 DSDP/ODP Site 801 14 Si 78.67           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 DSDP/ODP Site 801 14 Si 73.61           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Dunites 14 Si 38.29         78 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 E-MORB 14 Si 51.28           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 Early Archean Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Early Archean Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Early Archean Upper Crust 14 Si 65.35           wt%ox Condie 1993 Early Archean Upper Crust 14 Si 66.42           wt%ox Condie 1993 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.23             Condie 1993 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 66.86           wt%ox Condie 1993 Early Proterozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 65.86           wt%ox Condie 1993 Earth 14 Si 14.3           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Ganapathy & Anders 1974 East China Craton 14 Si 61.52           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 East China Craton 14 Si 61.57           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 East Sunda Trench 14 Si 53.7           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 EET 84302 Acapulcoite 14 Si 180             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 Enstatite Chondrites   Mg/Si 0.7   0.07         McDonough & Sun 1995 Estherville Mesosiderite 14 Si 240.8             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Simpson & Ahrens 1977 Eucrites 14 Si 16.4           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Felsic Archean Granulites 14 Si 70.5 70.7       379 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Felsic Granulites 14 Si 65.06         137 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Felsic Post-Archean Granulites 14 Si 70.2 70.2       246 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 73           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 73.3           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 73           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 72.2           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 69.5         972 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 73.6           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 73.2           wt%ox Condie 1993 Felsic Volcanics 14 Si 73.6           wt%ox Condie 1993 Ferruginous Clay 14 Si 46.57         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Frankfort Howardites 14 Si 237.9             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972 Palme et al. 1978 Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 14 Si 50.7             Edmond et al. 1979 Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 14 Si 50.51         203 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 14 Si 45.4           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Fresh MORB in Indian Ocean 14 Si 50.85           wt% Klein 2004 Klein et al. 1991 Gabbros 14 Si 50.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976 Gabbros 14 Si 50.14         1317 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Galapagos Hydrothermal Vents 14 Si       0.165 0.775     Edmond et al. 1979 Ganges River Particulates 14 Si 285000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Garnet Peridotites 14 Si 45.55           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Jordan 1979 Garnet Peridotites 14 Si   45.5         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Jordan 1979 Boyd 1989 McDonough 1990 Garnet Peridotites 14 Si 44.99           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Garonne River Particulates 14 Si 270000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Gibson Lodranite 14 Si 221             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 Granites 14 Si 73.4           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Whalen et al. 1987 Granites 14 Si 73.8           wt%ox Condie 1993 Granites 14 Si 73.3           wt%ox Condie 1993 Granites 14 Si 72.4           wt%ox Condie 1993 Granites 14 Si 71.79         1226 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Granites 14 Si 71.98         402 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Granites 14 Si 74.59         8 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Kemp 2001 Granites 14 Si 70           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995 Granites 14 Si 71.3         2236 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Granodiorites 14 Si 66.09         723 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Granodiorites 14 Si 66.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976 Granulites 14 Si 61.2           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1982 Granulites 14 Si 62.87 63.81       622 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990 Granulites 14 Si 63.3 66.48       662 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990 Granulitic Xenolites 14 Si 50.5 49.36       352 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990 Graywackes 14 Si 66.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 14 Si 66.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 14 Si 65.4           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 14 Si 65           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 14 Si 66.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Graywackes 14 Si 66.3           wt%ox Condie 1993 Greater Antilles Basalt 14 Si 50.23         21 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Green Clay 14 Si 49.39         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Greywackes 14 Si 69.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Group 1 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 14 Si 40.28         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Group 1 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 14 Si 40.48         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Group 2 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 14 Si 40.47         8 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Group 2 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 14 Si 40.19         8 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 H Ordinary Chondrites 14 Si 17.1           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Mason 1965 Harzburgites 14 Si 39.93         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Havero Urelite 14 Si 188             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972 Hawaiites 14 Si 47.48         58 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Honshu Basalt 14 Si 51.13         137 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Hydrothermal Sediment 14 Si 37.88         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Ibitira Eucrite 14 Si 228             Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990 Barrat et al. 2000 Igneous Rocks 14 Si 57.03         22775 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Inner Blake Plateau Phosphorites 14 Si 0.2           wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980 Interior North China Craton 14 Si 65.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 14 Si 59.28           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 14 Si 61.89           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 14 Si 58.24           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interior North China Craton 14 Si 57.57           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Interlayerd Clay & Chert 14 Si 72.64         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Interlayered Chert & Limestone 14 Si 56.53         5 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Interlayered Clay & Chert 14 Si 65.51         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Intermediate Granulites 14 Si 58.39         136 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Intermediate Mafic Archean Granulites 14 Si 58.3 58.4       106 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Intermediate Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 14 Si 54.1 53.2       48 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Intermediate Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 14 Si 58.3 58.3       138 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Intermediate Precambrian Granulites 14 Si 58.61         26 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Intra Stellar Medium 14 Si 6.24   0.312         Palme & Jones 2004 Savage & Sembach 1996 Island Arc Andesite 14 Si 57.72         32 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Island Arc Andesite 14 Si 50.46         503 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Island Arcs 14 Si 27.1           wt% Taylor & McLennan 1995 Island Arcs 14 Si 64.63         323 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Silver & Chappell 1998 Izu-Bonin Trench 14 Si 78.89           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Japan Trench 14 Si 69.17           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Java Trench 14 Si 60.43           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Johnstown Diogenite 14 Si 245.4             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977 Juvinas Eucrite 14 Si 23           wt% Morgan et al. 1978 Wanke et al. 1972 Kamchatka Basalt 14 Si 52.22         78 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Kamchatka Trench 14 Si 77.71           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Kapoeta Howardites 14 Si 235             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972 Kerm Trench 14 Si 58.35           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Kermadec Basalts 14 Si 51.12         36 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Kimberlite 14 Si 32.5         22 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994 Kimberlite 14 Si 32.6         35 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994 Kimberlite 14 Si 37         32 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994 Komatiites 14 Si 47.8           wt%ox Condie 1993 Kuriles Trench 14 Si 69.17           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Late Archean Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.23             Condie 1993 Late Archean Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Late Archean Upper Crust 14 Si 66.62           wt%ox Condie 1993 Late Archean Upper Crust 14 Si 65.84           wt%ox Condie 1993 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.23             Condie 1993 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 66.05           wt%ox Condie 1993 Late Proterozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 67.01           wt%ox Condie 1993 Latites 14 Si 61.25         146 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Least-Altered Basalt at ODP/DSDP Site 504 14 Si 50.06   0.45     58 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986 Lesser Antilles Basalt 14 Si 48.25         84 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Leucitic Basalt 14 Si 46.18           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Volkov et al. 1986 Lherzolites 14 Si 42.52         177 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Low Si-Mg Mantle   MgO/SiO2 0.82             Walter 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986 Low Si-Mg Mantle 14 Si 45.96           wt% Walter 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 54           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 58.7           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 61.5           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 25.4           wt% Taylor & McLennan 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 271330           ppm Wedepohl 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 52.3           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 53.4           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 59           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 54.3           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Taylor & McLennan 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 59.8           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 52           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Presper 1990 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 53.4           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 53.4           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 52.6           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie & Selverstone 1999 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 62.7           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Villaseca et al. 1999 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 59.6           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Liu et al. 2001 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 62.9           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 58.3           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994 Lower Continental Crust 14 Si 49.6           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Taylor 1987 Lujavrites 14 Si 53.41         76 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Lunar Anothosites 14 Si 44.9           wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Wood et al. 1970 Lunar Breccias 14 Si 41.84         2 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Lunar Breccias 14 Si 41.69         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 14 Si 40.38           wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Lunar Soil 14 Si 42.03         1 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970 Luzon Basalt 14 Si 50.85         24 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 MAC 88177 Lodranite 14 Si 222             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 Macibini Eucrites 14 Si 230.6             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1973 Buchanan et al. 2000b MacKenzie River Particulates 14 Si 295000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Mafic Archean Granulites 14 Si 49.7 49.8       101 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mafic Granulites 14 Si 49.17         128 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 14 Si 49.1 49.5       270 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mafic Intrusions 14 Si 49.85         308 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 14 Si 49.2 49.3       96 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Makran Trench 14 Si 53.26           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Malvern Howardites 14 Si 230             Mittlefehldt 2004 Palme et al. 1978 Manganese Nodules 14 Si 77000           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988 Mantle   MgO/SiO2 0.86             Walter 2004 Mantle 14 Si 44.9           wt% Walter 2004 Mantle 14 Si 44.9     44.74 45.19   wt% Walter 2004 Mantle 14 Si 51.2           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Mantle 14 Si 21           wt% McDonough 2004 Mantle Xenoliths   Al/Si 0.06             Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough 1990 Mantle Xenoliths   Mg/Si 1.21             Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough 1990 Mantle Xenoliths 14 Si 44           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough 1990 Marianas Basalt 14 Si 51.04         168 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Marianas Trench 14 Si 67.65           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Marine Organisms 14 Si 1500           ppm Li 1991 Bowen 1979 Marine Pelagic Clay 14 Si 250000           ppm Li 1982 Marine Pelagic Clay 14 Si 250000           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961 Marine Shales 14 Si 280000           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961 Mars Atmosphere 14 Si 19   1.14       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Trombka et al. 1992 Mars Atmosphere 14 Si 20   1.4       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Trombka et al. 1992 Mars Mantle 14 Si 45.4           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1997 Mars Mantle 14 Si 47.5           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Sanloup 1999 Mars Mantle 14 Si 44.4           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke & Dreibus 1988 Mars Rocks 14 Si 57   5.7       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 14 Si 48.6   4.86       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 14 Si 49.7   4.97       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 14 Si 51.8   5.18       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 14 Si 55.2   5.52       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Rocks 14 Si 53.8   5.38       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 14 Si 46.6   6       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Clark et al. 1982 Mars Soil 14 Si 41.8   4.18       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 14 Si 41.6   4.16       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 14 Si 47.1   6       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Clark et al. 1982 Mars Soil 14 Si 44.1   6       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Clark et al. 1982 Mars Soil 14 Si 42.5   4.25       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 14 Si 44   4.4       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001 Mars Soil 14 Si 46   6       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Clark et al. 1982 Mavic Volcanics 14 Si 51.2         632 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Mead Peak Phosphatic Shale Member 14 Si 12.26         41 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966 Mekong River Particulates 14 Si 275000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Melitite-rich Chondrules 14 Si 30     24.9 35.1 10 wt%ox Martin & Mason 1974 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 32.6           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Goettel 1988 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 37.6           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Goettel 1988 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Taylor & McLennan 1985 McDonough & Sun 1995 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 19.9           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Fegley & Cameron 1987 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 50.8           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Krot et al. 2001 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 49           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Morgan & Anders 1980 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 44.6           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Krot et al. 2001 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 52.7           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si 47.1           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Morgan & Anders 1980 Mercury Crustal Silicates 14 Si       38 48   wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Goettel 1988 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 14 Si 64.8           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 14 Si 58           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 14 Si 58           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 14 Si 62.5           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.23             Condie 1993 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 65.72           wt%ox Condie 1993 Mesozoic & Cenozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 66.85           wt%ox Condie 1993 Metafelsic Volcanics 14 Si 62.5         41 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Metalliferous Clay 14 Si 48.46         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Metamorphic Rocks 14 Si 63.7           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Poldervaart 1955 Metapelitic Granulitic Xenolites 14 Si 60.5 60.3       78 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Mexico Trench 14 Si 54.24           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Middle Continental Crust 14 Si 60.6           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Middle Continental Crust 14 Si 68.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984 Middle Continental Crust 14 Si 63.5   2       wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Middle Continental Crust 14 Si 64.6           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998 Middle Continental Crust 14 Si 63.5           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Middle Continental Crust 14 Si 69.4           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994 Middle Continental Crust 14 Si 62.4           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.23             Condie 1993 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 66.85           wt%ox Condie 1993 Middle Proterozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 65.84           wt%ox Condie 1993 Mincy Mesosiderite 14 Si 249             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Simpson & Ahrens 1977 Monzonites 14 Si 62.6         252 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Moon 14 Si 18.6           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Ganapathy & Anders 1974 Moore County Eucrite 14 Si 225.9             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 MORB Basaltic Glass 14 Si 50.93           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 14 Si 50.46           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 14 Si 50.65           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 14 Si 49.8           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 MORB Basaltic Glass 14 Si 50.43           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 Mugearites 14 Si 50.52         55 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 N-MORB 14 Si 50.01           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 N-MORB 14 Si 50.98           wt% Klein 2004 Thompson et al. 1980 N-MORB 14 Si 49.51           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Presnall & Hoover 1987 N-MORB 14 Si 50.55           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 N-MORB 14 Si 50.45   0.9081     26 wt%ox Hofmann 1988 Jochum et al. 1988 N-MORB 14 Si 50.16           wt% Klein 2004 Niu et al. 1999 N-MORB 14 Si 50.45           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Hofmann 1988 Ito et al. 1987 Smith et al. 1995 Hauri & Hart 1997 Nakhla Meteorite 14 Si 22.7   0.8         McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Nankai Trench 14 Si 59.72           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Nano Ooze 14 Si 44.76         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Nepheline Leucite Basalts 14 Si 40.73         70 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Nepheline Syenites 14 Si 54.99         108 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Nephelinites 14 Si 40.6         159 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 New Hebrides Islands 14 Si 50.26         65 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Niger River Particulates 14 Si 230000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Nile River Particulates 14 Si 244000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Norites 14 Si 50.44         188 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 North American Shale Composite (NASC) 14 Si 64.8           wt%ox Condie 1993 North American Shale Composite (NASC) 14 Si 22.9           wt% Morgan et al. 1978 Wanke & Palme 1974 North Antilles Trench 14 Si 52.19           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 62.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 59.08           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 63.48           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 57.51           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 North Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 63.51           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 14 Si 3.7         8 wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980 Nuevo Laredo Eucrite 14 Si 231             Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Jerde 1987 Ocean Arc Xenoliths   Al/Si 0.02 0.02 0.01     21   Pearson et al. 2004 Ocean Arc Xenoliths   Mg/Si 1.3 1.29 0.09     21   Pearson et al. 2004 Ocean Arc Xenoliths 14 Si 44.49 44.74 1.77     21   Pearson et al. 2004 Ocean Island Peridotite 14 Si 51.8           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988 Ocean Island Peridotite 14 Si 55.5           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988 Ocean Island Peridotite 14 Si 55.27           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988 Ocean Island Peridotite 14 Si 50.19           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988 Ocean Island Peridotite 14 Si 0.08           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988 Oceanic Crust 14 Si 230000           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1981 Oceanic Island Xenoliths   Al/Si 0.03 0.03 0.02     16   Pearson et al. 2004 Oceanic Island Xenoliths   Mg/Si 1.31 1.3 0.11     16   Pearson et al. 2004 Oceanic Island Xenoliths 14 Si 43.72 44.61 2.01     16   Pearson et al. 2004 Oceans Deep water 14 Si 100.8             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979 Oceans Surface water 14 Si 2             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979 ODP Site 735 14 Si 50.736 50.94       22 wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 ODP/DSDP Site 417/418 14 Si 45.8           wt%ox Staudigel et al. 1996 Olivine Chondrules 14 Si 42     38.8 45.2 3 wt%ox Martin & Mason 1974 Orangeite 14 Si 32.5         114 wt% Farmer 2004 Mitchell 1995 Ordinary Chondrites   Mg/Si 0.81   0.03         McDonough & Sun 1995 Orgueil Chondrite 14 Si 10.67         5   Anders & Ebihara 1982 Orgueil Chondrite 14 Si 10.67         4 wt% Anders & Grevesse 1989 Orinoco River Particulates 14 Si 292000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Paleozoic Orogens 14 Si 55           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Paleozoic Orogens 14 Si 61           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Paleozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.23             Condie 1993 Paleozoic Upper Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Paleozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 65.65           wt%ox Condie 1993 Paleozoic Upper Crust 14 Si 66.79           wt%ox Condie 1993 Pallasite Olivine   Si/Al 0.48             Grossman & Wasson 1985 Scott 1977 Pallasite Olivine   Si/Mg 0.06             Grossman & Wasson 1985 Scott 1977 Parana River Particulates 14 Si 289000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 51.4           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 59.97         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 58.75         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 49.78         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 58.75         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 51.4         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 59.72         55 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelagic Clay 14 Si 49.42         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Pelites 14 Si 62.57         69 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Pelites 14 Si 61.89         1341 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Pena Blanca Spring Aubrite 14 Si 267.5             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wolf et al. 1983 Lodders et al. 1993 Peninsular Range Batholith 14 Si 71.88           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995 Peridotites 14 Si 42.26         103 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Periodotite Massifs   MgO/SiO2 0.85             Walter 2004 Bonatti et al. 1986 Periodotite Massifs 14 Si 44.7           wt% Walter 2004 Bonatti et al. 1986 Periodotite Section in Ophiolites 14 Si   45.1         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Peru Trench 14 Si 33.61           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Petersburg Eucrites 14 Si 229.9             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason et al. 1979 Buchanan & Reid 1996 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 53         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 51.8         9 wt% Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 54.7         36 wt% Farmer 2004 Hooper & Hawkesworth 1993 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 49.5         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Lightfoot et al. 1990 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 48.7         18 wt% Farmer 2004 Lightfoot et al. 1990 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 48.5         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 51.1         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 14 Si 50.9         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997 Philip Trench 14 Si 44.53           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Phonolites 14 Si 56.19         320 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Phosphoria Formation 14 Si 11.9         61 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966 Post-Archean Terrrains 14 Si 65           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971 Precambrian Canadian Shield 14 Si 64.93           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Precambrian Granulites 14 Si 61.54         88 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Primitive Mantle   Al/Si 0.1             Pearson et al. 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Primitive Mantle   Al/Si 0.11             Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle   Al/Si 0.1             Pearson et al. 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle   Al/Si 0.12             Pearson et al. 2004 Palme & Nickel 1985 Primitive Mantle   Mg/Si 1.06             Pearson et al. 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle   Mg/Si 1.09             Pearson et al. 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Primitive Mantle   Mg/Si 0.99             Pearson et al. 2004 Palme & Nickel 1985 Primitive Mantle   Mg/Si 1.09             Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle   MgO/SiO2 0.82             Walter 2004 Allegre et al. 1995 Primitive Mantle   MgO/SiO2 0.81             Walter 2004 Palme & O'Neill 2004 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 46.12           wt% Walter 2004 Allegre et al. 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.4           wt% Walter 2004 Palme & O'Neill 2004 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 21.22   0.2122       wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 O'Neill & Palme 1998 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.14           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 46.2           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Palme & Nickel 1985 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.4   0.3       wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.96           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 44.92           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 21.22           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 O'Neill & Palme 1998 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 21   2.1       wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 210000           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 44.52           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.1           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Ringwood 1979 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.98           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Wanke et al. 1984 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.96           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 49.9           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 46.2           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Palme & Nickel 1985 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 44.8           wt%ox McDonough 1990 McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 20.9           wt% McDonough 1990 McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 44.8           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 McDonough & Sun 1989 Primitive Mantle 14 Si   44.8         wt%ox McDonough 1991 McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Green et al. 1979 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 49.9           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 47.95           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Anderson 1983 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.16           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 46.117           wt%ox Allegre et al. 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.69           wt%ox Hofmann 1988 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 44.9           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 McDonough & Sun 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.1           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Ringwood 1979 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.1           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 45.6           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Wanke et al. 1984 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 46.12           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Allegre et al. 1995 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 46.2           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Nickel 1985 Primitive Mantle 14 Si 46           wt% Palme & O'Neill 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986 Primitive Mantle   Si/Al 9.947   0.05         Allegre et al. 1995 Primitive Mantle   Si/Mg 0.945   0.002         Allegre et al. 1995 Protolith Gabbros at ODP Site 735 14 Si 48.69         8 wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Pyrolites   MgO/SiO2 0.85             Walter 2004 Ringwood 1979 Pyrolites   MgO/SiO2 0.84             Walter 2004 McDougall & Sun 1995 Pyrolites 14 Si 45           wt% Walter 2004 McDougall & Sun 1995 Pyrolites 14 Si 45.1           wt%ox Allegre et al. 1995 Ringwood 1979 Pyrolites 14 Si 45.1           wt% Walter 2004 Ringwood 1979 Pyroxenites 14 Si 46.27         106 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 QUE 94201 Meteorite 14 Si 22.4             McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Radiolarian Clay 14 Si 56.3         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Radiolarian Clay 14 Si 56.3         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Radiolarian Clay 14 Si 54.63         11 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Radiolarian Clay 14 Si 62.59         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Radiolarites 14 Si 89.44           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 Radiolarites 14 Si 84.21         17 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Radiolarites 14 Si 83.3         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 REE Fractionated CAI Inclusions 14 Si 28.9     17.7 34.5 5 wt%ox Martin & Mason 1974 REE Unfractionated CAI Inclusions 14 Si 22.5     20.5 24.5 2 wt%ox Martin & Mason 1974 Retort Phosphatic Shale Member 14 Si 11.29         20 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966 Rhyodacites 14 Si 65.55         63 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Rhyolites 14 Si 72.82         554 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Rifted Continental Margins 14 Si 50.6           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Rifted Continental Margins 14 Si 60.2           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 River Particulates 14 Si 285000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Rivers   Ge/Si 7e-07         122   Froehlich et al. 1985 Rivers 14 Si 205             Edmond et al. 1979 Rivers 14 Si 6500           ppb Li 1982 Ryuku Trench 14 Si 50.3           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Sandstones 14 Si 91.53           wt%ox Condie 1993 Sandstones 14 Si 92.15           wt%ox Condie 1993 Sandstones 14 Si 91.5           wt%ox Condie 1993 Scotia Island Basalt 14 Si 51.5         41 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Seawater 14 Si 2500000             Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987 Seawater 14 Si 2000           ppb Li 1982 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961 Brewer 1975 Seawater 14 Si 0.18             Bowers & Taylor 1985 Seawater 14 Si 100     1 180     Bruland 1983 Seawater 14 Si 100             Broeker & Peng 1982 Seawater 14 Si 110             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Bainbridge 1979 Sediments 14 Si 52.4           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1969 Sera de Mage Eucrite 14 Si 21.5           wt% Morgan et al. 1978 Serra De Mage Eucrite 14 Si 226.4             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Shales 14 Si 63.6           wt%ox Condie 1993 Shales 14 Si 60.95           wt%ox Condie 1993 Shales 14 Si 63.1           wt%ox Condie 1993 Shalka Diogenite 14 Si 241.1             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972 Mittlefehldt 1994 Shallowater Aubrite 14 Si 232.4             Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985 Keil et al. 1989 Shergotty Meteorite 14 Si 24             McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998 Silicate Earth 14 Si 45           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Green et al. 1979 Silicate Earth 14 Si 49.9           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Silicate Earth 14 Si 21   2.1       wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Silicate Earth 14 Si 21           wt% McDonough 1998 Silicate Earth 14 Si 45.16           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Silicate Earth 14 Si 21           wt% McDonough 2004 Silicate Earth 14 Si 45           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Silicic Precambrian Granulites 14 Si 70.13         23 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Silicified Limestone 14 Si 42           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Silty Mud 14 Si 57.07         16 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Sioux County Eucrite 14 Si 229.2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Solar Corona 14 Si -7.55   0.11         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Meyer 1985 Solar Corona 14 Si -7.55   0.03         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Breneman & Stone 1985 Solar Corona 14 Si -7.55   0.05         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Solar Photosphere 14 Si 7.55   0.05         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Solar Photosphere 14 Si 7.54   0.05         Palme & Jones 2004 Grevesse & Sauval 1998 Solar System 14 Si 1000000   42000     9   Anders & Ebihara 1982 Solar System 14 Si 57.5           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976 Solar System 14 Si 7.55   1.1325         Palme & Jones 2004 Solar System 14 Si 1000000             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982 Solar System 14 Si 1000000   44000     9   Anders & Grevesse 1989 Solar System 14 Si 1             Clayton 2004 Palme & Jones 2004 Solar Wind 14 Si -7.55   0.13         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Bochsler 1987 Solid Earth   Mg/Si 0.97             McDonough & Sun 1995 Solid Earth 14 Si 16.1           wt% McDonough 2004 Solid Earth 14 Si 15.8           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Solid Earth 14 Si 17.221           wt% Allegre et al. 1995 Solid Earth 14 Si 16.1           wt% McDonough 2004 Solid Earth 14 Si 16.1           wt% McDonough 2004 Solid Earth 14 Si 16.3           wt% McDonough 1998 Solid Earth 14 Si 14.2           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Solid Earth 14 Si 14.2           wt% McDonough 2004 Solid Mars 14 Si 58.4   1.4       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Hamilton et al. 2001 Wyatt et al. 2001 Solid Mars 14 Si 53.6   1.4       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Hamilton et al. 2001 Wyatt et al. 2001 South African Garnet Peridotites 14 Si 45           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Boyd & Mertzman 1987 South Antilles Trench 14 Si 54.74           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 14 Si 58.45           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 14 Si 63.95           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 14 Si 60.79           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 14 Si 60.25           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Margin of North China Craton 14 Si 61.57           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 63.51           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 65.02           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 65.54           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Qinling Belt in China 14 Si 59.52           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 South Sandwich Trench 14 Si 71.3           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Spinel Peridotites 14 Si 44.15           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Spinel Peridotites 14 Si   44.1         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975 Jordan 1979 Boyd 1989 McDonough 1990 Spinel Peridotites 14 Si 44 44.1 1.26     375 wt%ox McDonough 1990 St. Lawrence River Particulates 14 Si 253000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979 Stannern Eucrite 14 Si 232.3             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000 McCarthy et al. 1973 Subducted Sediment 14 Si 58.57   2.49       wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Sumatra Trench 14 Si 62.94           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Syenites 14 Si 58.58         436 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 14 Si 49.95   0.296     17 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 14 Si 51.6   0.88     7 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 14 Si 46.55   1.234     6 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 14 Si 59.64   0.0069     114 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 14 Si 68.54   0.21     28 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 14 Si 47.86   0.047     95 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Tephrites 14 Si 47.8         84 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Tholeiites 14 Si 49.58         190 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Tinguaites 14 Si 54.08         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Tonalites 14 Si 61.9           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Tonalites 14 Si 61.9           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Wedepohl 1991 Arth et al. 1978 Ermanovics et al. 1979 Tarney et al. 1979 Schermerhorn 1987 Paradis et al. 1988 Pohl & Emmermann 1991 Tepper et al. 1993 Tonalites 14 Si 61.52         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 14 Si 66.8           wt%ox Condie 1993 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 14 Si 69.5           wt%ox Condie 1993 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 14 Si 67.2           wt%ox Condie 1993 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 14 Si 66.28         553 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 14 Si 66.04         641 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 14 Si 69.79         355 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Martin 1995 Tonga Trench 14 Si 59.25           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Tongan Basalts 14 Si 50.57         70 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004 Trachyandesites 14 Si 58.15         223 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Trachybasalts 14 Si 49.21         155 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Trachytes 14 Si 61.21         483 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Transitional Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 14 Si 50.88           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000 Turbidites 14 Si 63.33         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Turbidites 14 Si 61.3         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Type F Aggregates 14 Si 32.3           wt%ox Bischoff & Keil 1983 Wark 1979 Ultrabasic Precambrian Granulites 14 Si 40.14         14 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Upper Continental Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.23             Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust   Al2O3/SiO2 0.22             Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.33           wt%ox Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.21           wt%ox Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor & McLennan 1981 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 45.8           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Staudigel et al. 1995 Smith et al. 1995 Hart & Staudigel 1989 Staudigel et al. 1989 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 64           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Fahrig & Eade 1968 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 30.8           wt% Taylor & McLennan 1995 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 303480           ppm Wedepohl 1995 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.6   1.18       wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.8           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1967 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 65.89           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.6           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 67           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie 1993 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.8           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 60.3           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Clarke & Washington 1924 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 60.2           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Clarke 1889 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 64.8           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1976 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 67.97           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 66.62           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 62.22           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Goldschmidt 1933 Upper Continental Crust 14 Si 67.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Borodin 1998 Ureilite Rock Metal 14 Si 0.16         5 wt% Janssens et al. 1987 Berkley & Jones 1982 Ureilite Rock Metal   Si/Mg 0.9         5   Janssens et al. 1987 Ureilite Vein Metal 14 Si 2.75         5 wt% Janssens et al. 1987 Berkley & Jones 1982 Ureilite Vein Metal   Si/Mg 2.3         5   Janssens et al. 1987 Vanuatu Trench 14 Si 56.22           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Vega 2 14 Si 45.6   3.2       wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Surkov et al. 1986 Venera 13 Rocks 14 Si 45.1   3       wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Surkov et al. 1984 Venera 14 Rocks 14 Si 48.7   3.6       wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Surkov et al. 1984 Venus Mantle 14 Si 40.4           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998 Venus Mantle 14 Si 52.9           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998 Venus Mantle 14 Si 49.8           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Morgan & Anders 1980 Lodders & Fegley 1998 Venus N-MORB 14 Si 48.77           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Wilson 1989 Veramin Mesosiderite 14 Si 251.5             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press Powell 1971 Volcanoclastic Sediment 14 Si 59.33         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Volcanoclastic Turbidites 14 Si 63.7         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Volcanoclastic Turbidites 14 Si 54.15         43 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Volcanoclastic Turbidites 14 Si 69.2           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997 Watson IIE Iron 14 Si 212.7             Mittlefehldt 2004 Olsen et al. 1994 Websterites 14 Si 47.7         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976 Winonaite Pontlyfni 14 Si 144.8             Mittlefehldt 2004 Graham et al. 1977 Davis et al. 1977 Winonaite Tierra Blanca 14 Si 177             Mittlefehldt 2004 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985 Jarosweich 1990 Xenolites   MgO/SiO2 0.85             Walter 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Xenolites 14 Si 45.2           wt% Walter 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979 Y-74450 Eucrites 14 Si 225.7             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977 Y-791491 Lodranite 14 Si 179             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999 Yangtze Craton 14 Si 64.89           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 14 Si 65.69           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 14 Si 66.06           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 14 Si 58.16           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Yangtze Craton 14 Si 62.72           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998 Zeolite Clay 14 Si 50.6         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998