GERM Reservoir Database
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

GERM Database Search Results        
Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s)
Acapulcoite Primitive Achondrites 25 Mn 3.26             Mittlefehldt 2004 Yanai & Kojima 1991
Zipfel et al. 1995
Active Continental Rifts 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Active Continental Rifts 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Ademellites 25 Mn 0.08         113 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
AII Fracture Zone Basalts 25 Mn 0.18           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Johnson & Dick 1992
Alaska Trench 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Alborz Mountains 25 Mn 3350         3 ppm Altschuller 1980 Aval et al. 1968
Aleutian Basalts 25 Mn 0.16         66 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Aleutian Trench 25 Mn 0.15           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
ALH 77005 Meteorite 25 Mn 3470   80       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
ALH 84001 Meteorite 25 Mn 3560   100       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
ALH 84025 Brachinite 25 Mn 2.53             Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1989a
ALHA 77257 Urelite 25 Mn 3.1             Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990
Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Spitz & Boynton 1991
ALHA 81101 Urelite 25 Mn 2.89             Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Spitz & Boynton 1991
ALHA77081 Acapulcoite 25 Mn 3.03             Mittlefehldt 2004 Schultz et al. 1982
Allende Meteorite 25 Mn 1.42             Grossman & Wasson 1985
Amazon River Particulates 25 Mn 1030           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Amphibolites 25 Mn 0.37         189 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Andaman Trench 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Andean Andesites 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Bailey 1981
Andes Basalt 25 Mn 0.15         56 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Andesites 25 Mn 0.1         47 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Andesites 25 Mn 0.16         50 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998 Plank & Langmuir 1988
Andesites 25 Mn 0.14         2203 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Angrite Angra Dos Reis 25 Mn 0.77             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990
Angrite LEW 87051 25 Mn 1.9             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt & Lindstrom 1990
Anorthosites 25 Mn 0.05         97 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Archean Amphibolites 25 Mn 0.04           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1981
Archean Canadian Shield 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Goodwin 1978
Archean Canadian Shield 25 Mn 0.06           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Cameron et al. 1979
Archean Canadian Shield 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971
Archean Lower Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Weaver & Tarney 1984
Archean Terrains 25 Mn 0.075           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Shaw et al. 1967
Archean Terrains 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Archean Terrains 25 Mn 1400           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Archean Terrains 25 Mn 1500           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Arenaceous Rocks 25 Mn 0.07         2754 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Arenaceous Rocks 25 Mn 0.09         121 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Ashy Clay 25 Mn 0.65         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Aubres Aubrite 25 Mn 1.486             Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985
Wolf et al. 1983
Australian Granite 25 Mn 0.02         13 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Inger & Harris 1993
Australian Granite 25 Mn 0.07         1074 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Wormald & Price 1988
Australian Granite 25 Mn 0.07         6 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Turner et al. 1992
Australian Granite 25 Mn 0.1         8 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Whalen 1985
Australian Granite 25 Mn 0.06         704 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Chappell & White 1992
Australian Granite 25 Mn 0.08           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Collins et al. 1982
Baldissero Spinel Lherzolites 25 Mn 1046   40     14 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Balmuccia Spinel Lherzolites 25 Mn 1053   39     18 ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994
Bambui Group 25 Mn 4200         14 ppm Altschuller 1980 Cathcart 1974
Barea Mesosiderite 25 Mn 4.36             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason & Jarosewich 1973
Mittlefehldt in press
Basaltic Glass at ODP/DSDP Site 504 25 Mn 0.17   0.02     51 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986
Basalts 25 Mn 0.13         10 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 2001
Basalts 25 Mn 0.16         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Price et al. 1997
Basalts 25 Mn 0.19         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Marzoli et al. 2000
Basalts 25 Mn 0.17         8 wt% Farmer 2004 Marzoli et al. 2000
Basalts 25 Mn 0.15         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Turner et al. 1996a
Basalts 25 Mn 0.18         16 wt% Farmer 2004 Rogers et al. 1998
Basalts 25 Mn 0.18         12 wt% Farmer 2004 Dungan et al. 1986
Basalts 25 Mn 0.96         4 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung 1999
Basalts 25 Mn 0.16         9 wt% Farmer 2004 Hoang & Flower 1998
Basalts 25 Mn 0.19         8 wt% Farmer 2004 Zhang & O'Reilly 1997
Basalts 25 Mn 0.2         23 wt% Farmer 2004 Paslick et al. 1995
Basalts 25 Mn 0.19         44 wt% Farmer 2004 Baker et al. 1997
Basalts 25 Mn 0.2         3156 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Basalts 25 Mn 0.15         3 wt% Farmer 2004 Wilson et al. 1997
Basalts 25 Mn 0.16         5 wt% Farmer 2004 Wilson et al. 1997
Basalts 25 Mn 0.14         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Conticelli et al. 1997
Basalts 25 Mn 0.19         16 wt% Farmer 2004 Jung & Hoernes 2000
Basalts 25 Mn 0.18         3 wt% Farmer 2004 Chung et al. 1995
Basalts 25 Mn 0.15         27 wt% Farmer 2004 Farmer et al. 2002
Basalts 25 Mn 0.14         13 wt% Farmer 2004 Robert et al. 1992
Basanites 25 Mn 0.16         138 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Basic Precambrian Granulites 25 Mn 0.21         25 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Battle Creek Formation 25 Mn 7540         7 ppm Altschuller 1980 De Keyser & Cook 1972
Battle Creek Formation 25 Mn 480         17 ppm Altschuller 1980 De Keyser & Cook 1972
Belkinsk Akai Sayan 25 Mn 200         33 ppm Altschuller 1980 Chaikina & Nikolskaya 1970
Binda Eucrite 25 Mn 3.72             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Bone Valley Formation 25 Mn 230         8 ppm Altschuller 1980
Boninites 25 Mn 0.15         348 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Brachina Brachinite 25 Mn 2.65             Mittlefehldt 2004 Nehru et al. 1983
Brown Clay 25 Mn 1.06         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Brown Clay 25 Mn 5.27         29 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Brown Rock 25 Mn 1700         3 ppm Altschuller 1980
Ca-Al-rich Inclusions 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Bischoff & Keil 1983 McSween 1977
Carbonaceous Chondrites   Cr/Mn 2.2   0.5         McDonough & Sun 1995
Carbonate 25 Mn 0.53         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Carbonate Turbidites 25 Mn 0.11         87 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Carbonates 25 Mn 0.05         50 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Carbonates 25 Mn 0.06         2038 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Carbonates 25 Mn 0.06   0.36     162 wt%ox Mirota & Veizer 1994
Cascade Basalt 25 Mn 0.15         60 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Cascadia Trench 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central America Trench 25 Mn 0.43           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central American Basalts 25 Mn 0.17         78 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.15           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Chassigny Achondrite 25 Mn 0.51   0.005       wt%ox Boynton et al. 1976
Chassigny Meteorite 25 Mn 4120   840       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Chaunskij Mesosiderite 25 Mn 2.31             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press
Petaev et al. 2000
Chert 25 Mn 0.23         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Chert 25 Mn 0.31         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Chert 25 Mn 0.22           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997
CI Chondrites   Cr/Mn 1.4             McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 1920           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 1990   191     20 ppm Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 5.51   0.01         Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 1933   57.99       ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 1990           ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 1933   57.99       ppm Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 1.82           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 1900           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988
CI Chondrites 25 Mn 0.256           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Palme et al. 1981
Anders & Ebihara 1982
Beer et al. 1984
Jochum et al. 1986
Clastic Turbidites 25 Mn 0.12         28 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
CO Chondrites 25 Mn 0.24   0.2     8 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993
Greshake 1997
CO Chondrites 25 Mn 0.16   0.05     106 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993
Greshake 1997
CO Chondrites 25 Mn 0.27   0.04     36 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993
Greshake 1997
CO Chondrites 25 Mn 0.6   0.2     6 wt% Scott & Krot 2004 Brearley 1993
Greshake 1997
Colombia Trench 25 Mn 0.14           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Colorado River Particulates 25 Mn 430           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Comet Halley 25 Mn 5.28   0.15         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Jessberger et al. 1988
Congo River Particulates 25 Mn 1400           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Continental Arc Andesite 25 Mn 0.12         142 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Continental Arc Andesite 25 Mn 0.17         497 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Continental Arc Xenoliths 25 Mn 0.13 0.13 0.03     28   Pearson et al. 2004
Continental Arcs 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Arcs 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust   Hg/Mn 9.2e-06             Salters & Stracke 2004
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 25 Mn 1400           ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.11           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor 1964
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.18           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Ronov & Yaroshevsky 1967
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Holland & Lambert 1972
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Smithson 1978
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.09           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1986
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Christensen & Mooney 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 1400           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 716           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984
Continental Crust 25 Mn 756           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor 1964
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1969
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Holland & Lambert 1972
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.14           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor & McLennan 1981
Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995 Wedepohl 1995
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Zipfel & Worner 1992
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.05           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.19           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.24           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.33           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.15           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Zipfel & Worner 1992
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.24           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Ionov 1996
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.15           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Zipfel & Worner 1992
Continental Intraplate Peridotite 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Canil & O'Neill 1996
Continental Intraplate Xenoliths 25 Mn 0.13 0.13 0.03     273   Pearson et al. 2004
Continental Rift Xenoliths 25 Mn 0.13 0.13 0.01     23   Pearson et al. 2004
Continental Shields & Platforms 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Continental Shields & Platforms 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Core   Cr/Mn       1.8 1.8     McDonough & Sun 1995
Core 25 Mn       0.45 0.5   wt% McDonough & Sun 1995
Core 25 Mn 300           ppm McDonough 2004
Core 25 Mn 0.03           wt% McDonough 2004
Core 25 Mn 50           µg/g McDonough 1998
Core 25 Mn 5820           ppm Allegre et al. 1995
Cratonic Peridotite 25 Mn 0.22           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Smith et al. 1991
Cratonic Xenoliths 25 Mn 0.14 0.13 0.04     232   Pearson et al. 2004
D'Orbigny Angrite 25 Mn 2.2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt et al. 2002
Dacites 25 Mn 0.09         578 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Danube River Particulates 25 Mn 600           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Depleted D-MORB basalts 25 Mn 0.13           wt% Workman & Hart 2005
Depleted Mantle 25 Mn 1045   177.65       ppm Salters & Stracke 2004
Depleted MORB Mantle Clinopyroxene 25 Mn 0.09           wt% Workman & Hart 2005
Depleted MORB Mantle Olivine 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Workman & Hart 2005
Depleted MORB Mantle Orthopyroxene 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Workman & Hart 2005
Depleted MORB Mantle Spinel 25 Mn 0.16           wt% Workman & Hart 2005
Diatom Oozes & Clay 25 Mn 0.06         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Clay 25 Mn 0.31         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Mud 25 Mn 0.14         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Ooze 25 Mn 0.2         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diorite 25 Mn 0.13         260 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Diorites 25 Mn 0.12         755 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Dolerites 25 Mn 0.19         687 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Dover Sandstone 25 Mn 750         4 ppm Altschuller 1980 Cathcart & Schmidt 1974
DSDP/ODP Site 800 25 Mn 0.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
DSDP/ODP Site 801 25 Mn 0.19           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997
DSDP/ODP Site 801 25 Mn 0.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Dunites 25 Mn 0.71         78 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
E-MORB 25 Mn 0.16           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
Earth 25 Mn 0.06           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Ganapathy & Anders 1974
East China Craton 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
East China Craton 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
East Sunda Trench 25 Mn 0.36           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
EET 83309 Urelite 25 Mn 2.88             Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1989b
EET 84302 Acapulcoite 25 Mn 4.1             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Enstatite Chondrites   Cr/Mn 1.54   0.13         McDonough & Sun 1995
Eucrites 25 Mn 0.01           ppm Morgan et al. 1978
Felsic Archean Granulites 25 Mn 0.05 0.04       348 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Felsic Granulites 25 Mn 0.08         137 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Post-Archean Granulites 25 Mn 0.07 0.05       220 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Felsic Volcanics 25 Mn 0.08         972 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Ferruginous Clay 25 Mn 0.17         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Frankfort Howardites 25 Mn 4.34             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972
Palme et al. 1978
Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 25 Mn 0.16         203 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Fresh MORB in Indian Ocean 25 Mn 0.15           wt% Klein 2004 Klein et al. 1991
Gabbros 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976
Gabbros 25 Mn 0.12         1317 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Ganges River Particulates 25 Mn 1000           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Garnet Peridotites   Fe/Mn 63   11         McDonough 1991
Garnet Peridotites 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Jordan 1979
Garnet Peridotites 25 Mn   0.11         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Jordan 1979
Boyd 1989
McDonough 1990
Garnet Peridotites 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Garonne River Particulates 25 Mn 1700           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Gibson Lodranite 25 Mn 4.2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Goalpara Ureilite 25 Mn 0.372   0.006       wt%ox Boynton et al. 1976
Granites 25 Mn 0.04           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Whalen et al. 1987
Granites 25 Mn 0.04         1226 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Granites 25 Mn 0.03         402 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Granites 25 Mn 0.02         8 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Kemp 2001
Granites 25 Mn 0.05           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995
Granites 25 Mn 0.05         2236 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Granodiorites 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976
Granodiorites 25 Mn 0.08         723 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Granulites 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Weaver & Tarney 1982
Granulites 25 Mn 0.09 0.07       614 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990
Granulites 25 Mn 0.11 0.1       592 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990
Granulitic Xenolites 25 Mn 0.15 0.14       334 wt%ox Rudnick & Presper 1990
Greater Antilles Basalt 25 Mn 0.2         21 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Green Clay 25 Mn 0.08         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Greywackes 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995
Group 1 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 25 Mn 0.25         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970
Group 1 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 25 Mn 0.24         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970
Group 2 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 25 Mn 0.29         8 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970
Group 2 Lunar Crystalline Rocks 25 Mn 0.27         8 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970
H Ordinary Chondrites 25 Mn 0.23           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Mason 1965
Harzburgites 25 Mn 0.15         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Havero Urelite 25 Mn 2.66             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972
Hawaiites 25 Mn 0.19         58 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Honshu Basalt 25 Mn 0.16         137 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Hydrothermal Sediment 25 Mn 9.28         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
IAB Campo del Cielo 25 Mn 2.3             Mittlefehldt 2004 Bild 1977
IAB Landes 25 Mn 2.19             Mittlefehldt 2004 Bild 1977
IAB Udei Station 25 Mn 2.37             Mittlefehldt 2004 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985
Ibitira Eucrite 25 Mn 3.72             Mittlefehldt 2004 Jarosewich 1990
Barrat et al. 2000
Igneous Rocks 25 Mn 0.14         22775 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Interior North China Craton 25 Mn 0.14           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interlayerd Clay & Chert 25 Mn 0.07         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Interlayered Chert & Limestone 25 Mn 0.03         5 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Interlayered Clay & Chert 25 Mn 1.95         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Intermediate Granulites 25 Mn 0.12         136 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Intermediate Mafic Archean Granulites 25 Mn 0.11 0.1       102 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Intermediate Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 25 Mn 0.13 0.13       47 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Intermediate Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 25 Mn 0.14 0.13       132 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Intermediate Precambrian Granulites 25 Mn 0.14         26 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Intra Stellar Medium 25 Mn 4.08   0.204         Palme & Jones 2004 Savage & Sembach 1996
Island Arc Andesite 25 Mn 0.14         32 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Island Arc Andesite 25 Mn 0.17         503 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Island Arcs 25 Mn 1100           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Island Arcs 25 Mn 0.08         323 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Silver & Chappell 1998
Izu-Bonin Trench 25 Mn 0.36           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Japan Trench 25 Mn 0.42           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Java Trench 25 Mn 0.42           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Johnstown Diogenite 25 Mn 3.75             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977
Kamchatka Basalt 25 Mn 0.17         78 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Kamchatka Trench 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kapoeta Howardites 25 Mn 3.83             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1972
Kenna Ureilite 25 Mn 0.367   0.006       wt%ox Boynton et al. 1976
Kerm Trench 25 Mn 0.85           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kermadec Basalts 25 Mn 0.16         36 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Kimberlite 25 Mn 0.17         22 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994
Kimberlite 25 Mn 0.2         35 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994
Kimberlite 25 Mn 0.2         32 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994
Komatiites   Fe/Mn 56             McDonough 1991
Kuriles Trench 25 Mn 0.42           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kyzyl Kum 25 Mn 2000         5 ppm Altschuller 1980 Kapustyanski 1964
La Caja Formation 25 Mn 190         8 ppm Altschuller 1980 Rogers et al. 1956
Latites 25 Mn 0.09         146 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Least-Altered Basalt at ODP/DSDP Site 504 25 Mn 0.17   0.02     58 wt%ox Alt et al. 1986
Lesser Antilles Basalt 25 Mn 0.17         84 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Leucitic Basalt 25 Mn 0.19           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Volkov et al. 1986
Lherzolites 25 Mn 0.17         177 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
LL Ordinary Chondrites 25 Mn 2.53             Grossman & Wasson 1985
Low Si-Mg Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt% Walter 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.17           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Taylor & McLennan 1981
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 1700           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 929           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.22           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Taylor & McLennan 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.16           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998a
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.16           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Condie & Selverstone 1999
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Villaseca et al. 1999
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Liu et al. 2001
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.22           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Taylor 1987
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Lower Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.15           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Presper 1990
Lujavrites 25 Mn 0.46         76 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Lunar Breccias 25 Mn 0.22         2 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970
Lunar Breccias 25 Mn 0.23         6 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970
Lunar Soil 25 Mn 0.21         1 wt%ox Compston et al. 1970
Luzon Basalt 25 Mn 0.18         24 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
MAC 88177 Lodranite 25 Mn 4.1             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Macibini Eucrites 25 Mn 4.17             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1973
Buchanan et al. 2000b
MacKenzie River Particulates 25 Mn 600           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Mafic Archean Granulites 25 Mn 0.19 0.2       96 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mafic Granulites 25 Mn 0.22         128 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Mafic Granulitic Xenolites 25 Mn 0.15 0.15       255 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mafic Intrusions 25 Mn 0.15         308 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Mafic Post-Archean Granulites 25 Mn 0.19 0.18       95 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Makran Trench 25 Mn 0.64           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Malvern Howardites 25 Mn 4.06             Mittlefehldt 2004 Palme et al. 1978
Manganese Nodules 25 Mn 186000           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988
Mantle 25 Mn 0.1           wt% McDonough 2004
Mantle Xenoliths 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough 1990
Marianas Basalt 25 Mn 0.15         168 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Marianas Trench 25 Mn 0.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Marine Organisms 25 Mn 20           ppm Li 1991 Bowen 1979
Marine Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 6700           ppm Li 1982
Marine Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 6700           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Marine Phosphorites 25 Mn 1230 200   8 7540 17 ppm Altschuller 1980
Marine Shales 25 Mn 850           ppm Altschuller 1980 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Marine Shales 25 Mn 850           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Mars Mantle 25 Mn 0.4           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Sanloup 1999
Mars Mantle 25 Mn 0.37           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1997
Mars Mantle 25 Mn 0.5           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke & Dreibus 1988
Mars Rocks 25 Mn 0.65   0.1625       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Rocks 25 Mn 0.47   0.1175       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Rocks 25 Mn 0.49   0.1225       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Rocks 25 Mn 0.52   0.13       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Rocks 25 Mn 0.55   0.1375       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Soil 25 Mn 0.51   0.1275       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Soil 25 Mn 0.34   0.085       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Soil 25 Mn 0.76   0.19       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mars Soil 25 Mn 0.46   0.115       wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Wanke et al. 2001
Mavic Volcanics 25 Mn 0.17         632 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Mead Peak Phosphatic Shale Member 25 Mn 0.003         41 ppm Gulbrandsen 1966
Mekong River Particulates 25 Mn 940           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0.06           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Morgan & Anders 1980
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Fegley & Cameron 1987
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0.13           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Krot et al. 2001
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Krot et al. 2001
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0.06           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Morgan & Anders 1980
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0.05           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Goettel 1988
Jagoutz et al. 1979
Taylor & McLennan 1985
McDonough & Sun 1995
Mercury Crustal Silicates 25 Mn 0           wt% Taylor & Scott 2004 Goettel 1988
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Extensions 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mesozoic & Cenozoic Orogens 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
META 78008 Urelite 25 Mn 2.94             Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Kallemeyn 1992
Metafelsic Volcanics 25 Mn 0.08         41 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Metalliferous Clay 25 Mn 2.67         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Metamorphic Rocks 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Poldervaart 1955
Metapelitic Granulitic Xenolites 25 Mn 0.13 0.11       77 wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Mexico Trench 25 Mn 2.33           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Middle Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1   0       wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004
Middle Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.04           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Weaver & Tarney 1984
Middle Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Middle Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.03           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1994
Middle Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Middle Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Middle Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.11           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998
Miles IIE Iron 25 Mn 1.31             Mittlefehldt 2004 Ebihara et al. 1997
Miles IIE Iron 25 Mn 2.07             Mittlefehldt 2004 Ebihara et al. 1997
Mincy Mesosiderite 25 Mn 4.6             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press
Simpson & Ahrens 1977
Mishash Formation 25 Mn 17         3 ppm Altschuller 1980 Mazor 1963
Mississippi River Particulates 25 Mn 1300           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Monterey Formation 25 Mn 130         5 ppm Altschuller 1980
Monzonites 25 Mn 0.1         252 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Moon 25 Mn 0.03           ppm Morgan et al. 1978 Ganapathy & Anders 1974
Moore County Eucrite 25 Mn 3.49             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
MORB Basaltic Glass 25 Mn 0.2           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
MORB Basaltic Glass 25 Mn 0.2           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
MORB Basaltic Glass 25 Mn 0.25           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
MORB Basaltic Glass 25 Mn 0.19           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
Mugearites 25 Mn 0.26         55 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
N-MORB 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
N-MORB 25 Mn 0.17           wt% Klein 2004 Thompson et al. 1980
N-MORB 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 Presnall & Hoover 1987
N-MORB 25 Mn 0.19           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Hofmann 1988
Ito et al. 1987
Smith et al. 1995
Hauri & Hart 1997
N-MORB 25 Mn 0.18           wt% Klein 2004 Lehnert 2000
N-MORB 25 Mn 0.16           wt% Klein 2004 Niu et al. 1999
Nakhla Meteorite 25 Mn 3820   310       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Nankai Trench 25 Mn 0.59           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Nano Ooze 25 Mn 0.11         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Narbada River Particulates 25 Mn 1200           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Nepheline Leucite Basalts 25 Mn 0.15         70 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Nepheline Syenites 25 Mn 0.15         108 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Nephelinites 25 Mn 0.26         159 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
New Hebrides Islands 25 Mn 0.19         65 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Niger River Particulates 25 Mn 650           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Norites 25 Mn 0.14         188 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
North Antilles Trench 25 Mn 0.17           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 25 Mn 0.45         8 wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980
Novo-Urei Ureilite 25 Mn 0.386   0.004       wt%ox Boynton et al. 1976
Nuevo Laredo Eucrite 25 Mn 4.5             Mittlefehldt 2004 Warren & Jerde 1987
Ocean Arc Xenoliths 25 Mn 0.14 0.14 0.01     21   Pearson et al. 2004
Ocean Island Peridotite 25 Mn 0.06           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988
Ocean Island Peridotite 25 Mn 0.11           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988
Ocean Island Peridotite 25 Mn 0.08           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988
Ocean Island Peridotite 25 Mn 0.05           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Sen 1988
Oceanic Crust 25 Mn 1200           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1981
Oceanic Island Xenoliths 25 Mn 0.13 0.12 0.04     16   Pearson et al. 2004
Oceans Deep water 25 Mn 38           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Landing & Bruland 1980
Oceans Surface water 25 Mn 34           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Landing & Bruland 1980
ODP Site 735 25 Mn 0.157 0.15       22 wt%ox Hart et al. 1999
ODP/DSDP Site 417/418 25 Mn 0.17           wt%ox Staudigel et al. 1996
Orangeite 25 Mn 0.14         114 wt% Farmer 2004 Mitchell 1995
Ordinary Chondrites   Cr/Mn 1.51   0.08         McDonough & Sun 1995
Orgueil Chondrite 25 Mn 1980         12 ppm Anders & Grevesse 1989
Orgueil Chondrite 25 Mn 2.26             Grossman et al. 1985
Orgueil Chondrite 25 Mn 1960         12 ppm Anders & Ebihara 1982
Orinoco River Particulates 25 Mn 740           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Oulad Abdoun Basin 25 Mn 8         4 ppm Altschuller 1980
Paleozoic Orogens 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Paleozoic Orogens 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Parana River Particulates 25 Mn 270           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 0.41         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 0.41         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 0.77         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 2.1         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 1.7         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 1.7           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 2.13         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 25 Mn 0.59         55 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelites 25 Mn 0.07         69 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Pelites 25 Mn 0.06         1341 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Pena Blanca Spring Aubrite 25 Mn 1.94             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wolf et al. 1983
Lodders et al. 1993
Peninsular Range Batholith 25 Mn 0.03           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Sylvester 1995
Peridotites 25 Mn 0.41         103 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Periodotite Massifs 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Walter 2004 Bonatti et al. 1986
Periodotite Section in Ophiolites   Fe/Mn 62   7         McDonough 1991
Periodotite Section in Ophiolites 25 Mn   0.13         wt%ox McDonough 1991
Peru Trench 25 Mn 0.43           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Petersburg Eucrites 25 Mn 4             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mason et al. 1979
Buchanan & Reid 1996
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.21         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.17         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.19         1 wt% Farmer 2004 Peate 1997
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.17         9 wt% Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.25         36 wt% Farmer 2004 Hooper & Hawkesworth 1993
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.18         6 wt% Farmer 2004 Lightfoot et al. 1990
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.23         18 wt% Farmer 2004 Lightfoot et al. 1990
Phanerozoic Flood Basalts 25 Mn 0.17         7 wt% Farmer 2004 Wooden et al. 1993
Philip Trench 25 Mn 0.93           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Phonolites 25 Mn 0.17         320 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Phosphoria Formation 25 Mn 0.003         61 ppm Gulbrandsen 1966
Phosphoria Formation 25 Mn   30         ppm Gulbrandsen 1966
Phosphoria Formation 25 Mn 30         60 ppm Altschuller 1980 Gulbrandsen 1966
Post-Archean Terrrains 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971
Precambrian Canadian Shield 25 Mn 0.068           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Precambrian Granulites 25 Mn 0.12         88 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Primitive Mantle   Cr/Mn 2.5             McDonough & Sun 1995
Primitive Mantle   Fe/Mn 61             McDonough 1991
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.15           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Ringwood 1979
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.14           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Sun 1982
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Wanke et al. 1984
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Hart & Zindler 1986
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.131           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Anderson 1983
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Palme & Nickel 1985
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.14           wt%ox McDonough 1990 McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun 1982
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.14           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 McDonough & Sun 1989
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn   0.14         wt%ox McDonough 1991 McDonough & Frey 1989
Sun 1982
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 1013           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Jagoutz et al. 1979
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.149           wt%ox Allegre et al. 1995
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Hart & Zindler 1986
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Palme & Nickel 1985
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Walter 2004 Palme & O'Neill 2004
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Green et al. 1979
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Frey 1989 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Jagoutz et al. 1979
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 1045           ppm Wedepohl & Hartmann 1994 Wedepohl 1991
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.135           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 1050           ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 O'Neill & Palme 1998
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 1045   104.5       ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.13           wt% Workman & Hart 2005 McDonough & Sun 1995
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Pearson et al. 2004 McDonough & Sun 1995
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 0.15           wt% Walter 2004 Allegre et al. 1995
Primitive Mantle 25 Mn 1050   105       ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 O'Neill & Palme 1998
Protolith Gabbros at ODP Site 735 25 Mn 0.17         8 wt%ox Hart et al. 1999
Pungo River Formation 25 Mn 10         2 ppm Altschuller 1980
Pyrolites 25 Mn 0.15           wt% Walter 2004 Ringwood 1979
Pyrolites 25 Mn 0.14           wt% Walter 2004 McDougall & Sun 1995
Pyroxenites 25 Mn 0.16         106 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Qingzhen Enstatite Chondrite 25 Mn 2.05             Grossman et al. 1985
QUE 94201 Meteorite 25 Mn 3480   150       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Radiolarian Clay 25 Mn 0.48         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 25 Mn 0.33         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 25 Mn 0.17         11 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 25 Mn 0.33         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarites 25 Mn 0.38         17 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarites 25 Mn 0.04         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarites 25 Mn 0.02           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997
Retort Phosphatic Shale Member 25 Mn 0.003         20 ppm Gulbrandsen 1966
Rhyodacites 25 Mn 0.09         63 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Rifted Continental Margins 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
Rifted Continental Margins 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Rudnick & Fountain 1995
River Particulates 25 Mn 1050           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Rivers 25 Mn 7           ppb Li 1982
Ryuku Trench 25 Mn 2.06           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Scotia Island Basalt 25 Mn 0.15         41 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Seawater 25 Mn 10           ng/kg Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Landing & Bruland 1980
Seawater 25 Mn 0.005             Broeker & Peng 1982
Seawater 25 Mn 0.04           ppb Li 1982 Klinkhammer & Bender 1980
Martin & Knauer 1980
Seawater 25 Mn 72             Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987
Seawater 25 Mn 0.5     0.2 3     Bruland 1983
Sediments 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1969
Serra De Mage Eucrite 25 Mn 4.88             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Shalka Diogenite 25 Mn 4.28             Mittlefehldt 2004 McCarthy et al. 1972
Mittlefehldt 1994
Shallowater Aubrite 25 Mn 0.68             Mittlefehldt 2004 Easton 1985
Keil et al. 1989
Shergotty Meteorite 25 Mn 4110   130       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Silicate Earth   Cr/Mn 2.5             McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Jagoutz et al. 1979
Silicate Earth 25 Mn 1045           ppm McDonough 2004
Silicate Earth 25 Mn 0.135           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth 25 Mn 1045           µg/g McDonough 1998
Silicate Earth 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Silicate Earth 25 Mn 1045   104.5       ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox McDonough & Sun 1995 Green et al. 1979
Silicic Precambrian Granulites 25 Mn 0.06         23 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Silicified Limestone 25 Mn 0.17           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Silty Mud 25 Mn 0.59         16 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Sioux County Eucrite 25 Mn 4.34             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Slope Lisbourne Group 25 Mn 30         4 ppm Altschuller 1980 Patton & Matzko 1959
Solar Corona 25 Mn 5.38   0.17         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Breneman & Stone 1985
Solar Corona 25 Mn 5.38   0.18         Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar Photosphere 25 Mn 5.39   0.03         Palme & Jones 2004 Grevesse & Sauval 1998
Solar Photosphere 25 Mn 5.39   0.03         Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 25 Mn 5.51   0.2755         Palme & Jones 2004
Solar System 25 Mn 9300             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982
Solar System 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Le Maitre 1976
Solar System 25 Mn 9510   922.47     16   Anders & Ebihara 1982
Solar System 25 Mn 9550   916.8     20   Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solid Earth   Cr/Mn       2 2     McDonough & Sun 1995
Solid Earth 25 Mn       0.22 0.24   wt% McDonough & Sun 1995
Solid Earth 25 Mn 0.08           wt% McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 25 Mn 800           ppm McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 25 Mn 2600           ppm Allegre et al. 1995
Solid Earth 25 Mn 720           µg/g McDonough 1998
Solid Mars 25 Mn 0.1           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Hamilton et al. 2001
Wyatt et al. 2001
Solid Mars 25 Mn 0.1           wt% McSween, Jr. 2004 Hamilton et al. 2001
Wyatt et al. 2001
South African Garnet Peridotites 25 Mn 0.13           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Boyd & Mertzman 1987
South Antilles Trench 25 Mn 0.07           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Sandwich Trench 25 Mn 0.06           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Spinel Peridotites   Fe/Mn 60 59 10     366   McDonough 1990
Spinel Peridotites   Fe/Mn 60   10         McDonough 1991
Spinel Peridotites 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox McDonough 1990 Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Spinel Peridotites 25 Mn   0.14         wt%ox McDonough 1991 Maaloe & Aoki 1975
Jordan 1979
Boyd 1989
McDonough 1990
Spinel Peridotites 25 Mn 0.14 0.14 0.03     366 wt%ox McDonough 1990
St. Lawrence River Particulates 25 Mn 700           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Stannern Eucrite 25 Mn 4             Mittlefehldt 2004 Barrat et al. 2000
McCarthy et al. 1973
Stony Meteorites 25 Mn 400             Herzog 2004
Subducted Sediment 25 Mn 0.32   0.13       wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Sumatra Trench 25 Mn 0.12           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Syenites 25 Mn 0.13         436 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 25 Mn 0.17   0.002     17 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 25 Mn 0.19   0.014     6 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 25 Mn 0.19   0.001     114 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 25 Mn 0.18   0.001     95 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 25 Mn 0.21   0.005     7 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Talkeetna Arc Plutonic Rocks 25 Mn 0.11   0.003     28 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Tamalyk Krasnoyarsk 25 Mn 100         38 ppm Altschuller 1980 Chaikina & Nikolskaya 1970
Tephrites 25 Mn 0.15         84 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tholeiites 25 Mn 0.18         190 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tinguaites 25 Mn 0.22         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tonalites 25 Mn 0.08         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tonalites 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995
Tonalites 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Wedepohl 1991
Arth et al. 1978
Ermanovics et al. 1979
Tarney et al. 1979
Schermerhorn 1987
Paradis et al. 1988
Pohl & Emmermann 1991
Tepper et al. 1993
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 25 Mn 0.07         641 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 25 Mn 0.06         553 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 25 Mn 0.05         355 wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Martin 1995
Tonga Trench 25 Mn 2.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Tongan Basalts 25 Mn 0.17         70 wt% Kelemen et al. 2004
Trachyandesites 25 Mn 0.16         223 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Trachybasalts 25 Mn 0.16         155 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Trachytes 25 Mn 0.15         483 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Turbidites 25 Mn 0.08         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Turbidites 25 Mn 0.11         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Ultrabasic Precambrian Granulites 25 Mn 0.14         14 wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1   0.01       wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 see text









Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt%ox Weaver & Tarney 1984 Taylor & McLennan 1981
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.17           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Staudigel et al. 1995
Smith et al. 1995
Hart & Staudigel 1989
Staudigel et al. 1989
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 600           ppm Taylor & McLennan 1995
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 527           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Kemp & Hawkesworth 2004 Rudnick & Gao 2004
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.07           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Clarke & Washington 1924
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Clarke 1889
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.08           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Fahrig & Eade 1968
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1976
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Gao et al. 1998
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.1           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Borodin 1998
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.12           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Goldschmidt 1933
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.07           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Shaw et al. 1967
Upper Continental Crust 25 Mn 0.07           wt% Rudnick & Gao 2004 Taylor & McLennan 1985
Ureilite Primitive Achondrites 25 Mn       0.361 0.384   wt%ox Boynton et al. 1976 Mason 1971
Vanuatu Trench 25 Mn 0.21           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Vega 2 25 Mn 0.14   0.12       wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Surkov et al. 1986
Venera 13 Rocks 25 Mn 0.2   0.1       wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Surkov et al. 1984
Venera 14 Rocks 25 Mn 0.16   0.08       wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Surkov et al. 1984
Venus Mantle 25 Mn 0.2           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Venus Mantle 25 Mn 0.09           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Morgan & Anders 1980
Lodders & Fegley 1998
Venus N-MORB 25 Mn 0.17           wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Wilson 1989
Veramin Mesosiderite 25 Mn 3.7             Mittlefehldt 2004 Mittlefehldt in press
Powell 1971
Volcanoclastic Sediment 25 Mn 0.19         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Volcanoclastic Turbidites 25 Mn 0.13         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Volcanoclastic Turbidites 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Elliot et al. 1997
Volcanoclastic Turbidites 25 Mn 0.15         43 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Watson IIE Iron 25 Mn 2.9             Mittlefehldt 2004 Olsen et al. 1994
Websterites 25 Mn 0.09         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Winonaite Pontlyfni 25 Mn 2.02             Mittlefehldt 2004 Graham et al. 1977
Davis et al. 1977
Winonaite Tierra Blanca 25 Mn 2.04             Mittlefehldt 2004 Kallemeyn & Wasson 1985
Jarosweich 1990
Xenolites 25 Mn 0.13           wt% Walter 2004 Jagoutz et al. 1979
Y-74450 Eucrites 25 Mn 4.11             Mittlefehldt 2004 Wanke et al. 1977
Y-791491 Lodranite 25 Mn 2.2             Mittlefehldt 2004 Weigel et al. 1999
Yangtze Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 25 Mn 0.1           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 25 Mn 0.09           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 25 Mn 0.11           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yukon River Particulates 25 Mn 1270           µg/g Martin & Meybeck 1979
Zeolite Clay 25 Mn 0.17         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
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