GERM Reservoir Database
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

GERM Database Search Results        
Reservoir Z Element Value Median SD Low High N Unit Info Reference Source(s)
Ademellites 6 C 0.09         113 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Alaska Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Aleutian Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
ALH 77005 Meteorite 6 C 140   90       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
ALH 84001 Meteorite 6 C 580           ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Amphibolites 6 C 0.46         189 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Andaman Trench 6 C 0.05           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Andesites 6 C 0.05         2203 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Andesites 6 C       10 1200   ppm Oppenheimer 2004 Johnson et al. 1993
Wallace & Anderson 2000
Anorthosites 6 C 0.14         97 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Archean Canadian Shield 6 C 0.16           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Goodwin 1978
Archean Canadian Shield 6 C 0.2           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971
Archean Terrains 6 C 2.3           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Shaw et al. 1967
Arenaceous Rocks 6 C 0.29         121 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Arenaceous Rocks 6 C 1.22         2754 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Ashy Clay 6 C 1.1         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Atmosphere   12C 1             Porcelli & Turekian 2014 Ozima & Podosek 2001
Porcelli et al. 2002
Atmosphere   13C 0.0113             Porcelli & Turekian 2014 Ozima & Podosek 2001
Porcelli et al. 2002
Atmosphere   14C 75             Turekian & Graustein 2004 Lal & Peters 1967
Atmosphere 6 C 265           ppt Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 6 C 65           ppt Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 6 C       0.1 1   ppb Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 6 C 540           ppt Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 6 C 1.7           ppm Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 6 C 360           ppm Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Atmosphere 6 C 55700000000000000             Porcelli & Turekian 2007 Keeling & Whorf 2000
Atmosphere 6 C       5 20   ppb Prinn 2004 Brasseur et al. 1999
Prinn et al. 2000
Basalts 6 C 0.11         3156 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Basanites 6 C 0.18         138 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Brown Clay 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Brown Clay 6 C 0         29 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Carbonate 6 C 34.5         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Carbonate Turbidites 6 C 25.08         87 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Carbonates 6 C 36.37         2038 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Carbonates 6 C 35.08         50 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Cascadia Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central America Trench 6 C 26.55           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 0.27           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 1.84           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 0.83           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 0.95           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 5.48           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 0.93           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 0.51           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 0.44           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 3.14           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Central East China Craton 6 C 0.55           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Chassigny Meteorite 6 C 847           ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Chert 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Chert 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Chondritic Porous Interplanetary Dust Particles 6 C 2.39         30   Bradley 2004 Schramm et al. 1989
Chondritic Smooth Interplanetary Dust Particles 6 C 1.32         30   Bradley 2004 Schramm et al. 1989
CI Chondrites 6 C 3.2           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Wasson & Kallemeyn 1988
CI Chondrites 6 C 3.22   0.322       wt% Palme & Jones 2004 Palme & Beer 1993
CI Chondrites 6 C 32200   3220       ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 6 C 0.7             Bradley 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 6 C 3.45           wt% Palme & Jones 2004 Anders & Grevesse 1989
CI Chondrites 6 C 7.39   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004
CI Chondrites 6 C 3.5           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995
CI Chondrites 6 C 3.5           wt% McDonough & Sun 1995 Palme 1988
Clastic Turbidites 6 C 0         28 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
CM Chondrites 6 C 0.35             Bradley 2004 Jarosewich 1990
Coarse Interplanetary Dust Particles 6 C 1.31         30   Bradley 2004 Schramm et al. 1989
Colombia Trench 6 C 22.26           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Comet Halley 6 C 8.9             Anders & Grevesse 1989 Geiss 1987
Comet Halley 6 C 8.66             Anders & Grevesse 1989 Delsemme 1988
Comet Halley 6 C 8.64   0.08         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Jessberger et al. 1988
Continental Arc Basalt 6 C 1.44             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Continental Crust 6 C 1990           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Core 6 C 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004
Core 6 C 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004
Core 6 C       2 4   wt% Li & Fei 2004 Wood 1993
Core 6 C 0.2           wt% Li & Fei 2004 McDonough & Sun 1995
Core 6 C 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004
Core 6 C 2000           µg/g McDonough 1998
Core 6 C 0.2           wt% McDonough 2004
Dacites 6 C 0.06         578 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Dacites 6 C 6.924             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Depleted Mantle 6 C 50.3   12.072       ppm Salters & Stracke 2004
Diabases 6 C 0.16         370 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Diatom Oozes & Clay 6 C 0         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Clay 6 C 0         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Mud 6 C 0.97         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diatome Ooze 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Diorite 6 C 0.42         260 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Diorites 6 C 0.1         755 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Dolerites 6 C 0.18         687 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
DSDP/ODP Site 800 6 C 5.22           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
DSDP/ODP Site 801 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Dunites 6 C 0.43         78 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
East China Craton 6 C 0.97           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
East China Craton 6 C 0.94           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
East Sunda Trench 6 C 7.04           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Felsic Granulites 6 C 0.25         137 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Felsic Volcanics 6 C 0.53         972 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Ferruginous Clay 6 C 3.83         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 6 C 11.26             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Fresh Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts 6 C       50 400   ppm Oppenheimer 2004 Johnson et al. 1993
Wallace & Anderson 2000
Gabbros 6 C 0.07         1317 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Granites 6 C 0.33         1226 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Granites 6 C 0.57         402 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Granites 6 C 0.05         2236 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Granodiorites 6 C 0.08         723 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Green Clay 6 C 0         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Halley Comet Tail   C/Mg 11.3             Brownlee 2004 Grun & Jessberger 1990
Halley Comet Tail   C/Mg 11.3             Brownlee 2004 Huebner 2002
Halley Comet Tail   C/Mg 12             Brownlee 2004 Geiss 1988
Halley Comet Tail   N/C 0.06             Brownlee 2004 Grun & Jessberger 1990
Halley Comet Tail   N/C       0.03 0.06     Brownlee 2004 Geiss 1988
Halley Comet Tail   N/C 0.2             Brownlee 2004 Huebner 2002
Halley Comet Tail   O/C 1.6             Brownlee 2004 Huebner 2002
Halley Comet Tail   O/C 1.8             Brownlee 2004 Geiss 1988
Halley Comet Tail   O/C 1.3             Brownlee 2004 Grun & Jessberger 1990
Harzburgites 6 C 0.09         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Hawaiites 6 C 0.04         58 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Hydrothermal Sediment 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Interior North China Craton 6 C 5.54           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 6 C 1.2           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 6 C 0.55           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 6 C 0.82           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interior North China Craton 6 C 1.76           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interlayerd Clay & Chert 6 C 0         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Interlayered Chert & Limestone 6 C 15         5 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Interlayered Clay & Chert 6 C 0         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Intermediate Granulites 6 C 0.26         136 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Interplanetary Dust Particles 6 C 1.75         30   Bradley 2004 Schramm et al. 1989
Intra Stellar Medium 6 C 8.14   2.849         Palme & Jones 2004 Savage & Sembach 1996
Island Arc Andesite 6 C 1.9             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Izu-Bonin Trench 6 C 3.76           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Japan Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Java Trench 6 C 1.07           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Jupiter Atmosphere 6 C       2.5 3.5     Lunine 2004 Atreya et al. 1999b
Gautier et al. 2001
Noll et al. 1989
Fink et al. 1978
Kamchatka Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kerm Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Kimberlite 6 C 3.6         32 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994
Kimberlite 6 C 4.53         22 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994
Kimberlite 6 C 5.3         35 wt% Farmer 2004 Taylor et al. 1994
Kuriles Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
L Ordinary Chondrites 6 C 0.02             Bradley 2004 Jarosewich 1990
Latites 6 C 0.19         146 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Lherzolites 6 C 0.08         177 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Lower Continental Crust 6 C 588           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Lujavrites 6 C 0.03         76 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Mafic Granulites 6 C 0.23         128 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Mafic Intrusions 6 C 0.48         308 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Makran Trench 6 C 5.08           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Manganese Nodules 6 C 1000           ppm Li 1991 Baturin 1988
Mantle 6 C 0.01           wt% McDonough 2004
Marianas Trench 6 C 2.61           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Marine Apatites 6 C       0.8 3.5   wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966
Marine Organisms 6 C 345000           ppm Li 1991 Bowen 1979
Marine Pelagic Clay 6 C 4500           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Marine Shales 6 C 12000           ppm Li 1991 Turekian & Wedepohl 1961
Vinogradov 1959
Mars Atmosphere   13C/12C 0   50         McSween, Jr. 2004 Bogard et al. 2001
Mars Atmosphere 6 C 95             McSween, Jr. 2004 Bogard et al. 2001
Mavic Volcanics 6 C 0.72         632 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Mead Peak Phosphatic Shale Member 6 C 2.49         41 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966
Metafelsic Volcanics 6 C 0.35         41 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Metalliferous Clay 6 C 0         12 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Metamorphic Rocks 6 C 1.1           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Poldervaart 1955
Mexico Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Monzonites 6 C 0.08         252 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Mugearites 6 C 0.15         55 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
N-MORB 6 C 0.05           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Hofmann 1988
Ito et al. 1987
Smith et al. 1995
Hauri & Hart 1997
Nakhla Meteorite 6 C 300   100       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Nankai Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Nano Ooze 6 C 12.32         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Nepheline Leucite Basalts 6 C 0.15         70 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Nephelinites 6 C 0.6         159 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Neptune Atmosphere 6 C       30 60     Lunine 2004 Gautier et al. 1995
Norites 6 C 0.18         188 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
North Antilles Trench 6 C 0.59           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 6 C 0.72           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 6 C 0.84           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 6 C 4.35           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 6 C 1.25           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
North Qinling Belt in China 6 C 0           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 6 C 0.4         8 wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980
Northern Blake Plateau Phosphorites 6 C 11.4         8 wt%ox Manheim et al. 1980
Ocean Island Basalts 6 C       2000 6500   ppm Oppenheimer 2004 Johnson et al. 1993
Wallace & Anderson 2000
Ocean Island Basalts 6 C 3.15             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Ocean Island Basalts 6 C 48.9             Oppenheimer 2004 Symonds et al. 1994
Oceans Deep water 6 C 2264             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Broecker & Takahashi 1978
Oceans Surface water 6 C 2039             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Broecker & Takahashi 1978
ODP/DSDP Site 417/418 6 C 2.95           wt%ox Staudigel et al. 1996
ODP/DSDP Site 417/418 6 C 2.95           wt%ox Staudigel et al. 1995
ODP/DSDP Site 417/418   d13C 1.06             Staudigel et al. 1996
ODP/DSDP Site 417/418   d13C 1.06             Staudigel et al. 1995
Oldoinyo Lengai Carbonatite 6 C 24.4             Oppenheimer 2004 Oppenheimer et al. 2002
Orgueil Chondrite 6 C 3.45         7   Anders & Ebihara 1982 Belsky & Kaplan 1970
Gibson et al. 1971
Wiik 1969
Orgueil Chondrite 6 C 3.45         7 wt% Anders & Grevesse 1989
Pelagic Clay 6 C 3.86         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 6 C 0         55 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 6 C 0         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 6 C 0         6 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 6 C 0         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 6 C 3.86         56 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelagic Clay 6 C 0         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Pelites 6 C 1.63         1341 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Pelites 6 C 0.35         69 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Peridotites 6 C 0.3         103 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Peru Trench 6 C 18.49           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Philip Trench 6 C 8.63           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Phonolites 6 C 0.08         320 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Phosphoria Formation 6 C 2.2         61 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966
Post-Archean Terrrains 6 C 0.1           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986 Eade & Fahrig 1971
Precambrian Canadian Shield 6 C 0.02           wt% Shaw et al. 1986
Precambrian Canadian Shield 6 C 1.28           wt%ox Shaw et al. 1986
Primitive Mantle 6 C 100           ppm Palme & O'Neill 2004 Zhang & Zindler 1993
Primitive Mantle 6 C 120           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
Pyroxenites 6 C 0.13         106 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Radiolarian Clay 6 C 0         11 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 6 C 0         2 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 6 C 0         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarian Clay 6 C 0         8 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarites 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Radiolarites 6 C 0         17 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Retort Phosphatic Shale Member 6 C 1.54         20 wt%ox Gulbrandsen 1966
Rhyodacites 6 C 0.21         63 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Rhyolites 6 C 0.08         554 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
River Particulates 6 C 9000             Meybeck 1982
Rivers 6 C 15900             Meybeck 1982
Ryuku Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Saturn Atmosphere 6 C 6             Lunine 2004 Atreya et al. 1999b
Gautier et al. 2001
Noll et al. 1989
Fink et al. 1978
Seawater 6 C 4             Broeker & Peng 1982
Seawater 6 C 2200             Quinby-Hunt & Turekian 1983 Broecker & Takahashi 1978
Seawater 6 C 2300             Broeker & Peng 1982
Seawater 6 C 2             von Glasow & Crutzen 2004 Andrews et al. 1996
Seawater 6 C 28000000             Li 1991 Whitfield & Turner 1987
Seawater 6 C 2.3     2 2.5     Bruland 1983
Sediments 6 C 5.9           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995 Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1969
Shergotty Meteorite 6 C 530   130       ppm McSween, Jr. 2004 Lodders 1998
Silicate Earth 6 C 120           ppm McDonough 2004
Silicate Earth 6 C 120           µg/g McDonough 1998
Silicate Earth 6 C 120           ppm McDonough & Sun 1995
Silicate Earth 6 C 8.3e+21             Porcelli & Turekian 2013 Hunt 1972
Ronov & Yaroshevskiy 1976
Silicified Limestone 6 C 18.43           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Silty Mud 6 C 0         16 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Solar Corona 6 C 7.9   0.06         Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar Corona 6 C 8.33   0.48         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Meyer 1985
Solar Corona 6 C 7.92   0.04         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Breneman & Stone 1985
Solar Photosphere 6 C 8.39   0.04         Palme & Jones 2004 Allende Prieto et al. 2002
Solar Photosphere 6 C 8.56   0.04         Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 6 C 8.39   2.517         Palme & Jones 2004
Solar System 6 C 11100000             Anders & Ebihara 1982 Cameron 1982
Solar System 6 C 10100000             Anders & Grevesse 1989
Solar System 6 C 7.08             Clayton 2004 Palme & Jones 2004
Solar System 6 C 12100000   3630000         Anders & Ebihara 1982
Solar Wind 6 C 7.88   0.02         Anders & Grevesse 1989 Bochsler 1987
Solid Earth 6 C 730           µg/g McDonough 1998
Solid Earth 6 C 730           ppm McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 6 C 0.07           wt% McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 6 C 0.07           wt% McDonough 2004
Solid Earth 6 C 0.07           wt% McDonough 2004
South Antilles Trench 6 C 0.08           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 6 C 1.04           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 6 C 1.27           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 6 C 1.62           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 6 C 3.18           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Margin of North China Craton 6 C 0.67           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 6 C 0.94           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 6 C 4.64           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 6 C 0.88           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Qinling Belt in China 6 C 1.25           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
South Sandwich Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Spinel Peridotites 6 C 110 93 50     13 ppm McDonough 1990
Stony Meteorites 6 C 50             Herzog 2004
Subducted Sediment 6 C 3.01   1.44       wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Sumatra Trench 6 C 0.14           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Syenites 6 C 0.28         436 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tephrites 6 C 0.02         84 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tholeiites 6 C 0.03         190 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tinguaites 6 C 0.06         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tonalites 6 C 0.14         83 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 6 C 0.22         553 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites 6 C 0.34         641 wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Tonga Trench 6 C 0           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Trachyandesites 6 C 0.08         223 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Trachybasalts 6 C 0.1         155 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Trachytes 6 C 0.09         483 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Turbidites 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Turbidites 6 C 0         4 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Upper Continental Crust 6 C 3240           ppm Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 6 C 0.8           wt%ox Wedepohl 1995
Upper Continental Crust 6 C 2.95           wt%ox Hart et al. 1999 Staudigel et al. 1995
Smith et al. 1995
Hart & Staudigel 1989
Staudigel et al. 1989
Uranus Atmosphere 6 C       30 60     Lunine 2004 Gautier et al. 1995
Vanuatu Trench 6 C 3.94           wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Venus Atmosphere   12C/13C 86   12         Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Atmosphere   12C/13C 88.3   1.6         Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Venus Atmosphere 6 C 96.5   0.772       wt% Fegley, Jr. 2004 Lodders & Fegley 1998
Wieler 2002
Volcanoclastic Sediment 6 C 2.53         15 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Volcanoclastic Turbidites 6 C 0         43 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Volcanoclastic Turbidites 6 C 0         13 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
Websterites 6 C 0.02         199 wt%ox Le Maitre 1976
Yangtze Craton 6 C 6.01           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 6 C 0.68           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 6 C 0.39           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 6 C 2.13           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Yangtze Craton 6 C 0.18           wt%ox Gao et al. 1998
Zeolite Clay 6 C 0         3 wt%ox Plank & Langmuir 1998
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