Relationships between thermal electrons and field aligned currents (FACs) in the auroral region have been investigated using data simultaneously obtained from the Thermal Electron Detector (TED) and the fluxgate magnetometer both onboard the EXOS-D satellite. Several features resulted from the observations are summarized as; (1) At altitudes from 300 to 1800km, electron temperature in the upward FAC region is higher than that of the neighboring no FAC region by the increment ΔT=1100~9500 K, while the temperature lower in the downward FAC region by the decrement -ΔT=1500~1500K. (2) The electron temperature increase in the upward-current region grows with an increase of the FAC density. (3) The thermal electrons do not have Maxwell distribution in the upward-current region at altitude higher than about 2000 km. ¿American Geophysical Union 1991