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Tabazadeh et al. 1995
Tabazadeh, A., Toon, O.B. and Hamill, P. (1995). Freezing behavior of stratospheric sulfate aerosols inferred from trajectory studies. Geophysical Research Letters 22: doi: 10.1029/95GL01335. issn: 0094-8276.

Temperature histories based on 10-day back trajectories for six ER-2 flights during AASE I (1989) and AAOE (1987) are presented. These trajectories along with the properties of the observed PSC (polar stratospheric cloud) particles are used here to infer the physical state of the pre-existing sulfuric acid aerosols. Of all the ER-2 flights described here, only the PSCs observed on the flights of January 24 and 25, 1989 are consistent with the thermodynamics of liquid ternary solutions of H2SO4/HNO3/H2O (Type Ib PSCs). For these two days, back trajectories indicate that the air mass was exposed to SAT (sulfuric acid tetrahydrate) melting temperatures about 24 hours prior to being sampled by the ER-2. For the remaining ER-2 flights (January 16, 19, and 20 for the AASE I campaign and August 17 for the AAOE campaign), the observed PSCs were probably composed of amorphous solid solutions of HNO3 and H2O (Type Ic PSCs). Formation of such Type Ic PSCs requires the presence of solid H2SO4 aerosols since liquid aerosols yield ternary solutions. The 10-day back trajectories of these flights indicate that the air mass was not exposed to SAT melting temperatures during the past week and had experienced cooling/warming cycles prior to being sampled by the ER-2. The temperature histories, recent laboratory measurements and the properties of glassy solids suggest that stratospheric H2SO4 aerosols may undergo a phase transition to SAT upon warming at ~198 K after going through a cooling cycle to about 194 K or lower. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1995

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Abstract

Keywords
Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Middle atmosphere—composition and chemistry, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801), Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Cloud physics and chemistry, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Volcanic effects
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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