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Doney et al. 1998
Doney, S.C., Bullister, J.L. and Wanninkhof, R. (1998). Climatic variability in upper ocean ventilation rates diagnosed using chlorofluorocarbons. Geophysical Research Letters 25: doi: 10.1029/98GL00844. issn: 0094-8276.

The chlorofluorocarbon CFC-12 (CCl2F2) distributions from two occupations of a meridional hydrographic section in the eastern North Atlantic are used to describe the oceanic penetration of CFCs and change in the integrated ventilation patterns over the five years from 1988 to 1993. The CFC-12 water-column inventories increased by 30--40%, despite a slowing atmospheric growth rate (14%), because of continuing uptake by undersaturated subsurface water masses whose response is lagged by the ventilation time-scales. After removing the long-term CFC temporal trend using a tracer age based normalization technique, we observe a distinct dipole pattern in upper ocean ventilation, with reduced convection in the subpolar gyre and enhanced production of saline subtropical underwater in 1993. These differences are discussed in relation to inter-annual variability in atmospheric surface forcing, upper ocean anomalies, and convection patterns associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation. ¿ 1998 American Geophysical Union

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Abstract

Keywords
Oceanography, Biological and Chemical, Chemical tracers, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Air/sea constituent fluxes (3339, 4504)
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
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Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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