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Füllekrug & Sukhorukov 1999
Füllekrug, M. and Sukhorukov, A.I. (1999). The contribution of anisotropic conductivity in the ionosphere to lightning flash bearing deviations in the ELF/ULF range. Geophysical Research Letters 26: doi: 10.1029/1999GL900174. issn: 0094-8276.

Lightning flash bearing deviations in the ELF/ULF range are monitored at two independently operating measurement instruments in Hollister, California, and Silberborn, Germany. The lightning flash bearing deviation at Hollister exhibits a rotational dependence ~12¿, associated with the conductivity contrast between the Earth's crust and the nearby Pacific Ocean. The bearing deviations at both stations exhibit a pronounced diurnal local time variation ~11¿. This diurnal variation is attributed to the anisotropic conductivity in the ionosphere during day- and nighttime conditions. No bearing deviation dependency from the source-receiver distance can be distinguished. Correction for the mean rotational dependence at Hollister and the mean diurnal variation at both locations results in residual bearing deviations ~¿10¿ which are related to the variability of anisotropic conductivity in the ionosphere on a subdiurnal time scale. ¿ 1999 American Geophysical Union

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Abstract

Keywords
Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Middle atmosphere—energy deposition, Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism, Rapid time variations, Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Lightning
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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