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Hoch et al. 1994
Hoch, E.L., Hallinan, T.J. and Stenbaek-Nielsen, H.C. (1994). Quantitative measurements of vaporization, burst ionization, and emission characteristics of shaped charge barium releases. Journal of Geophysical Research 99: doi: 10.1029/93JA01036. issn: 0148-0227.

Intensity-calibrated color video recordings of three barium-shaped charge injections in the ionosphere were used to determine the initial ionization, the column density corresponding to unity optical depth, and the yield of vaporized barium in the fast jet. It was found that the initial ionization at the burst was less than 1% and that 0% burst ionization was consistent with the observations. Owing to the Doppler shift, the column density for optical thickness in the neutral barium varies somewhat according to the velocity distribution. For the cases examined here, the column density was 2-5¿1010 atoms/cm2. This value, which occurred 12 to 15 s after release, should be approximately valid for most shaped charge experiments. The yield was near 30% (15% in the fast jet) for two of the releases and was somewhat lower in the third, which also had a lower peak velocity. This study also demonstrated the applicability of the computer simulation code developed for chemical releases by Stenbaek-Nielsen and provided experimental verification of the Doppler-corrected emission rates calculated by Stenbaek-Nielsen (1989). ¿ American Geophysical Union 1994

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Abstract

Keywords
Ionosphere, Active experiments, Ionosphere, Ionization mechanisms, Space Plasma Physics, Active perturbation experiments, Space Plasma Physics, Ionization processes
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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