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Kinoshita et al. 1969

Kinoshita, W.T., Koyanagi, R.Y., Wright, T.L. and Fiske, R.S. (1969). Kilauea Volcano; the 1967-68 summit eruption. Science 166(3904): 459-468.

The 1967-68 Halemaumau eruption began with the fountaining in Halemaumau crater along a line of vents oriented in a north-south direction across the crater floor, there being 31 separate episodes of eruption. Shallow harmonic tremor with a predominant period of about 0.5 sec preceded the eruption by about one hour and accompanied all the eruptive phases. During phase 1 to 23, high rates of lava extrusion were accompanied by high tremor amplitude and by an eastward tilt at Uwekahuna (deflation). Low or no output of lava was accompanied by low or no tremor and by a westward tilt (inflation). During phases 24 to 31, the lava output remained almost constant, but the tremor and tilt patterns showed minor fluctuations. Summit deformation and ground cracking during the eruption, rate of extrusion, temperature and composition of the lava and the question of eruption forecasting are discussed.

Keywords
1967-1968; East Pacific Ocean Islands; eruptions; Halemaumau, Crater; Hawaii; Hawaii County Hawaii; Hawaii Island; Kilauea;, lava; Oceania; Polynesia; seismicity; tilt; tremors; United, States; Uwekahuna; vents; volcanism; volcanoes; volcanology, 19, Seismology

Journal
Science
http://www.sciencemag.org/

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