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Sato 1975
Sato, T. (1975). Neutral winds and electrojet irregularities. Journal of Geophysical Research 80: doi: 10.1029/JA080i019p02835. issn: 0148-0227.

The influence of the neutral winds on charged particle motions in both the equatorial and the auroral electrojet region is studied as a causal mechanism of the phase velocity change of electrojet irregularities. It is found that although the way they are affected is quite different, both electrons and ions undergo the same velocity change in the equatorial region, which is equal to the neutral wind velocity. It is expected therefore that the velocity of any streaming irregularities is also subject to the same velocity change. On the other hand, electrons and ions in the auroral generally undergo different changes in velocity, so that without specifying the mechanism by which the irregularities are controlled, one cannot say how they are modified by neutral winds. For example, if the controlling mechanism is the quasi-linear retardation of the electron stream, the phase velocity of the two-stream irregularities would be changed in accord with the wind velocity variation.

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Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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