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D’Angelo & Olesen 1975
D’Angelo, N. and Olesen, J.K. (1975). On the relation of the ’slant E condition’ in polar cap ionograms to the solar wind sector structure. Journal of Geophysical Research 80: doi: 10.1029/JA080i019p02866. issn: 0148-0227.

The 'slant E condition' (SEC) in polar cap ionograms has been shown previously to indicate excitation of the Farley-Buneman instability in the E region. The SEC at Godhaven (Greenland) is shown here to correlate with the solar wind sector structure, the occurence rate of SEC being large a few days after passage of a sector boundary and declining in the trailing part of the sector. Analysis of SEC occurrence in terms of the solar wind velocity VSW measured on board Heos 2 indicates that no SEC occurs when VSW<350--400 km/s (in apparent agreement with the interpretation of SEC in terms of the Farley-Buneman instability).

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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