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Detailed Reference Information
Ossakow et al. 1975
Ossakow, S.L., Papadopoulos, K., Orens, J. and Coffey, T. (1975). Parallel propagation effects on the type 1 electrojet instability. Journal of Geophysical Research 80: doi: 10.1029/JA080i001p00141. issn: 0148-0227.

The Farley-Buneman instability has been extended to consider higher-frequency shorter-wavelength modes (thus including finite Debye length effects), and these modes are allowed to propagate with a component parallel to the magnetic field (k≠0). When the current is driven sufficiently hard (drift speeds in the range 2-3 times the ion thermal velocity &ngr;i), the growth rate of these modes maximize slightly away from the perpendicular to the magnetic field, and thus the importance of k≠0 is shown. Although the wavelengths of these maximum growing modes are in the regime of tens of centimeters, the phase velocities are closer to the ion thermal velocity than those modes propagating at 90¿ (k=0). Maximum growth rates of off-angle propagation for different densities and collision frequencies are shown. Also, growth rates of unstable waves in the radar regime (1-10 m) are shown for drift velocities 1.5 &ngr;, and 3&ngr;i. These also maximize with k≠0 and have phase velocities closer to &ngr;i than they have for purely perpendicular propagation. In all cases considered the phase velocity of the waves is a rapidly decreasing function of angle as one moves away from pure perpendicular propagation.

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Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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