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Detailed Reference Information
Goldman et al. 1976
Goldman, S.R., Scannopieco, A.J. and Ossakow, S.L. (1976). Early time striation structuring in ionized barium clouds due to the presence of BaO flow. Journal of Geophysical Research 81. doi: 10.1029/JA081i034p05980. issn: 0148-0227.

Model calculations of the interaction of a diffusing BaO cloud with an infinite conductivity Ba+ plasma cloud have been performed. This diffusing neutral cloud initially structures the ion cloud preferentially at long wavelengths for values of the ionized cloud radius &rgr;0, neutral cloud Gaussian radius a, and separation rl between ionized and neutral cloud centers such that &rgr;0rl/a2≲1. In the plane perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field B the phase of the distortions in the Ba+ cloud is such as to produce 'dimplings' of the field line integrated isodensity Ba+ contour at radius &rgr;0, i.e., to produce displacements radially inward toward the field line integrated Ba+ cloud center at both points where the line passing through the two cloud centers intersects the circle of radius &rgr;0 centered at the origin of the Ba+ cloud. The amplitud e of the displacements is greatest for &rgr;/a?1, rl/a?1. The inward displacements can be as large as 0.015a. For &rgr;0=a this could result in dimplelike displacements of characteristic size &rgr;0 in times of ~4&rgr;0/Vdr, where Vdr is the magnitude of the relative ion-neutral drift velocity in the striating region. Computer simulation results supporting these ideas are shown. Moreover, the theoretical model and attendant numerical results are in general agreement with observations of a 144-km Ba cloud released in the Secede test program.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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