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Neugebauer 1976
Neugebauer, M. (1976). The role of Coulomb collisions in limiting differential flow and temperature differences in the solar wind. Journal of Geophysical Research 81: doi: 10.1029/JA081i001p00078. issn: 0148-0227.

Analysis of data obtained by Ogo 5 confirms the Imp 6 observations of the inverse dependence of the helium to hydrogen temperature ratio THe/TH on &tgr;e/&tgr;c, the ratio of the solar wind expansion time to the Coulomb collision equipartition time. The difference between the absolute values of the averages of THe/TH as observed by Imp and Ogo is probably due to the difference of the weights given to high- and low-velocity periods by the two experiments. The magnitude of the differential flow vector Δv=‖vHe-vH‖ varies inversely with &tgr;e/&tgr;s (where &tgr;s is the Coulomb collision slowing-down time) when &tgr;e/&tgr;s is small and approaches zero when &tgr;e/&tgr;s is large. The data suggest a model of continuous preferential acceleration and heating of helium (or deceleration and cooling of hydrogen) which is opposed and limited by Coulomb collisions. Since the average dependence of Δ&ngr; on &tgr;e/&tgr;s cannot explain all of the systematic variations of Δ&ngr; observed in corotating high-velocity streams, extra helium acceleration (or hydrogen deceleration) probably occurs on the leading edge of such streams.

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Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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