Patterns of proton flow in the magnetotail plasma sheet are described. They are derived from observed anisotropies of the flux of protons measured with the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) plasma probe on Imp 6. These observations, made in the geocentric distance range r?25--32 RE, are entirely consistent with those made at r?18 RE with Vela satellites and reported earlier. In particular, the substorm thinning and thickening of the plasma sheet are seen and are accompanied by antisunward, then sunward, flow of plasma as they are at the Vela orbit. During one substorm the Goddard Space Flight Center magnetometer on the satellite clearly showed the Z component of the magnetic field in the plasma sheet to be southward throughout the expansion phase, while antisunward flow prevailed, and then to become suddenly northward again as the flow turned sunward at the substorm's recovery. This observation of the magnetic field behavior provides important confirmation of the view, regarding neutral line formation and movement during substorms, that has been established earlier on the basis of plasma flow measurements made by the Vela satellites. A dawn-to-dusk cross-tail proton flow comprising a proton current of ~107 protons/cm2 -s(~1.6¿10-12 A/cm2) was observed as the magnetometer indicated that the satellite was crossing the magnetic 'neutral sheet.' This observation further supports our earlier suggestion that dawn-to-dusk cross-tail proton flows, measured occasionally with the Vela satellites, constituted the magnetotail neutral sheet current. On one occasion, sunward flow of plasma at ~300--1000 km/s was observed to persist for ~9 hours in the plasma sheet concurrent with nearly continuous magnetic activity in the auroral zone. The interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) was quite intense and inclined steeply southward for 8 hours prior to, and throughout most of, this 9-hour interval. It appears that the magnetosphere responded to this occurrence of very prolonged strong southward IMF not with repeated substorms but by establishment of continuous rapid earthward convection of plasma from some region of the tail beyond r?27 RE. The plasma convection and magnetic activity died away gradually during a period of ~2 hours after the IMF suddenly became northward. |