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Pneuman 1976
Pneuman, G.W. (1976). Latitude dependence of the solar wind speed: Influence of the coronal magnetic field geometry. Journal of Geophysical Research 81: doi: 10.1029/JA081i028p05049. issn: 0148-0227.

The dependence of solar wind speed on latitude as influenced by the magnetic field configuration of the inner corona is studied. It is found that in general, a dipolelike field geometry characteristic of a minimum-type corona tends to produce a solar wind speed distribution which increases with heliographic latitude, in accordance with observations. At very high coronal base densities and temperatures, however, this effect is minimal or even inverted. Physically, the field affects the wind speed through its area divergence, a larger divergence resulting in correspondingly lower speeds. During solar minimum, eclipse photographs suggest that the field divergence increases from pole to equator, a characteristic not apparent during solar maximum. Hence we expect the latitudinal increase in speed to be most pronounced at the minimum phase of solar activity.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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