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Köhnlein et al. 1979
Köhnlein, W., Krankowsky, D., Lämmerzahl, P., Joos, W. and Volland, H. (1979). A thermospheric model of the annual variations of He, N, O, N2, and Ar from the Aeros Nims data. Journal of Geophysical Research 84: doi: 10.1029/JA084iA08p04355. issn: 0148-0227.

A model of the annual variations of He, N, O, N2, and Ar was derived from Aeros A and Aeros B neutral and ion mass spectrometer (Nims) data at two local times, 4 and 16 hours, in the altitude range 220-550 km. The Aeros data represent conditions near a solar minimum during the period December 1972 to September 1975. Using the analytical framework of the Ogo 6 model, the number densities of the constituents were expanded into spherical harmonics and the temperature inferred from N2 observations under the assumption of diffusive equilibrium. The average exospheric temperature ⟨T∞⟩=835 K (Kp=1; ⟨F10.7⟩=80) is in excellent agreement with Thuillier's model valud of 840 K (M1 model) but lies about 20 K above the corresponding temperature of the MSIS model. The familiar constituents He, O, N2, and Ar were extended by atomic nitrogen which was deduced from the 30-amu mass peak. At the poles this constituent shows a density pattern similar to N2 and at the equator like O, but the with much stronger diurnal variation.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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