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Rietveld 1980
Rietveld, M.T. (1980). Monochromatic precursor starts. Journal of Geophysical Research 85: doi: 10.1029/JA085iA05p02027. issn: 0148-0227.

Whistler precursors are discrete emissions that precede two-hop whistlers, starting shortly after the one-hop delay. More evidence is presented that the precursor and associated whistler propagate through the same duct, and observations of a new type of precursor are presented. The new precursor has a monochromatic precursor start (MPS) which may or may not trigger a riser. Although MPS's may be emissions entrained by power line radiation (PLR), phase analysis of the starting frequencies shows that they are not simply related to harmonics of the power line frequencies in the two conjugate regions (50 Hz in New Zealand, 60 Hz in Alaska). If the MPS is due to entrainment by PLR, then previous theories of precursor generation need not be discarded. Forward triggering of a precursor at a power line harmonic by a hybrid whistler may occur.

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Abstract

Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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