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Matsushita & Xu 1982
Matsushita, S. and Xu, W. (1982). Equivalent ionospheric current systems representing solar daily variations of the polar geomagnetic field. Journal of Geophysical Research 87: doi: 10.1029/JA080i010p08241. issn: 0148-0227.

Equivalent ionospheric current systems of the solar daily geomagnetic variations in both high and mid-low latitudes during a solar active period are estimated for three seasons and the yearly averages are compared with those during a solar quiet period. Field-aligned electric currents as well as the wind dynamo effects that produce the obtained electric current systems are examined. Since unreasonably large electric conductivity or wind speed is required to simulate the polar currents by the wind dynamo, it is concluded that field-aligned currents play a basic role in producing the current systems at high latitudes.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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