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Stubbe et al. 1982
Stubbe, P., Kopka, H., Jones, T.B. and Robinson, T. (1982). Wide band attenuation of radio waves caused by powerful HF waves: saturation and dependence on ionospheric variability. Journal of Geophysical Research 87: doi: 10.1029/JA087iA03p01551. issn: 0148-0227.

The phenomenon of wide band attenuation, i.e., anomalous absorption of an HF wave in the F region subjected to modification by a powerful HF wave, has been measured using the Troms¿ heating facility. Two types of results were found. In a quiet F region situation, the attenuation amounted to approximately 15 dB and did not change when the effective radiated heating power was lowered from 160 to 20 MW. In a variable F region, indicated by a high fading rate of the diagnostic wave, the absorption was considerably less than 15 dB and showed a strong dependence on the heating power. An explanation for both types of results is offered by extending a recent theory of Das and Fejer.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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