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LaBelle & Kelley 1986
LaBelle, J. and Kelley, M.C. (1986). The generation of kilometer scale irregularities in equatorial spread F. Journal of Geophysical Research 91: doi: 10.1029/JA091iA05p05504. issn: 0148-0227.

Two rockets launched into spread F during March 1983 show that the intermediate-scale spectrum of density irregularities sometimes exhibits a knee near 1 km scale length. This result confirms previous reports which are reviewed. Two different nonlinear theories of spread F turbulence are studied here and shown to be consistent with the experimental spectra when the knee is observed. Also, the existence or nonexistence of the knee may be effected by two linear mechanisms: the injection of kilometer scale turbulence at the steepened walls of spread F bubbles and the nonlocal role of the compressible E region in the development of spread F. This spectral feature, which seems to be associated with the most turbulent state of equatorial spread F, has not yet been identified in computer simulations.

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Abstract

Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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