We describe calculations of the effects of zonal and meridional winds on the equatorial electrojet vis-a-vis the observed features by solving the electrodynamic equations. Vertical shears in the zonal winds can cause significant changes in the electrojet beyond about 2¿ latitude. At the magnetic equator these changes are less than about 10%. The width (latitudinal) and the thickness (altitudinal) of the jet are changed by as much as 100% by these shears. When the width is decreased, the intensity of the current densities in meridional plane is increased. Steady (not varying with altitude) zonal winds are ineffective. These results are discussed in comparison with those of earlier authors. Meridional winds cause substantial cross-equatorial currents leading to considerable asymmetry in the distribution of the electrojet current density as inferred by the ground-based and rocket-borne magnetometers. The electrojet center is shifted to about 0.5¿ south of the equator by a steady northward wind of speed 100 m/s. The deviations in the magnitude of the electrojet current produced by the meridional winds are significant only beyond ¿2¿ off the equator. Structures in the vertical profiles of the eastward current density observed by rocket-borne magnetometers a few degrees off the equator can be accounted for by the zonal wind shears. ¿American Geophysical Union 1987 |