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Pilipp et al. 1987
Pilipp, W.G., Miggenrieder, H., Mühlhaüser, K.-H., Rosenbauer, H., Schwenn, R. and Neubauer, F.M. (1987). Variations of electron distribution functions in the solar wind. Journal of Geophysical Research 92: doi: 10.1029/JA092iA02p01103. issn: 0148-0227.

Variations of electron distribution functions in the solar wind have been investigated using the electron data observed aboard Helios 2 during the first four months of its mission in 1976 in the distance range between 0.3 and 1 AU. In particular, variations across the sector structure of interplanetary magnetic field and across the plasma stream structures have been studied. It has been found that there is a strong correlation between the electron properties and the sector structure of the magnetic field. Within the interior of magnetic sectors the electron distribution functions are extremely anisotropic and skewed with respect to the magnetic field direction at high particle energies (above 100 eV); i.e., the distribution functions have a narrow strahl (beam) directed along the magnetic field away from the sun. Often a slight indication of a second strahl directed along the magnetic field toward the sun has been found. Toward sector boundaries the electron distribution functions become less anisotropic and less skewed. Right at sector boundaries the electrons are relatively cool, and their distributions are nearly isotropic, often showing a slight bidirectional anisotropy. These observations have been interpreted to indicate that scattering of electrons with energies above 100 eV is weak within the interior of magnetic sectors but anomalous scattering increases drastically toward sector boundaries for all energies in the halo regime up to several hyndred eV. There is evidence for closed magnetic field structures, probably occurring frequently in the solar wind, where the magnetic field lines should usually be connected to the sun outside sector boundaries but may or may not be disconnected from the sun at sector boundaries. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1987

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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