We report here, for the first time, southern hemispheric measurements of the altitude, latitude, angle, and energy distributions of atmospheric neutrons from 5 to 80 MeV. The data were obtained with the University of California, Riverside, balloon-borne telescope flown from Alice Springs, Australia, on November 10, 1981, at 29¿ south geomagnetic latitude (SGML). The efficiencies required to evaluate the fluxes for both the upward and the downward moving neutrons were obtained from a Monte Carlo program tested against neutron calibrations. The counting rates of the upward and the downward moving neutrons increase from a residual altitude of 4 g/cm2 to a maximum at 100 g/cm2 and then decrease rapidly. These variations agree well with the previous results of Preszler et al. (1974) at 41¿ north geomagnetic latitude (NGML). The escape current calculated at 29¿ SGML, 8.5-GV cutoff, for neutron energies between 20 and 70 MeV, is 0.059¿0.008 neutrons/cm2 s, adding another point to the latitude distribution, in good agreement with the theoretical predictions of Merker (1972). The angular distributions at all altitudes are similar, with dips near 60¿ and 130¿ from the zenith direction. The energy distributions decrease with energy at all altitudes but flatten at energies around 25 MeV. The albedo neutron current decreases as E-1.61¿0.28 at 4.1 g/cm2. These values are compared with the experimental results of Preszler et al. (1974, 1976), Lockwood et al. (1976, 1979) and Bhatt (1983, 1986) and to the theoretical results of Armstrong et al. (1973) and Merker (1972,1975). ¿ American Geophysical Union 1988