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Hollweg 1990
Hollweg, J.V. (1990). On WKB expansions for Alfvén waves in the solar wind. Journal of Geophysical Research 95: doi: 10.1029/90JA01091. issn: 0148-0227.

We reexamine the WKB expansion for ''toroidal'' Alfv¿n waves in the solar wind, as described by equations (9) of Heinemann and Olbert (1980). Our principal conclusions are as follows: (1) The WKB expansion used by Belcher (1971) and Hollweg (1973) is nonuniformly convergent. (2) Using the method of multiple scales (Nayfeh, 1981), we obtain an expansion which is uniform. (3) The uniform expansion takes into account the small modification to the Alfv¿n wave phase speed due to spatial gradients of the background. (4) Both the uniform and nonuniform expansions reveal that each ''normal mode'' has both Els¿sser variable Δz+≠0 and Δz-≠0. Thus if Δz- corresponds to the outgoing mode in a homogeneous background, an observation of Δz+≠0 does not necessarily imply the presence of the inward propagating mode, as is commonly assumed. (5) Even at the Alfv¿n critical point (where V=vA) we find that Δz+≠0. Thus incompressible MHD turbulence, which requires both Δz+≠0 and Δz-≠0, can proceed at the Alfv¿n critical point (cf. Roberts, 1989). (6) With very few exceptions, the predictions of these calculations do not agree with recent observations (Marsch and Tu, 1990) of the power spectra of Δz+ and Δz- in the solar wind. Thus the evolution of Alfv¿n waves in the solar wind is governed by dynamics not included in the Heinemann and Olbert equations. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1990

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Keywords
Interplanetary Physics, Solar wind plasma, Interplanetary Physics, Plasma waves and turbulence
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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