The properties of a low-latitude aurora of September 22, 1982, observed with photometers and a spectrograph from McDonald Observatory, Texas, and an all-sky mapping photometer from a site near Boulder, Colorado, are discussed. The dominant emission was [OI> 630 nm with a 630/558 nm emission ratio of 3.8. Other weaker emissions were present that are characteristic of heavy particle aurorae and can be attributed to energetic (keV) ions and neutral atoms from the ring current. The properties of this and other low-latitude aurorae are discussed in the context of stable auroral red (SAR) arcs and type d aurorae, and of energetic ion and neutral aurorae. The emissions associated with heavy particle precipitation are characteristic of main phase conditions. The observed equatorial movement of main phase low-latitude red aurorae is consistent with the inward convection of ring current particles and the inward movement of the plasmapause. Previous work has hypothesized that coulomb collisions of plasmaspheric electrons with ring current O+ cause the energization of the electrons exciting SAR arcs. Calculations of [OI> 630 and 558 nm emissions show that for red aurorae with 630/558 nm ratios ~4, additional energization processes producing electrons in the energy range 10--10,000 eV are required. We propose some clarification of nonmenclature for several types of aurorae occurring at low latitudes. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1993