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Farrell et al. 1993
Farrell, W.M., MacDowall, R.J., Hess, R.A., Kaiser, M.L., Desch, M.D. and Stone, R.G. (1993). An interpretation of the broadband VLF waves near the Io torus as observed by Ulysses. Journal of Geophysical Research 98: doi: 10.1029/93JA02591. issn: 0148-0227.

The requirements for the Ulysses trajectory to attain high ecliptic latitudes using a Jovian gravitational assist resulted in a fortuitous passage through the Io torus region. Specifically, the spacecraft spend may hours at latitudes just above the torus. During this time the low-frequency cutoff of an ordinary mode (O mode) emission allowed a determination of the local electron plasma frequency (i.e., electron density) along the northern flank of the torus. Also, near a Jovian System III longitude of 100¿, the spacecraft flew past a set of active field lines that have been previously identified to be associated with the hectometric generation region. During the passage, Ulysses observed a newly discovered O mode component and a whistler mode emission similar to that observed by Voyager 1 13 years previously. All of the broadband VLF emissions imply the presence of a particular population of electrons. We suggest that broadband VLF emissions can be used as a ''particle detector'' to qualitatively measure the electron plasma conditions in the torus region and identify active regions. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1993

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Keywords
Magnetospheric Physics, Planetary magnetospheres, Magnetospheric Physics, Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics, Magnetospheric Physics, Plasma waves and instabilities, Planetology, Solid Surface Planets and Satellites, Magnetic fields
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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