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Detailed Reference Information
Frey et al. 1979
Frey, H., Lowry, B.L. and Chase, S.A. (1979). Pseudocraters on Mars. Journal of Geophysical Research 84: doi: 10.1029/JB080i014p08075. issn: 0148-0227.

In the Cydonia region of southern Acidalium Planitia are small, low-relief, apparently volcanic domelike structures, whose size, morphology, and general occurrence suggest they are martian analogs of terrestrial pseudocraters, a type of phreatic eruption. Average base diameters are about 800 m, which is somewhat larger than typical Icelandic examples. All the domes have summit pits; elongate domes generally have elongate summit pits or, in extreme cases, double pits. The greatest concentration of these domes is in a region of subdued fractured plains which may be old volcanic flows. Pseudocraters on the earth are produced when lava flows over water-logged ground. On Mars surface or subsurface ice was the likely medium that produced the steam eruptions resulting in cratered domelike structures on the lava surface.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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