Circuits misclosure analysis is used to investigate further possible vertical crustal movements in three areas in the western United States: along the San Andreas fault north of San Francisco, California; across the Nevada seismic zone in west central Nevada; and in the Sierra Nevada of northeastern California. These areas were chosen for this study because they are characterized by long-wavelength apparent movements and because existing survey data are sufficient to investigate the reliability of at least some of the leveling observations defining these apparent movements. The analysis used here is based on the supposition that in areas undergoing crustal movement the misclosure for a particular circuit should have the smallest value when the circuit is formed from the most temporally homogeneous survey data and larger, predictable values when the circuit is closed with surveys conducted at other times. For example, leveling surveys conducted in 1935 and 1942 along the San Andreas fault show a pronounced zone of relative uplift north of San Francisco. However, analysis of the leveling circuit containing these surveys reveales large misclosures, suggesting that the apparent uplift is due to errors in the 1935 survey and not to real crustal movement. Leveling surveys conducted across the Nevada seismic zone in 1934, 1955, and 1967 were used to study crustal movements associated with the 1954 series earthquakes in this area (Savage and Church, 1974). Although comparison of the 1955 and 1967 surveys suggests an overal tilt of 2 mm/km down to the west over a 90-km distance crossing the fault zone, Savage and Church (1974) showed that the 1967 surveys was probably contaminated by systematic error. Comparison of the 1934 and 1955 surveys also suggests a regional tilting, 0.8 mm/km down to the east over a distance of about 200 km. The loop data in this area are sufficient to investigate the reliability of the 1955 survey. Our study suggests that the 1955 survey was not affected by unusual errors, thus implying but not confirming the possibility of regional tilting in the Great Basin Between 1934 and 1955. Bennett et al. (1977) presented and interpreted elevation changes in the northern Sierra Nevada Range using results from leveling surveys conducted in 1912, 1938, 1947, and 1969 between Roseville, California, and Reno, Nevada. Their study suggests temporally complex regional movements with uplift of the range occurring between 1947 and 1969. Our analysis of leveling circuits in this area suggests that the 1947 survey was contamined by systematic error. In addition, comparison of the 1947--1969 movement profile with topography indicates a strong correlation, possibly due to elevation-correlated systematic errors. These results reemphasize the need for caution in applying tectonic interpretations to apparent movements indicated by releveling measurements. |