Recent investigations show that the refraction corrections in leveling are large but can be adequately modeled. The corrections are proportional to the temperature differences and the square of the sight lengths. Changes in sight length with time have resulted in apparent crustal movements when non-refraction-corrected data were used. Applying refraction corrections to leveling data in southern California significantly alters the size and configuration of the southern California uplift. Uplift at Palmdale and Gorman--Lebec relative to Los Angeles (BM V32) during the 1953--1978 time period is no greater than 10 cm. The bulk of the motion, about 6 cm, occurs as localized motion along the San Gabriel fault during the 1953--1964 time period. This motion along the San Gabriel fault and uplift of 8 cm directly north of the San Fernando fault between 1955 and 1968 may represent precursors to the 1971 San Fernando earthquake.