We made a direct measurement of the distance from a hypocenter in the Benioff-Wadati zone to the boundary between the downgoing slab and overlying asthenosphere. This was accomplished by identifying a low amplitude P wave relfection off the slab-asthenosphere contact which arrives at teleseismic stations several seconds after the initial P arrival. The measured delay time (after P) of the reflected phase shows a consistent azimuthal variation, thus eliminating possible source or receiver effects. The relative amplitude, polarity, and delay time of this observed phase are consistent with a model in which the distance between hypocenter and slab-asthenosphere contact at this depth is about 38¿5 km. The event studied was an intermediate depth (181 km) earthquake in the southern Kuriles which occurred in the lower layer of a double seismic zone. Our measured distance, when compared to the distance between the two seismic zones, indicates that the upper layer of seismicity is within 15 km of the slab-asthenosphere contact. |