We study the anelasticity of the asthenosphere beneath the youngest seafloor of the Iceland Plateau region using spectral analyses of surface waves. The epicenters and station geometry naturally define a fan-shooting experiment with pure path propagation in regions with different seafloor ages. Both Rayleigh and Love waves are used in this study to help constrain the source parameters needed for a reliable assessment of Q. The inversion results indicate an approximately 130-km-thick layer of Qβ of about 7 for the asthenosphere of the youngest region of 0--5 Ma. For the region of age 5--10 Ma, Qβ is about 50 and increases to over a hundred for the oldest zone (10 Ma). These attenuation values, when combined with laboratory experiments, indicate a partial melt of 3% in the asthenosphere near the spreading ridge. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1989