We have conducted a new set of rock magnetic experiments on samples of remagnetized Paleozoic carbonates of eastern North America. These experiments were designed to investigate the origin of the unusual hysteresis behavior of these rocks, by evaluating (1) the importance of ferrimagnetic pyrrhotite as a remanence carrier, and (2) the sources of low-field susceptibility. Low-temperature measurements of saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) indicate that the pyrrhotite magnetic transition at 32 K is absent in the Trenton and Onondaga limestones of New York. This transition is observed but poorly expressed in the Knox Group of east Tennessee: room-temperature SIRMs, cooled to 10 K in zero field, lose a small fraction of their intensity between 30 and 35 K. Samples from all three formations show a broad peak in IRM intensity at about 200 K, which is typical of pyrrhotite.

In the Trenton and Onondaga samples, the ferrimagnetic component of low-field susceptibility is significantly larger than the ratio Mrs/Hcr, and is thus probably due dominantly to magnetite; in some of the Knox samples the reverse is true, suggesting an important pyrrhotite contribution. For all of the samples, the ferrimagnetic susceptibility, normalized by the saturation magnetization, is anomanously high, about a factor of 5 or 10 higher than the typical value for magnetite. We believe that this indicates a very substantial contribution from superparamagnetic particles. Strong frequency dependence of susceptibility and very high ratios of anhysteretic to saturation remanence confirm the importance of ultrafine particles, spanning the superparamagnetic-single-domain boundary. All three of these chemically remagnetized carbonates units exhibit the following properties, which have not previously been found together for any rock or synthetic analog, and which therefore appear to constitute a diagnostic set of rockmagnetic criteria for recognizing chemically-remagnetized rocks: Mrs/Ms≈0.89 (Hcr/Hc)-0.6; kf/Ms≈50 μm/A; ARM/SIRM≈20%; kα/(Mrs/Hcr)≈50. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1993