Nuclear bomb tests in the atmosphere produce both oxides of nitrogen and ozone. For bomb yields of 1 Ml or more, much of the bomb-produced radioactivity, ozone, and NOx are lifted into the stratosphere. Bomb-produced NOx constitutes a prompt one-time source of ozone if NO2 is in excess of NO relative to the ambient NO2/NO ratio, and it constitutes a fast (minutes) one-time destruction of ozone if NO is in excess. At a considerably slower, elevation-dependent rate the bomb-produced NOx is expected catalytically to destroy some stratospheric ozone. A 2-Ml nuclear bomb, exploded near 15¿S on July 4, 1970, stabilized between 15 and 20 km with maximum concentration of radioactivity at 18 km. Christie (1976) deduced the trajectory and size of this nuclear bomb cloud for 10 days and examined the detailed record of total ozone observed at that time by the Nimbus 4 satellite. The present article carries out calculations for several chemical processes expected to occur in this nuclear bomb cloud. There is a wide range of uncertainty as to how much NOx and ozone the nuclear bomb injected into the stratosphere. The central expectation value, referred to 18 km, is that bomb-produced ozone would increase local stratospheric ozone by 40% on the first day: upon expansion of the cloud the increase drops to 2% by the eighth day; and it would require 2 months for the bomb-produced NOx to destroy the bomb-produced ozone. There would be very little NOx catalytic destruction of stratospheric ozone from this nuclear bomb during its first 10 days; it did not rise high enough into the stratosphere to cause a fast destruction of ozone. The observations by Christie are in agreement with current models of nuclear bombs and stratospheric photochemistry. |