Results of impulse radar, ice crystal c axis, and subice current measurements on the fast ice near Narwhal Island, Alaska, are presented. The crystal structure of the ice was found to have a horizontal crystal c axis with a preferred azimuthal orientation. This orientation was found to align with the direction of the current at the ice-water interface. Impluse radar reflection measurements revealed that the preferred orientation of the sea ice crystal structure behaved as a microwave polarizer. It was observed that when the antenna E field was oriented parallel with the c axis of the crystal platelets, a strong reflection of the radar signal from the bottom of the ice was obtained. However, when the antenna E field was oriented perpendicular to the c axis, no bottom reflection was detected. The results of this study fully support earlier reports of sea ice inhomogeneity and anisotropy in reference to both structure and electromagnetic energy transmission. |