Twenty-one current meter moorings wre deployed in Lake Huron during winter 1974--1975. The moorings were set in November 1974 and retrieved approximately 6 months later. The stations were configured on a coarse grid to measure the lake-scale circulation during winter. Water temperature was also recorded in nearly all of the 65 current meters deployed. Results reveal a strong cyclonic flow pattern in the Lake Huron Basin persisting throughout the winter. The observed winter circulation was in essence very similar to what is now believed to be the summer circulation of epilimnion water, although the winter currents penetrated to deeper levels in the water column and were more intense. Winter cyclonic flow persisted in a nearly homogeneous water mass, while summer currents have been shown to exhibit an almost geostrophic balance with observed water density distributions. This suggests that the current field driven by prevailing wind stresses across the lake's water surface may be largely responsible for maintaining the horizontal gradients of water density observed in the lake during summer. Analyses of energetic wind stress impulses reveal the prevailing wind directions that drive the dominant circulations. When combined with results of summer surveys, the winter studies permit a description of the annual cycle of horizontal current speed variation with depth in Lake Huron. |