A severe case of Saharan dust transport and deposition with rain over Italy and sourthern Europe has been investigated by combining all available data including meteorological information, analyses of air sampling filters and sampled dust with rain, and satellite information on cloud cover. This typical straight transport case is characterized by a trough oriented south-north, a cold front on the mobilization area, and a warm advection from the south. Meteorological analysis included relative topography, maps of pseudo-potential temperatures, and barotopographies of ϑp=45 ¿C. The conditions of dust mobilization have been investigated and strong updrafts and thermals, with and without concomitant convective clouds, proved to be responsible for it. The size distribution of particles in rainfall residue has shown two modes, with diameters around 0.2 and 1 μm. X ray diffractometric analysis and SEM pictures have shown that the two modes are also different in composition, the smaller particles being composed of clay platelets and the larger of quartz grains. The mass concentration of the dust layer has been evaluated in 154 μg/m. Wet removal through in-cloud scavenging processes was the effective mechanism of deposition of the dust, as muddy rain has been observed at the ground long before the dust was observed in air sampling filters at mountain stations.