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Hubert & Mouget 1981
Hubert, P. and Mouget, G. (1981). Return stroke velocity measurements in two triggered lightning flashes. Journal of Geophysical Research 86: doi: 10.1029/JC086iC06p05253. issn: 0148-0227.

Triggered lightning experiments at St. Privat d'Allier (France) enabled the three-dimensional return stroke velocity VRS and the electric current intensity, I, to be measured simultaneously for two multistroke triggered flashes. For the first strokes, VRS = 6.1¿1.5 107 m/s with Imax = 19.5¿1 kA and VRS = 6.1¿1 107 m/s with Imax = 8.2¿2.5 kA in reasonable agreement with current theory. For nine subsequent strokes with rise time shorter that 1.5 μs, Imax lies between 3.1¿0.9 and 16.6¿5 kA and VRS between 6.1¿1 and 17.4¿3 107 m/s. The latter values are 2 or 3 times higher than was predicted.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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