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Detailed Reference Information
Wand et al. 1983
Wand, R.H., Rastogi, P.K., Watkins, B.J. and Loriot, G.B. (1983). Fine Doppler resolution observations of thin turbulence structures in the tropostratosphere at Millstone Hill. Journal of Geophysical Research 88: doi: 10.1029/JC088iC06p03851. issn: 0148-0227.

The 440-MHz radar at Millstone Hill (42.6 ¿N,71.5 ¿W) was employed to examine the detailed evolution of turbulence structures in the tropostratosphere with a very fine Doppler resolution of 0.12 Hz, corresponding to 4 cm s-1 radial velocity resolution. The measurement technique involved directing the antenna downwind at a low elevation angle (15¿ or 20¿) and processing the echos from a range where the background wind shear was high. Although no attempt was made to obtain good range resolution, a wide variety of turbulence structures were evident by virtue of their different Doppler shifts in the presence of a high wind shear. Using arguments based on the dominance of 'shear broadening' and the required velocity gradient to create instabilities, maximum layer thicknesses in the vicinity of 20--300 m were inferred. The implication of these observations to bulk transport of passive contaminants in the stratosphere is briefly discussed.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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