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Robinson et al. 1983
Robinson, E., Clark, D., Cronn, D.R., Bamesberger, W.L. and Hogan, A.W. (1983). Stratospheric-tropospheric ozone exchange in Antarctic caused by mountain waves. Journal of Geophysical Research 88: doi: 10.1029/JC080i015p10708. issn: 0148-0227.

Under suitable meteorological conditions, mountainous terrain may induce atmospheric wave formations that propagate across the tropopause and into the stratosphere. This study presents results of a NSF-C-130 research aircraft flight over the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica (78¿S, 85¿W) on December 3-4, 1978. The aircraft was in the study area for more than 6 hours and flew a total of 14 flight tracks generally parallel to the mountain ridge at 4 primary altitudes between 7.3 and 8.7 km, MSL. Data, analyses included horizontal and cross-sectional fields of temperature,, potential temperature ozone, frost point, and wind. The results showed that over the mountain area there was a pattern of changes in these variables that could be explained by the apparent vertical motion expected to occur in mountain wave situations. In this case there was vertical displacement of air parcels across the tropopause zone that was shown by ozone and potential temperature patterns. In the patterns at various constant levels the measured values appear to be organized into a series of bands or zones characteristic of wave troughs and ridges oriented across the mean wind direction and parallel to the terrain ridges. Ozone flux calculations were made by using concentrations measured in upwind and downwind zones. The results showed that at about 7.4 km below the tropopause, the flux of ozone leaving the mountain wave zone was 268 μgm-2 s-1. This was a 61% increase over the incoming ozone flux of 167 μgm-2 s-1. This increased flux produces a change in concentration at the 7.43 km altitude from about 12 ppb in the background air flow to about 20 ppb downwind of the mountains. The downhill flux was larger above 7.4 km. It is concluded that the increases in ozone observed in the downwind tropospheric layers were the result of mountain wave-induced downward mixing of ozone-rich stratospheric air parcels.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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