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Burger & Blanchard 1983
Burger, S.R. and Blanchard, D.C. (1983). The persistence of air bubbles at a seawater surface. Journal of Geophysical Research 88: doi: 10.1029/JC080i012p07724. issn: 0148-0227.

The time an air bubble persists at a seawater surface is a function of many factors, including the relative humidity and speed of the air over the surface of the water. We find that bubble surface life increases in magnitude with decreasing humidity and increasing speed of the air. This appears to be caused by a salinity gradient along the bubble cap. This produces a surface tension gradient (Marangoni effect) that increases bubble surface life.

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Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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