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Horton 1984
Horton, C.W. (1984). Surface front displacement in the Gulf Stream by Hurricane/Tropical Storm Dennis. Journal of Geophysical Research 89: doi: 10.1029/JC089iC04p02005. issn: 0148-0227.

Using airborne radiation thermometer measurements and air dropped expendable bathythermographs, the near-surface thermal structure of a section of the Gulf Stream northeast of Cape Hatteras was monitored before and immediately after the passage of Hurricane/Tropical Storm Dennis in August 1981. The passage of Dennis increased the average horizontal separation between the surface and subsurface Gulf Stream fronts from about 1 to 19 km. This increase in separation between the two fronts was apparently caused by wind-driven cross-stream advection in the mixed layer.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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